Abstract: For the purpose of the rapid and accurate identification of genetic background of cabbage inbred lines and the improvement of backcross breeding efficiency，we performed PCR amplification of 36 primer pairs in 101 inbred lines from eight varieties in Brassica oleracea and analyzed their genetic background using software NTSYSpc2.11a. Results showed that all the average coefficients of intra- variety for the eight varieties are bigger than 0.55，and that of inter-variety vary from 0.45 to 0.59. The 101 B. oleracea accessions can be divided into eight groups with the coefficient of 0.62. Based on these results，23 out of 101 inbred lines were selected and 50 EST-SSR markers were added. At last，a set of 86 markers for genetic background selection was preliminarily obtained and used successfully for the backcross selection of cabbage self-compatibility.

Key words: cabbage, inbred line, background selection, EST-SSR