Abstract: SRAP technique was applied to analyze the genetic variation and relationships of 35 core collection watermelon germplasms whose Fusarium wilt resistance were evaluated. 46 of 63 SRAP primers generated a total of 445 reproducible bands，262（58.88%）of which were polymorphic，with an average of 9.67 for each pair of primers. Based on the population structure analysis，the association analysis between SRAP markers and Fusarium wilt resistance was performed by using of TASSEL GLM. The population structure analysis showed that 35 watermelon genetic resources were clustered into 3 groups including 1 group of wild-type and 2 groups of cultivar-type. The gene introgression was also discovered in the 2 cultivar-TYPES. The dendrogram result which was constructed by using UPGMA method was consistent with the population structure analysis，with 4 clusters and 5 classes in cluster 2. The dendrogram result indicated that the genetic resources of watermelon with similar resistant level tend to gather together.1 SRAP loci associated with Fusarium wilt resistance character（P < 0.01）was found based on the association analysis，and the explanation rate was 0.2035. The research indicated that SRAP markers was effective to differentiate the population structure of watermelon germplasms，and SRAP loci association with Fusarium wilt resistance could be identified by associated analysis. The outcomes of this study will help us to accelerate the watermelon breeding for disease resistance and molecular marker-assisted breeding.

Key words: Watermelon, Fusarium wilt resistance, SRAP, cluster analysis, association analysis