Abstract: Musa and its family are important wild germplasm resources of banana. Elucidating the taxonomy and phylogeny of this wild group，especially finding who has the closest relationships with the wild parents of cultivated banana（M. acuminata and M. balbisiana），can provide valuable information for the collection and utilization of genetic resources for further banana improvement. In this article，the taxonomy，geo-distribution of Musa and its family，and methods used in taxonomy of this group were introduced，the research progress on molecular phylogeny of this group in recent years were reviewed，and strategies on germplasm collection，identification and molecular phylogeny were proposed，in order to provide reference for further research on banana germplasms and their exploitation.

Key words: Musa, germplasm, wild relatives, taxonomy, molecular phylogenetics