关键词: 板栗, 叶片形态, 解剖结构, 气孔特征, 隶属函数法, 种质, 抗旱性评价

Abstract: Morphological，anatomical structure and stomatal characteristics of the leaves of 238 Chinese chestnut varieties（stains）were observed and measured by multi-function image analysis，frozen sectioning and nail oil seal methods in this experiment. Total number of 33 indexes were screened for drought resistant evalution via coefficient of variation，principal component analysis and the subordinate function method. Firstly，the cuticle thickness of upper epidermis，the variation coefficient of the width of upper epidermis cell，the first layer of palisade tissue cell density，the first layer of palisade tissue cell width，the width of lower epidermis and the cuticle thickness of lower epidermis cell among these 33 indicators were all less than 10%，and appeared the small difference among those 238 varieties（strains）. The variation coefficients of the other 27 indexes were all greater than 10%，and the differences among varieties（strains）were large too. Through principal component analysis，10 indexes were selected from the 27 indexes as representative indexes for comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance of Chinese chestnut varieties or strain. Secondly，those 238 varieties（strains）were divided into 4 groups by using analysis of the average membership value：the first group consists of 31 varieties（strains）with extremely strong drought resistance，the average membership value ranging from 0.60 to 0.80；the second group including 48 varieties（strains）with strong drought resistance，ranging from 0.50 to 0.59；the third group consists of 84 varieties（strains）with medium drought resistance，ranging from 0.30 to 0.49；the fourth group consists of 75 varieties（strains）with weak drought resistance，ranging from 0.20 to 0.29.

Key words: chestnut, leaf morphology, anatomical structure, stoma characteristic, the subordinate function method, germplasm, drought resistance evaluation