花椰菜核心种质的构建与评价

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-1034

园艺学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 421-431.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-1034

花椰菜核心种质的构建与评价

王梦梦¹^,², 孙德岭³, 陈锐², 杨迎霞², 张冠¹^,², 吕明杰², 王倩², 谢添羽², 牛国保³, 单晓政³, 谭津¹^,^*(), 姚星伟³^,^*()

1.天津商业大学生物技术与食品科学学院，天津市食品生物技术重点实验室，天津 300134
2.天津市农业科学院种质资源与生物技术研究所，天津 300381
3.天津市农业科学院蔬菜研究所，天津 300381

收稿日期:2022-10-13 修回日期:2022-11-11 出版日期:2023-02-25 发布日期:2023-03-06
通讯作者: *（E-mail：tanjin@tjcu.edu.cn，yaoxingwei99@126.com)
基金资助:
天津市科技计划项目(19ZXZYSN0050);天津市科技计划项目(20YFZCSN00400);天津市现代农业产业技术体系项目(ITTVRS2017004);天津市“131”创新型人才团队建设项目(201923)

Construction and Evaluation of Cauliflower Core Collection

WANG Mengmeng¹^,², SUN Deling³, CHEN Rui², YANG Yingxia², ZHANG Guan¹^,², LÜ Mingjie², WANG Qian², XIE Tianyu², NIU Guobao³, SHAN Xiaozheng³, TAN Jin¹^,^*(), YAO Xingwei³^,^*()

1. Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology，School of Biotechnology and Food Science，Tianjin University of Commerce，Tianjin 300134，China
2. Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology，Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Tianjin 300381，China
3. Vegetable Research Institute，Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Tianjin 300381，China

Received:2022-10-13 Revised:2022-11-11 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-03-06
Contact: *（E-mail：tanjin@tjcu.edu.cn，yaoxingwei99@126.com)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对709份花椰菜自交系与骨干亲本，基于亲缘关系与22组农艺性状表型数据，筛选并构建了包含153个品系的核心种质资源集，占比21.58%。根据核心种质的表型变异数据，均值差异百分率为0、极差符合率大于80%以及较高的变异系数变化率等评价指标结果显示，构建的核心种质集的覆盖度与表型代表性良好。核心种质与全部种质之间的表型保留比分析、表型多样性指数t检验、不同性状均值t检验、主成分分析、插入缺失（Insertion/ Deletion，InDel）位点计数与分布统计等分析结果进一步验证了该核心种质资源的表型变异特征与遗传多样性，其能够有效代表709份花椰菜原始种质资源。

关键词: 花椰菜, 核心种质, 表型性状, 遗传多样性

Abstract:

In the present study，709 inbred lines and backbone parents in cauliflower were resequenced，and their agronomic traits were analyzed. A core collection set containing 153 cauliflower lines was constructed based on the data of genotypes and 22 phenotypes. Furthermore，according to the data of phenotypic variation in these core collection，the results indicated that the percentage of mean difference was zero，the range coincidence rate was higher than 80%，and the variation rate of coefficient of variation was also commomly high. In addition，the analysis，such as phenotypic retention ratio，t test of phenotypic diversity index，t test of mean value of different traits，principal component and statistics of InDel locus counting and distribution，was carried out between the core collection and those original collection. The results confirmed that the core collection population largely represents the phenotypic and genetic diversity of the whole resource，which meets the requirements of core collection construction.

Key words: cauliflower, core collection, phenotypic trait, genetic diversity

中图分类号:

S635.3

王梦梦, 孙德岭, 陈锐, 杨迎霞, 张冠, 吕明杰, 王倩, 谢添羽, 牛国保, 单晓政, 谭津, 姚星伟. 花椰菜核心种质的构建与评价[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(2): 421-431.

WANG Mengmeng, SUN Deling, CHEN Rui, YANG Yingxia, ZHANG Guan, LÜ Mingjie, WANG Qian, XIE Tianyu, NIU Guobao, SHAN Xiaozheng, TAN Jin, YAO Xingwei. Construction and Evaluation of Cauliflower Core Collection[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(2): 421-431.

图/表 8

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性状 Trait	描述 Description
叶片颜色 Leaf color	1 = 果绿色；2 = 浅绿色；3 = 灰绿色；4 = 深绿色；5 = 墨绿色 1 = Fruit green；2 = Light green；3 = Greyish green；4 = Dark green；5 = Blackish green
结球期株型 Plant type at the heading stage	1 = 合抱型；2 = 直立型；3 = 半直立型；4 = 半开张型；5 = 开张型 1 = Embrace type；2 = Vertical type；3 = Semi-upright type；4 = Semi-open type；5 = Open type
黑腐病抗性 Resistance to black rot	1 = 高抗；2 = 抗病；3 = 中抗；4 = 感病；5 = 高感 1 = High resistance；2 = Resistance；3 = Moderate resistance；4 = Infection；5 = High infection
花球荚叶 Curd pod leaf	0 = 无；1 = 有 0 = No；1 = Yes
球面紫色 Purple of curd surface	0 = 无；1 = 有 0 = No；1 = Yes
花球周正度 Extent of curd regularity	1 = 周正；2 = 较周正；3 = 五星型；4 = 不周正；5 = 无球型 1 = Extremely regular；2 = Regular；3 = The five-star；4 = Irregular；5 = No ball type
花球颜色 Curd color	1 = 极白；2 = 白色；3 = 乳白色；4 = 乳黄色；5 = 黄色 1 = Extremely white；2 = White；3 = Milky white；4 = Milky yellow；5 = Yellow
花球绒毛 Curd villi	1 = 无绒毛；2 = 少量绒毛；3 = 绒毛；4 = 中绒毛；5 = 大绒毛 1 = No fluff；2 = Less fluff；3 = Fluff；4 = Moderate fluff；5 = Big fluff
花球质地 Curd texture	1 = 极细嫩；2 = 细嫩；3 = 较细嫩；4 = 较粗；5 = 粗 1 = Extremely delicate；2 = Delicate；3 = Moderately delicate；4 = Moderate roughness；5 = Roughness
球面平整度 Flatness of curd surface	1 = 极平整；2 = 平整；3 = 较平整；4 = 不平整；5 = 极不平整 1 = Extremely flat；2 = Flat；3 = Moderate flatness；4 = Uneven；5 = Extremely uneven

性状 Trait	描述 Description
叶片颜色 Leaf color	1 = 果绿色；2 = 浅绿色；3 = 灰绿色；4 = 深绿色；5 = 墨绿色 1 = Fruit green；2 = Light green；3 = Greyish green；4 = Dark green；5 = Blackish green
结球期株型 Plant type at the heading stage	1 = 合抱型；2 = 直立型；3 = 半直立型；4 = 半开张型；5 = 开张型 1 = Embrace type；2 = Vertical type；3 = Semi-upright type；4 = Semi-open type；5 = Open type
黑腐病抗性 Resistance to black rot	1 = 高抗；2 = 抗病；3 = 中抗；4 = 感病；5 = 高感 1 = High resistance；2 = Resistance；3 = Moderate resistance；4 = Infection；5 = High infection
花球荚叶 Curd pod leaf	0 = 无；1 = 有 0 = No；1 = Yes
球面紫色 Purple of curd surface	0 = 无；1 = 有 0 = No；1 = Yes
花球周正度 Extent of curd regularity	1 = 周正；2 = 较周正；3 = 五星型；4 = 不周正；5 = 无球型 1 = Extremely regular；2 = Regular；3 = The five-star；4 = Irregular；5 = No ball type
花球颜色 Curd color	1 = 极白；2 = 白色；3 = 乳白色；4 = 乳黄色；5 = 黄色 1 = Extremely white；2 = White；3 = Milky white；4 = Milky yellow；5 = Yellow
花球绒毛 Curd villi	1 = 无绒毛；2 = 少量绒毛；3 = 绒毛；4 = 中绒毛；5 = 大绒毛 1 = No fluff；2 = Less fluff；3 = Fluff；4 = Moderate fluff；5 = Big fluff
花球质地 Curd texture	1 = 极细嫩；2 = 细嫩；3 = 较细嫩；4 = 较粗；5 = 粗 1 = Extremely delicate；2 = Delicate；3 = Moderately delicate；4 = Moderate roughness；5 = Roughness
球面平整度 Flatness of curd surface	1 = 极平整；2 = 平整；3 = 较平整；4 = 不平整；5 = 极不平整 1 = Extremely flat；2 = Flat；3 = Moderate flatness；4 = Uneven；5 = Extremely uneven

性状 Trait	种质 Germplasm	均值 Mean	极差 Range	变异系数/% Coefficient of variation	极差符合率/% CR	变异系数变化率/% VR	P_t
全株质量/kg Whole plant weight	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	2.78 2.74	5.91 4.91	34.89 35.72	83.08	102.37	0.723
总叶数 Total number of leaves	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	22.56 22.39	26.20 22.02	17.93 18.54	84.05	101.78	0.676
最大叶长/cm Maximum leaf length	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	59.07 59.00	51.12 44.30	13.78 14.93	86.66	108.37	0.933
最大叶宽/cm Maximum leaf width	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	25.97 25.60	27.96 25.10	16.23 18.16	89.77	111.88	0.398
株型夹角/° Plant type angle	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	46.54 46.37	34.70 32.33	11.60 12.86	93.17	110.84	0.754
中内叶长/cm Mid-inner blade length	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	47.16 48.20	53.85 45.40	18.74 19.55	84.31	104.32	0.239
着球位/cm Curd loci	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	20.88 20.30	34.18 27.70	29.60 27.18	81.04	89.91	0.327
单球质量/kg Single curd weight	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	1.06 1.07	2.70 2.34	35.98 33.52	86.66	93.16	0.828
花球直径/cm Curd diameter	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	19.64 19.60	16.42 14.09	11.38 10.94	85.81	96.07	0.833
花球高/cm Curd height	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	11.75 11.62	13.16 11.46	15.35 14.81	87.08	96.51	0.482
一级枝长/cm Primary branch length	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	4.15 3.94	9.99 6.67	35.42 34.10	86.77	96.27	0.162
二级枝长/cm Secondary branch length	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	1.94 1.89	3.06 2.82	27.31 28.40	92.16	104.00	0.280

性状 Trait	种质 Germplasm	均值 Mean	极差 Range	变异系数/% Coefficient of variation	极差符合率/% CR	变异系数变化率/% VR	P_t
全株质量/kg Whole plant weight	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	2.78 2.74	5.91 4.91	34.89 35.72	83.08	102.37	0.723
总叶数 Total number of leaves	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	22.56 22.39	26.20 22.02	17.93 18.54	84.05	101.78	0.676
最大叶长/cm Maximum leaf length	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	59.07 59.00	51.12 44.30	13.78 14.93	86.66	108.37	0.933
最大叶宽/cm Maximum leaf width	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	25.97 25.60	27.96 25.10	16.23 18.16	89.77	111.88	0.398
株型夹角/° Plant type angle	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	46.54 46.37	34.70 32.33	11.60 12.86	93.17	110.84	0.754
中内叶长/cm Mid-inner blade length	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	47.16 48.20	53.85 45.40	18.74 19.55	84.31	104.32	0.239
着球位/cm Curd loci	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	20.88 20.30	34.18 27.70	29.60 27.18	81.04	89.91	0.327
单球质量/kg Single curd weight	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	1.06 1.07	2.70 2.34	35.98 33.52	86.66	93.16	0.828
花球直径/cm Curd diameter	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	19.64 19.60	16.42 14.09	11.38 10.94	85.81	96.07	0.833
花球高/cm Curd height	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	11.75 11.62	13.16 11.46	15.35 14.81	87.08	96.51	0.482
一级枝长/cm Primary branch length	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	4.15 3.94	9.99 6.67	35.42 34.10	86.77	96.27	0.162
二级枝长/cm Secondary branch length	原始种质Original collection 核心种质Core collection	1.94 1.89	3.06 2.82	27.31 28.40	92.16	104.00	0.280

表型性状 Phenotypic trait	多样性指数Phenotypic diversity index		t值 t-value	P值 P-value
表型性状 Phenotypic trait	原始种质 Original collection	核心种质 Core collection	t值 t-value	P值 P-value
全株质量/kg Whole plant weight	2.029	1.953	0.605	0.606
总叶数 Total number of leaves	2.060	2.031	-2.512	0.129
最大叶长/cm Maximum leaf length	2.091	2.078	0.375	0.744
最大叶宽/cm Maximum leaf width	2.059	2.030	2.177	0.161
株型夹角/° Plant type angle	2.059	2.030	0.315	0.783
中内叶长/cm Mid-inner blade length	2.086	2.045	-0.118	0.917
着球位/cm Curd loci	2.000	2.032	-1.220	0.347
单球质量/kg Single curd weight	1.997	2.033	-0.641	0.587
花球直径/cm Curd diameter	2.028	1.992	0.640	0.588
花球高/cm Curd height	1.945	1.926	1.133	0.375
一级枝长/cm Primary branch length	1.911	1.811	1.562	0.259
二级枝长/cm Secondary branch length	1.979	1.870	4.028	0.056

花椰菜核心种质的构建与评价

Construction and Evaluation of Cauliflower Core Collection

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主成分 Component	原始种质Original collection			核心种质Core collection
主成分 Component	特征值 Eigen value	贡献率/% Variance	累计贡献率/% Cumulativa proportion	特征值 Eigen value	贡献率/% Variance	累积贡献率/% Cumulativa proportion
1	4.969	41.411	41.411	5.123	42.691	42.691
2	2.665	22.210	63.621	3.060	25.503	68.194
3	1.176	9.803	73.424	1.186	9.882	78.076
4	0.896	7.469	80.893	0.707	5.888	83.964
5	0.596	4.969	85.863	0.486	4.051	88.015
6	0.427	3.559	89.422	0.417	3.476	91.491
7	0.372	3.103	92.525	0.329	2.743	94.234
8	0.349	2.907	95.432	0.250	2.084	96.318
9	0.231	1.927	97.358	0.181	1.511	97.828
10	0.146	1.218	98.576	0.137	1.143	98.972
11	0.125	1.040	99.617	0.084	0.701	99.673
12	0.046	0.383	100.000	0.039	0.327	100.000

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花椰菜核心种质的构建与评价

Construction and Evaluation of Cauliflower Core Collection

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