多组学助力十字花科芸薹属寄主抗根肿病机制研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0153

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根肿病（Clubroot）是由专性活体营养型原生生物芸薹根肿菌（Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin）引起的土传病害，现已成为全球十字花科作物生产中最具破坏性的病害之一。值得注意的是，该病害的疫区分布近年来呈显著扩张趋势。因此，系统阐明根肿菌致病分子机理与芸薹属寄主免疫应答网络调控机制对于抗病品种的培育以及综合防控体系构建至关重要。当前，基于高通量测序技术的突破性进展及多组学数据的增长，研究者已从多维视角揭示了根肿菌—芸薹属寄主植物互作界面的分子图谱。本文系统综述了该领域的重要研究进展，重点探讨多组学技术集成在根肿菌病原生物学特性解析、抗性基因定位及根肿菌—芸薹属寄主互作机理解码中的关键作用，旨在为构建靶向抗根肿病分子育种策略和创新病害防控方案提供理论依据与技术路径参考。

关键词: 十字花科芸薹属, 根肿病, 芸薹根肿菌, 组学

Abstract:

Clubroot，caused by the obligate biotrophic protist Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin，is a soil-borne pathogen that has emerged as one of the most devastating diseases in global Brassica crop production. Notably，the geographical distribution of infected areas has exhibited a significant expansion trend in recent years. Therefore，systematically elucidating the molecular pathogenesis of P. brassicae and the regulatory mechanisms of host immune response networks in Brassica species is critical for breeding resistant cultivars and establishing integrated disease management systems. Currently，leveraging breakthroughs in high-throughput sequencing technologies and the exponential growth of multi-omics data，researchers have unveiled the molecular atlas of the P. brassicae-Brassica host interaction interface from multidimensional perspectives. This review comprehensively synthesizes key advancements in the field，with a focus on the pivotal role of integrated multi-omics approaches in deciphering the pathogen’s biological characteristics，genetic mapping of resistance genes，and decoding host-pathogen interaction mechanisms. The findings aim to provide theoretical foundations and technical pathways for developing targeted molecular breeding strategies and innovative disease control strategies against clubroot.

Key words: Brassica, clubroot, Plasmodiophora brassicae, omics

郑敬一, 李晓楠, 朴钟云. 多组学助力十字花科芸薹属寄主抗根肿病机制研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2025, 52(5): 1213-1232.

ZHENG Jingyi, LI Xiaonan, PIAO Zhongyun. Multi-omics Approaches to Improve the Studies on the Mechanisms of Clubroot Resistance in Brassica Hosts[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(5): 1213-1232.

图/表 8

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寄主编号 Number	寄主来源 Host	二进制 Binary number series	十进制 Denary number series	寄主编号 Number	寄主来源 Host	二进制 Binary number series	十进制 Denary number series
	Brassica rapa L. Sensu lato，2n = 20				Brassica napus L.，2n = 38
ECD01	ssp. rapifera line aaBBCC	2⁰	1	ECD06	var. napus line Dc101	2⁰	1
ECD02	ssp. rapifera line AAbbCC	2¹	2	ECD07	var. napus line Dc119	2¹	2
ECD03	ssp. rapifera line AABBcc	2²	4	ECD08	var. napus line Dc128	2²	4
ECD04	ssp. rapifera line AABBCC	2³	8	ECD09	var. napus line Dc129	2³	8
ECD05	ssp. pekinensis‘Granaat’	2⁴	16	ECD10	var. napus line Dc130	2⁴	16
	Brassica oleracea L.，2n = 18
ECD11	var. capitata‘Badger Shipper’	2⁰	1
ECD12	var. capitata‘Bindsachsener’	2¹	2
ECD13	var. capitata‘Jersey Queen’	2²	4
ECD14	var. capitata‘Septa’	2³	8
ECD15	var. acephala subvar. laciniata‘Verheul’	2⁴	16

寄主编号 Number	寄主来源 Host	二进制 Binary number series	十进制 Denary number series	寄主编号 Number	寄主来源 Host	二进制 Binary number series	十进制 Denary number series
	Brassica rapa L. Sensu lato，2n = 20				Brassica napus L.，2n = 38
ECD01	ssp. rapifera line aaBBCC	2⁰	1	ECD06	var. napus line Dc101	2⁰	1
ECD02	ssp. rapifera line AAbbCC	2¹	2	ECD07	var. napus line Dc119	2¹	2
ECD03	ssp. rapifera line AABBcc	2²	4	ECD08	var. napus line Dc128	2²	4
ECD04	ssp. rapifera line AABBCC	2³	8	ECD09	var. napus line Dc129	2³	8
ECD05	ssp. pekinensis‘Granaat’	2⁴	16	ECD10	var. napus line Dc130	2⁴	16
	Brassica oleracea L.，2n = 18
ECD11	var. capitata‘Badger Shipper’	2⁰	1
ECD12	var. capitata‘Bindsachsener’	2¹	2
ECD13	var. capitata‘Jersey Queen’	2²	4
ECD14	var. capitata‘Septa’	2³	8
ECD15	var. acephala subvar. laciniata‘Verheul’	2⁴	16

鉴定系统 Classification system	生理小种 Pathotype designation
CCD	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	X
Williams	3	2	5	3	8	2	5	3	5	8	5	5	6	8	3	8	5
Somé	P₂	P₂	P₂	P₂	P₂	P₂	P₃	P₂	P₂	P₃	P₃	P₃	P₂	P₂	P₃	P₂	P₃
寄主Differential host	抗性反应Reaction
ECD 02	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ECD 05	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
ECD 06	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-
ECD 08	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+
ECD 09	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-
ECD 10	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ECD 11	-		-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ECD 13	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-
Brutor	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Laurentian	+	+	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	-
Mendel	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+
Westar	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
45H29	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	+

鉴定系统 Classification system	生理小种 Pathotype designation
CCD	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	X
Williams	3	2	5	3	8	2	5	3	5	8	5	5	6	8	3	8	5
Somé	P₂	P₂	P₂	P₂	P₂	P₂	P₃	P₂	P₂	P₃	P₃	P₃	P₂	P₂	P₃	P₂	P₃
寄主Differential host	抗性反应Reaction
ECD 02	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ECD 05	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
ECD 06	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-
ECD 08	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+	+	+
ECD 09	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-
ECD 10	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ECD 11	-		-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ECD 13	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-
Brutor	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Laurentian	+	+	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	+	-
Mendel	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+
Westar	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
45H29	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	+	+

寄主Host	Pb1	Pb2	Pb3	Pb4	Pb5	Pb6	Pb7	Pb8	Pb9	Pb10	Pb11	Pb12	Pb13	Pb14	Pb15	Pb16
H01	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-
H02	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	+	+	+
H03	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	-
H04	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	+
H05	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	+
H06	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	+
H07	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-
H08	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
H09	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+