冠菌素对‘火焰无核’葡萄内源激素及花色苷合成关键酶活性的影响

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0872

园艺学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (10): 2413-2426.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0872

冠菌素对‘火焰无核’葡萄内源激素及花色苷合成关键酶活性的影响

麦斯乐¹^,², 王艳蒙¹^,², 朱学慧², 韩守安², 王敏², 谢辉², 杭林枫³, 张雯²^,^*()

¹ 新疆农业大学园艺学院，乌鲁木齐 830052
² 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所/农业农村部新疆地区果树科学观测试验站/新疆作物化学调控工程技术研究中心/新疆特色果蔬基因组研究与遗传改良重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830091
³ 成都新朝阳作物科学股份有限公司，成都 611630

收稿日期:2023-11-03 修回日期:2024-08-08 出版日期:2024-10-25 发布日期:2024-10-21
通讯作者:
*E-mail：zwxilin@126.com
基金资助:
“天山英才”青年拔尖人才项目(2023TSYCCX0022); “天山英才”青年拔尖人才项目(2022TSYCCX0068); 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助(CARS-29-ZP-08); 新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项(2022B02045); 新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项(2022B02034); 新疆乌鲁木齐北疆葡萄种质资源与果园生态新疆野外科学观测研究站项目(XJYWZ2307); 国家自然科学基金项目(31460429); 新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新团队项目(2022D14014)

Effects of Coronatine on Endogenous Hormone Content and Activities of Key Anthocyanin Synthesis Enzymes in‘Flame Seedless’Grape Berry

MAI Sile¹^,², WANG Yanmeng¹^,², ZHU Xuehui², HAN Shou’an², WANG Min², XIE Hui², HANG Linfeng³, ZHANG Wen²^,^*()

¹ College of Horticulture，Xinjiang Agricultural University，Urumqi 830052，China
² Institute of Horticultural Crops，Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Pomology（Xinjiang），Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Xinjiang Crop Chemical Regulation Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics Research and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang，Urumqi 830091，China
³ Chengdu Newsun Crop Science Co.，Ltd.，Chengdu 611630，China

Received:2023-11-03 Revised:2024-08-08 Published:2024-10-25 Online:2024-10-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以新疆主栽红色葡萄品种‘火焰无核’为试材，于果实转色初期（花后47 d）用新型植物生长调节剂冠菌素（coronatine，COR）不同浓度溶液进行蘸穗处理，研究其对果实品质、果皮花色苷、内源激素及花色苷合成关键酶活性的影响，以期探明COR促进葡萄果皮花色苷积累，改善果实着色的作用机制。研究结果表明，不同浓度COR处理均可以改善果实品质，显著提高果皮花色苷含量，提高部分时期生长素（IAA）、赤霉素（GA）、茉莉酸（JA）含量和转色后期脱落酸（ABA）含量，以及花色苷合成关键酶PAL、CHS、CHI、F3H、DFR、ANS和UFGT的活性，促进花色苷的合成积累，改善果实着色。其中COR稀释3 000倍处理效果最佳，花后57 d，与对照相比，总糖含量提高了12.34%，总有机酸含量降低了22.40%，固酸比提高了44.70%，花色苷含量提高了56.88%，JA含量提高了80.04%。相关性分析表明，JA含量与大多数时期的花色苷合成关键酶活性呈正相关，JA含量及关键酶活性与花色苷含量基本呈正相关。综合分析认为，果实转色初期外源COR处理主要通过促进果皮JA合成，进而提高花色苷合成关键酶活性，促进果皮花色苷合成，改善着色。

关键词: 葡萄, 着色, 冠菌素, 花色苷, 内源激素, 花色苷合成关键酶

Abstract:

‘Flame Seedless’grape，the main red grape cultivar in Xinjiang，was used as the test material in this study. To explore the mechanism of action of the plant growth regulator coronatine （COR）in promoting anthocyanin accumulation in grape peel and improving fruit coloring，it determined the effects of COR on fruit quality，anthocyanin，endogenous hormones，and the activity of key enzymes involved in anthocyanin synthesis. Three COR concentrations were prepared for solution dipping treatments in the early fruit color conversion stage（47 days after full blooming）. The results showed that the treatment with all three concentrations of COR could improve fruit quality，significantly increase anthocyanin content in peel，and increase indoleacetic acid（IAA），gibberellin（GA），jasmonic acid （JA）content in some periods as well as the abscisic acid（ABA）content at the late stage of color conversion. The activities of key enzymes involved in anthocyanin synthesis，namely PAL，CHS，CHI，F3H，DFR，ANS，and UFGT，were increased，which promoted the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins and improved fruit coloring. Among the three treatments，the treatment with COR diluted 3 000 times yielded the excellent results. Compared with the control（water），the treatment with COR diluted 3 000 times exhibited 12.34% higher total soluble sugars content，22.40% lower total organic acids content，44.70% higher TSS/TA ratio，56.88% higher anthocyanin content，and 80.04% higher JA content. Correlation analysis showed that the JA content was positively correlated with the activity of key enzymes involved in anthocyanin synthesis in most periods，and both JA content and key anthocyanin synthesis enzyme activities were positively correlated with the anthocyanin content. Comprehensive analysis showed that COR treatment in the early stage of fruit coloration mainly promoted the synthesis of JA in berry，thereby increasing the activity of key enzymes involved in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway，which promoted anthocyanin synthesis in the peel and enhanced the appearance fruit color.

Key words: grape, coloring, coronatine, anthocyanin, endogenous hormone, key anthocyanin synthesis enzymes

麦斯乐, 王艳蒙, 朱学慧, 韩守安, 王敏, 谢辉, 杭林枫, 张雯. 冠菌素对‘火焰无核’葡萄内源激素及花色苷合成关键酶活性的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(10): 2413-2426.

MAI Sile, WANG Yanmeng, ZHU Xuehui, HAN Shou’an, WANG Min, XIE Hui, HANG Linfeng, ZHANG Wen. Effects of Coronatine on Endogenous Hormone Content and Activities of Key Anthocyanin Synthesis Enzymes in‘Flame Seedless’Grape Berry[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(10): 2413-2426.

图/表 7

表1 不同浓度COR处理对‘火焰无核’葡萄成熟期果实品质的影响

Table 1 Effects of different concentrations of COR on fruit quality of‘Flame Seedless’grape berry at maturity stage

COR稀释倍数 COR dilution multiple	总糖/（mg · g^-1） Total soluble sugars	总有机酸/（mg · g^-1） Total organic acid	固酸比 TSS/TA	纵径/cm Longitudinal diameter	横径/cm Transverse diameter
水（对照）Water（Control）	216.72 ± 4.96 c	10.58 ± 0.04 a	20.49 ± 0.39 c	1.46 ± 0.01 a	1.47 ± 0.02 b
1 000	237.51 ± 2.94 ab	9.67 ± 0.05 b	24.57 ± 0.41 b	1.52 ± 0.05 a	1.53 ± 0.04 ab
2 000	231.83 ± 3.00 b	9.40 ± 0.12 c	24.65 ± 0.08 b	1.52 ± 0.02 a	1.56 ± 0.03 a
3 000	243.46 ± 2.26 a	8.21 ± 0.13 d	29.65 ± 0.67 a	1.52 ± 0.01 a	1.51 ± 0.01 ab

图1 COR（稀释倍数1000、2000、3000）处理对‘火焰无核’葡萄成熟期果实色泽的影响

Fig.1 Effects of COR（dilution multiple 1 000，2 000，3 000）treatments on fruit color of‘Flame Seedless’grape berry at maturity stage

表2 COR处理对‘火焰无核’葡萄转色期至成熟期果皮花色苷含量的影响

Table 2 Effects of COR treatment on anthocyanin content in peel of‘Flame Seedless’grape berry from veraison stage to maturity stage （ng · g-1）

COR稀释倍数 COR dilution multiple	花后天数/d Days after full blooming
COR稀释倍数 COR dilution multiple	47	49	51	53	55	57
水（对照） Water（Control）	55.34 ± 7.94 a	247.42 ± 3.18 b	394.09 ± 52.32 c	655.80 ± 74.68 b	882.82 ± 62.20 c	850.56 ± 41.79 c
1 000	55.34 ± 7.94 a	418.84 ± 51.09 a	618.85 ± 10.00 b	895.56 ± 25.26 a	994.66 ± 85.04 bc	1 174.14 ± 3.98 b
2 000	55.34 ± 7.94 a	465.17 ± 21.37 a	757.50 ± 79.72 ab	887.59 ± 78.79 a	1 258.32 ± 98.10 a	1 081.11 ± 23.53 b
3 000	55.34 ± 7.94 a	471.44 ± 55.66 a	860.19 ± 98.20 a	834.14 ± 83.46 a	1 109.61 ± 83.28 ab	1 334.35 ± 84.28 a

图2 COR（稀释倍数1 000、2 000、3 000）处理对‘火焰无核’葡萄果皮脱落酸、生长素、赤霉素、茉莉酸含量的影响不同小写字母表示相同时期处理间差异显著（P < 0.05）。

Fig. 2 Effects of COR（dilution multiple 1 000，2 000，3 000）treatment on the content of ABA，IAA，GA and JA in peel of‘Flame Seedless’grape berry Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments at 0.05 level.

图3 COR（稀释倍数1 000、2 000、3 000）处理对花后49 ~ 57 d果皮花色苷合成关键酶活性的影响 PAL：苯丙氨酸解氨酶；CHS：查尔酮合成酶；CHI：查尔酮异构酶；F3H：黄烷酮-3-羟化酶；F3′H：类黄酮-3′-羟化酶；F3′5′H：类黄酮-3′,5′-羟化酶；DFR：二氢黄酮醇还原酶；ANS：花青素合成酶；UFGT：类黄酮糖基转移酶。不同小写字母表示相同时期处理间差异显著（P < 0.05）。代谢示意图参考Jaakola（2013）的报道。

Fig. 3 Effects of COR（dilution multiple 1 000，2 000，3 000）treatment on activities of key anthocyanin synthesis enzymes in peel at 49-57 days after full blooming PAL：Phenylalanine ammonia-lyasel；CHS：Chalcone synthase；CHI：Chalcone isomerase；F3H：Flavanone 3-hydroxylase；F3′H：Flavanone 3′-hydroxylase；F3′5′H：Flavanone 3′5′-hydroxylase；DFR：Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase；ANS：Anthocyanidin synthase；UFGT：UDP-glycose flavonoid glycosyltransferase. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments at 0.05 level. The metabolic diagram was referred to the report of Jaakola（2013）.

图4 ‘火焰无核’葡萄花后49 ~ 57 d果实内源激素含量与花色苷合成关键酶活性的相关性

Fig. 4 Correlation between endogenous hormones content and important enzyme activities of anthocyanin synthesis in‘Flame Seedless’grape berry at 49-57 days after full blooming * P < 0.05.

图5 ‘火焰无核’葡萄花后49 ~ 57 d果实内源激素含量、花色苷关键酶活性与花色苷（A）、叶绿素含量（C）的相关性

Fig. 5 Correlation between endogenous hormones content，activities of key anthocyanin synthesis enzymes and anthocyanin（A），chlorophyll content（C）in‘Flame Seedless’grape berry at 49-57 days after full blooming * P < 0.05，** P < 0.01，*** P < 0.001.

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冠菌素对‘火焰无核’葡萄内源激素及花色苷合成关键酶活性的影响

Effects of Coronatine on Endogenous Hormone Content and Activities of Key Anthocyanin Synthesis Enzymes in‘Flame Seedless’Grape Berry

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冠菌素对‘火焰无核’葡萄内源激素及花色苷合成关键酶活性的影响

Effects of Coronatine on Endogenous Hormone Content and Activities of Key Anthocyanin Synthesis Enzymes in‘Flame Seedless’Grape Berry

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参考文献 39

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