弱光环境下适应性不同的番茄生长发育与转录组差异分析

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0775

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以番茄耐弱光品种‘申粉16’和不耐弱光品种‘K20’为材料，研究弱光对其生长、抗氧化酶活性、MDA含量的影响，并对转录组数据进行分析。结果表明，弱光抑制了番茄植株的生长，并伴随MDA含量上升及APX、CAT等抗氧化酶活性降低，但耐弱光品种‘申粉16’的降低幅度小于不耐弱光的‘K20’。转录组分析结果显示，弱光逆境下，‘K20’共得到898个差异表达基因，‘申粉16’共得到2 849个差异表达基因。‘K20’和‘申粉16’KEGG富集分析显示，‘K20’上调的差异表达基因主要富集在内质网蛋白质加工和真核生物核糖体生物合成等途径，而‘申粉16’上调的差异表达基因主要富集在植物激素信号转导途径和MAPK信号等途径，说明两个品种对弱光的响应机制可能不同，且耐弱光品种‘申粉16’可能通过调控激素的生物合成来增加其对弱光的适应性。综上所述，弱光抑制了番茄植株的生长，但耐弱光品种可能通过调控包括生长素在内的多种激素的合成及提高抗氧化酶活性来增加其对弱光的适应性。

关键词: 番茄, 逆境, 弱光, 激素, 转录分析

Abstract:

In this study，low-light sensitive cultivar‘K20’and low-light tolerant cultivar‘Shenfen 16’were selected as materials. The effects of low light on plant height，stem diameter，internode length，numbers of leaves，antioxidant enzyme activity，MDA content and RNA-seq data were analyzed. The results showed that low light inhibited the growth of tomato plants，accompanied with an increase in MDA content and decreases in antioxidant enzyme activities，but the reductions in ‘Shenfen 16’were smaller than those in‘K20’. Furthermore，898 differentially expressed genes（DEGs）were identified in‘K20’and 2 849 DEGs were obtained in‘Shenfen 16’under low light stress. The up-regulated pathway of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG）enrichments in‘K20’were‘protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum’and‘ribosome biogenesis in eukaryote’，whereas the largest amount of DEGs in‘Shenfen 16’were annotated with‘plant hormone signal transduction’and followed by‘MAPK signaling pathway’. These results suggested that low-light tolerant cultivar may increase its adaptation to low light by regulating the biosynthesis of hormones. In summary，low light inhibited the growth of tomato plants，but low light-tolerant cultivar may increase its adaptability to low light by regulating the synthesis of various hormone such as IAA and increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes.

Key words: Solanum lycopersicum, stress, low light, hormone, transcriptome analysis

王虹, 苗辰, 丁小涛, 沈海斌, 朱为民. 弱光环境下适应性不同的番茄生长发育与转录组差异分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(2): 335-345.

WANG Hong, MIAO Chen, DING Xiaotao, SHEN Haibin, ZHU Weimin. Growth，Development and Transcriptome Analysis of Tomato Cultivars with Different Low Light Tolerances Under Low Light Condition[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(2): 335-345.

图/表 7

图1 弱光逆境下耐弱光的‘申粉16’和不耐弱光的‘K20’番茄株高、茎粗、节间长和叶片数的动态变化

Fig. 1 The dynamic changes in plant height，stem diameter，internode length and leaf number of different tomato cultivars under low light stress

图2 弱光逆境对耐弱光的‘申粉16’和不耐弱光的‘K20’番茄鲜质量和干质量的影响不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著（P < 0.05）。下同。

Fig. 2 Effects of low light stress on fresh weightand dry weight in different tomato cultivars Different lowercase letters indicate significant statistical differences（P < 0.05）. The same below.

图3 弱光逆境对耐弱光的‘申粉16’和不耐弱光的‘K20’番茄叶片MDA含量的影响

Fig. 3 Effects of low light stress on the content of MDA in different tomato cultivars

图4 弱光逆境对耐弱光的‘申粉16’和不耐弱光的‘K20’番茄叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响

Fig. 4 Effects of low light stress on antioxidant enzyme activities in different tomato cultivars

图5 弱光逆境下耐弱光的‘申粉16’和不耐弱光的‘K20’番茄转录组差异基因数

Fig. 5 The number of differentially expressed genes in different tomato cultivars under low light stress

图6 弱光胁迫对耐弱光‘申粉16’番茄激素信号转导途径的影响红色表示上调基因，绿色表示下调基因，黄色表示非差异基因。

Fig. 6 Effects of low light stress on plant hormone signal transduction pathway in‘Shenfen 16’tomato Red indicates up-regulated genes，green indicates down-regulated genes，and yellow indicates non-differential genes.

图7 弱光胁迫对不耐弱光的‘K20’番茄激素信号转导途径的影响红色表示上调基因，绿色表示下调基因，黄色表示非差异基因。

Fig. 7 Effects of low light stress on plant hormone signal transduction pathway in‘K20’tomato Red indicates up-regulated genes，green indicates down-regulated genes，and yellow indicates non-differential genes.

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