嫁接技术提高番茄抗病抗逆性的研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0569

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

嫁接技术是提高番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）抗病抗逆的重要方法之一，从番茄嫁接砧木类型、提高植株对生物胁迫（病毒、细菌、真菌和根结线虫等）和非生物胁迫（水涝、干旱、温度和盐胁迫等）的抗性、改善果实品质以及其机制等多方面进行归纳，总结番茄嫁接相关研究进展，以期为茄科等蔬菜作物通过嫁接方式提高植株抗病抗逆性研究和应用提供参考。

关键词: 番茄, 嫁接, 生物胁迫, 非生物胁迫, 耐受性

Abstract:

Grafting technology is one of the important methods to improve tomato（Solanum lycopersicum）resistance to disease and stress. This paper focuses on the types of tomato grafted rootstocks，the improvement of plant resistance to biotic stress（viruses，bacteria，fungi，root-knot nematodes，etc.），abiotic stress（flooding，drought，temperature and salt stress，etc.），improvement of fruit quality and its mechanism and other aspects to summarize，summarize the research progress of tomato grafting，in order to provide reference for the research and application of vegetable crops such as Solanaceae to improve plant disease resistance and stress resistance through grafting.

Key words: Solanum lycopersicum, grafting, biotic stress, abiotic stress, tolerance

韦建明, 李云洲, 梁燕. 嫁接技术提高番茄抗病抗逆性的研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(9): 1997-2014.

WEI Jianming, LI Yunzhou, LIANG Yan. Advances in Research on Improving Tomato Disease Resistance and Stress Resistance by Grafting Technology[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(9): 1997-2014.

图/表 2

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胁迫类型 Type of coercion	砧木Rootstock		番茄接穗 Scion	抗性 Resistance	参考文献 Reference
胁迫类型 Type of coercion	茄子 Eggplant	番茄 Tomato	番茄接穗 Scion	抗性 Resistance	参考文献 Reference
病毒 Virus	刺茄 Solanum integrifolium	S. melongena Molfettese (Sm-Mo)， S. lycopersicum Manduria (Sl-Ma)，UC82 (Sl-UC)，Manduria (Sl-Ma)，Faino (Sl-Fa)，Pullrex (Sl-Pu)	S. lycopersicum，UC82 (Sl-UC) Manduria (Sl-Ma)，Messapico (Sl-Me)，Faino (Sl-Fa)，Pullrex(Sl-Pu)	增强TSWV耐受性，增加产量，促进根系发育Enhanced TSWV tolerance；Increase production；Promote root development	Spano et al.,2015
		Sl-UC，Ma	Sl-UC，Sl-Ma	增强CMV耐受性 Increased tolerance to CMV	Spano et al.,2017
		Sl-UC，Ma	Sl-UC，Sl-Ma	增强PVY耐受性 Increased PVY tolerance	Spano et al.,2020
		GZ-R	GZ-R	增强YLCV耐受性 Increased TYLCV tolerance	韦建明等,2023a
细菌 Bacteria	EG203、EG209、托鲁巴姆 Solanum torvum	夏威夷7996、BF兴津101 Hawaii 7996，BF-Okitsu 101	合作903、渝红6号Cooperation 903，Yuhong 6	有效防止土传性病害，提高产量 Effectively prevent soil-borne diseases and increase yield	熊书萍等,2004
		砧木1号、桂砧1号 Rootstock 1， Gui Anvil 1	珍红 Zhen Red 大明星 Big Star	有效抑制青枯病，获得高产优质番茄 Effectively inhibit bacterial wilt and obtain high yield and quality	黄天云等,2009
	抗青1号 Kangqing 1	抗青1号 Kangqing 1	西粉三号 West Powder 3	降低青枯病发病率Reduce the incidence of bacterial wilt	黄益鸿和雷东阳,2013
		Tomachiva	Beske，UC82-B	增强对青枯病的耐受性；增加坐果率和果实大小Enhanced tolerance to bacterial wilt；Increase fruit setting rate and fruit size	Ganiyu et al.,2020
	VI041809A VI041943 VI041945 VI041979A VI041984		Victoria，TStarE	提高产量；抑制青枯病 Increase production；Control bacterial wilt	Manickam et al.,2021
	茄砧11号 Nightshade Anvil 11		多美瑞 Duomeirui	能够防治青枯病 Control bacterial wilt	谭海文等,2022
真菌 Fungus		LS-89，BF兴津101 BF-Okitsu 101	L-402	增强番茄叶霉病抗性和体内酶活性Enhance tomato leaf mildew resistance and enzyme activity in vivo	何莉莉等,2001
		GZ-R	GZ-R	增强灰霉病和白粉病的抗性 Enhances resistance to gray mold and powdery mildew	韦建明等,2023a
线虫 Nematodes		Beaufort	多毛番茄 S. habrochaites	抗根结线虫The resistance of root knot nematode increased	López-Pérez et al.,2006
		Big Power			Rivard et al.,2010
		Brigeor			Cortada et al.,2009
		Multifort		抗根结线虫和提高产量Both root knot nematode resistance and yield were increased	Frey et al.,2020
		Multifort		抗根结线虫The resistance of root knot nematode increased	Barrett et al.,2012
	托鲁巴姆 Solanum torvum	果砧一号 Guozhen 1	樱粉8 S. lycopersicom Yingfen 8	提高产量和抗根结线虫Both root knot nematode resistance and yield were increased	Zhang et al.,2017

胁迫类型 Type of coercion	砧木Rootstock		番茄接穗 Scion	抗性 Resistance	参考文献 Reference
胁迫类型 Type of coercion	茄子 Eggplant	番茄 Tomato	番茄接穗 Scion	抗性 Resistance	参考文献 Reference
病毒 Virus	刺茄 Solanum integrifolium	S. melongena Molfettese (Sm-Mo)， S. lycopersicum Manduria (Sl-Ma)，UC82 (Sl-UC)，Manduria (Sl-Ma)，Faino (Sl-Fa)，Pullrex (Sl-Pu)	S. lycopersicum，UC82 (Sl-UC) Manduria (Sl-Ma)，Messapico (Sl-Me)，Faino (Sl-Fa)，Pullrex(Sl-Pu)	增强TSWV耐受性，增加产量，促进根系发育Enhanced TSWV tolerance；Increase production；Promote root development	Spano et al.,2015
		Sl-UC，Ma	Sl-UC，Sl-Ma	增强CMV耐受性 Increased tolerance to CMV	Spano et al.,2017
		Sl-UC，Ma	Sl-UC，Sl-Ma	增强PVY耐受性 Increased PVY tolerance	Spano et al.,2020
		GZ-R	GZ-R	增强YLCV耐受性 Increased TYLCV tolerance	韦建明等,2023a
细菌 Bacteria	EG203、EG209、托鲁巴姆 Solanum torvum	夏威夷7996、BF兴津101 Hawaii 7996，BF-Okitsu 101	合作903、渝红6号Cooperation 903，Yuhong 6	有效防止土传性病害，提高产量 Effectively prevent soil-borne diseases and increase yield	熊书萍等,2004
		砧木1号、桂砧1号 Rootstock 1， Gui Anvil 1	珍红 Zhen Red 大明星 Big Star	有效抑制青枯病，获得高产优质番茄 Effectively inhibit bacterial wilt and obtain high yield and quality	黄天云等,2009
	抗青1号 Kangqing 1	抗青1号 Kangqing 1	西粉三号 West Powder 3	降低青枯病发病率Reduce the incidence of bacterial wilt	黄益鸿和雷东阳,2013
		Tomachiva	Beske，UC82-B	增强对青枯病的耐受性；增加坐果率和果实大小Enhanced tolerance to bacterial wilt；Increase fruit setting rate and fruit size	Ganiyu et al.,2020
	VI041809A VI041943 VI041945 VI041979A VI041984		Victoria，TStarE	提高产量；抑制青枯病 Increase production；Control bacterial wilt	Manickam et al.,2021
	茄砧11号 Nightshade Anvil 11		多美瑞 Duomeirui	能够防治青枯病 Control bacterial wilt	谭海文等,2022
真菌 Fungus		LS-89，BF兴津101 BF-Okitsu 101	L-402	增强番茄叶霉病抗性和体内酶活性Enhance tomato leaf mildew resistance and enzyme activity in vivo	何莉莉等,2001
		GZ-R	GZ-R	增强灰霉病和白粉病的抗性 Enhances resistance to gray mold and powdery mildew	韦建明等,2023a
线虫 Nematodes		Beaufort	多毛番茄 S. habrochaites	抗根结线虫The resistance of root knot nematode increased	López-Pérez et al.,2006
		Big Power			Rivard et al.,2010
		Brigeor			Cortada et al.,2009
		Multifort		抗根结线虫和提高产量Both root knot nematode resistance and yield were increased	Frey et al.,2020
		Multifort		抗根结线虫The resistance of root knot nematode increased	Barrett et al.,2012
	托鲁巴姆 Solanum torvum	果砧一号 Guozhen 1	樱粉8 S. lycopersicom Yingfen 8	提高产量和抗根结线虫Both root knot nematode resistance and yield were increased	Zhang et al.,2017

胁迫类型 Type of coercion	砧木Rootstock		番茄接穗 S. lycopersicum scion	抗性 Resistance	参考文献 Reference
胁迫类型 Type of coercion	茄子 Solanum melongena	番茄 Tomato	番茄接穗 S. lycopersicum scion	抗性 Resistance	参考文献 Reference
水水涝 Flooding	Arka，Neelkanth，Mattu，Gulla，BPLH1，Arka Keshav		Arka Rakshak	提高光合和耐水涝能力Improved photosynthesis and waterlogging tolerance	Liao & Lin,1996; Bhatt et al.,2015
	IC-354557，IC- 111056，IC- 374873，CHBR-2		Arka Rakshak Arka Samrat	叶绿素和叶绿素荧光产率降幅减小 The decrease in chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence was reduced	Bahadur et al.,2015
		砧木606 Rootstock 606	金鹏1号 Jinpeng 1	叶绿素含量降幅、叶片离子外渗率减小；抗氧化酶活性提高、活性氧含量降低The decrease of chlorophyll content and the ion exosmosis rate of leaves were reduced. The activity of antioxidant enzymes increased and the content of reactive oxygen species decreased	张志焕,2016
干旱 Drought		Beaufort	M82	总类胡萝卜素和脯氨酸增加含量，叶绿素减少，生物量增加 The contents of total carotenoid and proline increased，chlorophyll decreased and biomass increased	Altunlu & Gul,2012
		Zarina	Josefina	果实多胺（特别是精胺）含量增加，抗氧化能力提高，抗旱性增强 The contents of polyamines (especially spermine) in fruit were increased，the antioxidant capacity was improved and the drought resistance was enhanced	Sánchez-Rodríguez et al.,2016
		Faridah	Unifort	改善的果实品质（如维生素C、总可溶性盐和总糖水平提高）Improved fruit quality (e.g. increased levels of vitamin C，total soluble salt and total sugar)	Ibrahim et al.,2014
		Jjak Kkung	BHN 602	地上部生长降低和光合能力增强 Aboveground growth decreased and photosynthetic capacity increased	Nilsen et al.,2014
		Unifort	Farida	水分利用率和产量增加Increased water utilization and yield	Alharbi et al.,2014
		Beaufort，Maxifort	Amelia	改善光合能力和叶片气孔导度 Improve photosynthetic capacity and stomatal conductance of leaves	Chaudhari et al.,2017
		GZ-01	红果番茄 Red fruit tomato	通过ABA途径改善光合能力和叶片气孔导度 Improve photosynthetic capacity and leaf stomatal conductance through ABA pathway	韦建明等,2023b 韦建明等,2023c
热激 Thermal shock		RX-335	Tmknvf2	PAL活动增加；PPO和GPX活动减少；减少干质量；总酚和邻二酚的增加 PAL activity increased; PPO and GPX activities decreased；Reduce dry weight; Increase of total phenol and o-diphenol	Rivero et al.,2010
低温Low temperature		LA1778	T5	叶片气孔导度与蒸腾速率降低 Leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased	Bloom et al.,2004
亚适温Boptimal- temperature		Breeding Line LA1777	Moneymaker	根冠比提高；叶片总碳含量增加Root shoot ratio increased；The total carbon content of leaves increased	Venema et al.,2008
热胁迫 Heat stress	Black Beauty	Summerset	UC 82-B	叶面积增大，叶片鲜质量和干质量增加；叶绿素荧光值提高；花粉增加The fresh weight and dry weight of leaves increased with the increase of leaf area. Chlorophyll fluorescence value increased；Pollen increase	Abdelmageed & Gruda,2009
低温 Low temperature		060112 R	060911 S	植株耐低温性提高；电解质渗透率降低；可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量提高 The low temperature tolerance of plants was improved. Electrolyte permeability decreased；The content of soluble sugar and proline increased	韩敏等,2018,2019
盐 Salinity		Maxifort，Arnold，Armstrong	Cuore di Bue	果实Na⁺含量提高 The content of Na⁺ in fruit was increased	Di Gioia et al.,2013
		Pera	Jaguar	耐盐性增强Increased salt tolerance	Estan et al.,2005
		Fanny	AR-9704	光合能力提高，耐盐性增强 The photosynthetic capacity was improved and the salt tolerance was enhanced	Fernández-García et al.,2004
		浙砧1号 Zhezhen 1	合作903 Hezuo 903	光合作用和耐盐性提高 Photosynthesis and salt tolerance were improved	He et al.,2009
		T0-T8	佳西娜74-112 Jiaxina 74-112	植株耐盐性提高、果实品质改善 Plant salt tolerance and fruit quality were improved		刘德兴等,2017
		Fosberg	Boludo F₁	提高植株耐盐性Improve plant salt tolerance		Albacete et al.,2009

胁迫类型 Type of coercion	砧木Rootstock		番茄接穗 S. lycopersicum scion	抗性 Resistance	参考文献 Reference
胁迫类型 Type of coercion	茄子 Solanum melongena	番茄 Tomato	番茄接穗 S. lycopersicum scion	抗性 Resistance	参考文献 Reference
水水涝 Flooding	Arka，Neelkanth，Mattu，Gulla，BPLH1，Arka Keshav		Arka Rakshak	提高光合和耐水涝能力Improved photosynthesis and waterlogging tolerance	Liao & Lin,1996; Bhatt et al.,2015
	IC-354557，IC- 111056，IC- 374873，CHBR-2		Arka Rakshak Arka Samrat	叶绿素和叶绿素荧光产率降幅减小 The decrease in chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence was reduced	Bahadur et al.,2015
		砧木606 Rootstock 606	金鹏1号 Jinpeng 1	叶绿素含量降幅、叶片离子外渗率减小；抗氧化酶活性提高、活性氧含量降低The decrease of chlorophyll content and the ion exosmosis rate of leaves were reduced. The activity of antioxidant enzymes increased and the content of reactive oxygen species decreased	张志焕,2016
干旱 Drought		Beaufort	M82	总类胡萝卜素和脯氨酸增加含量，叶绿素减少，生物量增加 The contents of total carotenoid and proline increased，chlorophyll decreased and biomass increased	Altunlu & Gul,2012
		Zarina	Josefina	果实多胺（特别是精胺）含量增加，抗氧化能力提高，抗旱性增强 The contents of polyamines (especially spermine) in fruit were increased，the antioxidant capacity was improved and the drought resistance was enhanced	Sánchez-Rodríguez et al.,2016
		Faridah	Unifort	改善的果实品质（如维生素C、总可溶性盐和总糖水平提高）Improved fruit quality (e.g. increased levels of vitamin C，total soluble salt and total sugar)	Ibrahim et al.,2014
		Jjak Kkung	BHN 602	地上部生长降低和光合能力增强 Aboveground growth decreased and photosynthetic capacity increased	Nilsen et al.,2014
		Unifort	Farida	水分利用率和产量增加Increased water utilization and yield	Alharbi et al.,2014
		Beaufort，Maxifort	Amelia	改善光合能力和叶片气孔导度 Improve photosynthetic capacity and stomatal conductance of leaves	Chaudhari et al.,2017
		GZ-01	红果番茄 Red fruit tomato	通过ABA途径改善光合能力和叶片气孔导度 Improve photosynthetic capacity and leaf stomatal conductance through ABA pathway	韦建明等,2023b 韦建明等,2023c
热激 Thermal shock		RX-335	Tmknvf2	PAL活动增加；PPO和GPX活动减少；减少干质量；总酚和邻二酚的增加 PAL activity increased; PPO and GPX activities decreased；Reduce dry weight; Increase of total phenol and o-diphenol	Rivero et al.,2010
低温Low temperature		LA1778	T5	叶片气孔导度与蒸腾速率降低 Leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased	Bloom et al.,2004
亚适温Boptimal- temperature		Breeding Line LA1777	Moneymaker	根冠比提高；叶片总碳含量增加Root shoot ratio increased；The total carbon content of leaves increased	Venema et al.,2008
热胁迫 Heat stress	Black Beauty	Summerset	UC 82-B	叶面积增大，叶片鲜质量和干质量增加；叶绿素荧光值提高；花粉增加The fresh weight and dry weight of leaves increased with the increase of leaf area. Chlorophyll fluorescence value increased；Pollen increase	Abdelmageed & Gruda,2009
低温 Low temperature		060112 R	060911 S	植株耐低温性提高；电解质渗透率降低；可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量提高 The low temperature tolerance of plants was improved. Electrolyte permeability decreased；The content of soluble sugar and proline increased	韩敏等,2018,2019
盐 Salinity		Maxifort，Arnold，Armstrong	Cuore di Bue	果实Na⁺含量提高 The content of Na⁺ in fruit was increased	Di Gioia et al.,2013
		Pera	Jaguar	耐盐性增强Increased salt tolerance	Estan et al.,2005
		Fanny	AR-9704	光合能力提高，耐盐性增强 The photosynthetic capacity was improved and the salt tolerance was enhanced	Fernández-García et al.,2004
		浙砧1号 Zhezhen 1	合作903 Hezuo 903	光合作用和耐盐性提高 Photosynthesis and salt tolerance were improved	He et al.,2009
		T0-T8	佳西娜74-112 Jiaxina 74-112	植株耐盐性提高、果实品质改善 Plant salt tolerance and fruit quality were improved		刘德兴等,2017
		Fosberg	Boludo F₁	提高植株耐盐性Improve plant salt tolerance		Albacete et al.,2009