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园艺学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8): 1579-1588.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0502

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱胁迫下4种柑橘砧木叶片细胞学特征及抗旱性比较

钟灶发1, 张利娟1, 高思思1, 彭婷1,2,*()   

  1. 1赣南师范大学生命科学学院,江西赣州 341000
    2国家脐橙工程技术研究中心,江西赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-15 修回日期:2021-07-15 出版日期:2021-08-25 发布日期:2021-09-06
  • 通讯作者: 彭婷 E-mail:pengting@gnnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31760563)

Leaf Cytological Characteristics and Resistance Comparison of Four Citrus Rootstocks Under Drought Stress

ZHONG Zaofa1, ZHANG Lijuan1, GAO Sisi1, PENG Ting1,2,*()   

  1. 1College of Life Sciences,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000,China
    2National Navel Orange Research Center,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000,China
  • Received:2021-04-15 Revised:2021-07-15 Online:2021-08-25 Published:2021-09-06
  • Contact: PENG Ting E-mail:pengting@gnnu.edu.cn

摘要:

以柑橘砧木三湖红橘(Citrus reticulata Blanc.)、枳[Poncirus trifoliata(L.)Raf.]、枳橙(C. sisensis × P. trifoliata‘Carrizo’)和崇义野橘(C. reticulata‘Chongyi’)2年生实生苗老熟叶片为材料进行脱水处理,测定相对失水率和电导率,并用印迹法和石蜡切片技术比较叶片的显微结构,对4种砧木的抗旱性进行主成分分析。三湖红橘在脱水处理下叶片保水性好,细胞膜受伤害程度最小;气孔密度(325个 · mm-2),显著低于其他3个品种,气孔开度减小速度最快;栅栏组织结构分明,较其他3个品种更发达;叶肉栅栏组织厚度与海绵组织厚度之比为0.56,极显著大于其他3个品种。4种柑橘砧木的抗旱性由强到弱依次为三湖红橘 > 枳 > 崇义野橘 > 枳橙 。综上,三湖红橘是1个优良的抗旱型柑橘种质资源。

关键词: 柑橘, 砧木, 抗旱性, 气孔, 叶片横切结构

Abstract:

Mature leaves from two-year-old Sanhu red tangerine(Citrus reticulata Blanc.),Chongyi wild mandarin(C. reticulata‘Chongyi’),Poncirus trifoliata and Carrizo citrange(C. sisensis × P. trifoliata‘Carrizo’)were detached and dehydrated for 0,3,and 6 h. The results of relative water loss and electrolyte leakage indicated that the leaves of Sanhu red tangerine had the best water retention capacity and suffered the least cell membrane damage under dehydration. Stomatal density of the lower epidermis was counted via blotting,indicating that Sanhu red tangerine had the lowest stomatal density(325 · mm-2),significantly lower than the other three varieties(P < 0.05). Moreover,blotting using the dehydrated leaves showed that the stomatal aperture area of Sanhu red tangerine decreased more promptly in response to dehydration. In addition,leaf anatomical structure was compared via paraffin sectioning. The palisade parenchyma of Sanhu red tangerine was completely differentiated into two layers,but palisade parenchyma of the other three materials were relatively underdevelopped. The ratio of palisade parenchyma thickness and the sponge parenchyma thickness of Sanhu red tangerine was 0.56,which was significantly higher than that of the other three materials. Finally,principal component analysis indicated that the capacity of the four citrus germplasms tolerant to drought was: Sanhu red tangerine > P. trifoliata > Chongyi wild mandarin > Carrizo citrange. In conclusion,Sanhu red tangerine was the most drought-tolerant one among the four tested varieties,which could be used for drought-tolerant citrus breeding in the future.

Key words: citrus, rootstock, drought tolerance, stomata, leaf cross section structure

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