草莓果胶裂解酶基因家族分析及其调控果实软化的功能研究

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0488

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

果胶裂解酶（pectate lyase）与果实的软化息息相关。在凤梨草莓（Fragaria × ananassa，栽培种）中共鉴定到68个果胶裂解酶家族成员并对其染色体位置进行了定位。根据进化树分析将凤梨草莓、森林草莓（F. vesca）、苹果、梨、桃以及拟南芥中果胶裂解酶成员分成了9个亚组。转录组数据分析结果显示，Fxac_5g17410、Fxac_13g48930和Fxac_26g11190在果实硬度较低的‘章姬’草莓中随果实发育表达逐步升高，而在果实硬度较高的‘红星’草莓中表达量很低。并且，将Fxac_13g48930在‘红星’果实中过表达后，果实硬度降低，表明Fxac_13g48930可以促进草莓果实的软化。

关键词: 草莓, 果实硬度, 果胶裂解酶, 软化

Abstract:

Pectate lyase is associated with fruit softening. A total of 68 members of the pectin lyase family were identified and their chromosomal locations were mapped in cultivated strawberry（Fragaria × ananassa）. Pectate lyase members in Fragaria × ananassa，F. vesca，Malus × domestica，Prunus persica，Pyrus bretschneideri and Arabidopsis were divided into nine subgroups based on phylogenetic tree analysis.Transcriptome data analysis showed that the expression levels of Fxac_5g17410，Fxac_13g48930 and Fxac_26g11190 gradually increased with the development of‘Akihime’strawberry fruits，while the expression level was very low in‘Hongxing’strawberry with hard fruits. In addition，overexpression of Fxac_13g48930 in‘Hongxing’reduced fruit firmness，suggesting that Fxac_13g48930 may promote softening of strawberry fruits.

Key words: strawberry, fruit firmness, pectate lyase, soften

冯佳, 路鹏, 李莉, 杨莉, 杨雷. 草莓果胶裂解酶基因家族分析及其调控果实软化的功能研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2025, 52(6): 1441-1450.

FENG Jia, LU Peng, LI Li, YANG Li, and YANG Lei. Genome Wide Identification and Functional Characterization of Strawberry Pectate Lyases Related to Fruit Softening[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(6): 1441-1450.

图/表 7

表1 qRT-PCR引物序列

Table 1 The primer sequences for qRT-PCR

目的基因 Gene	引物序列（5′-3′） Primer sequence
FxaC_5g17410	F：TCAATGGCAGACAGGTCCAA；R：TCCCAATTCTCTTCTCGCGG
FxaC_13g48930	F：GAAATGGATTACGGCCTGCG；R：CTCCGTTCCACCATTCCTGA
Fxac_26g11190	F：TGCAGCCTTCGTGACTATGA；R：ACACGAGGTTGCCTTTGTCT
Actin	F：CGAGGCTCAATCCAAAAGAG；R：TGGCCACATACATAGCAGGA

图1 不同发育时期的草莓果实硬度（A）及细胞形态（B）

Fig. 1 Firmness（A）and cell morphology（B）of strawberry fruits at different developmental stages ** P ≤ 0.01，t-test

图2 草莓果胶裂解酶在染色体的分布情况

Fig. 2 Distribution of pectin lyase in chromosomes of strawberry

图3 果胶裂解酶家族成员进化树

Fig. 3 The evolutionary tree of pectin lyase gene family

图4 果胶裂解酶家族成员共线性分析红色线条表示种间果胶裂解酶基因共线性关系；灰色线条表示种间所有基因成员的共线性关系

Fig. 4 Collinearity analysis of pectin lyase gene family The red lines represent pectin lyase gene collinearity between species，and the gray lines are collinearity of all gene members

图5 果胶裂解酶家族差异基因在果实不同发育时期的表达模式 G：绿果期；T：转色期；R：成熟期

Fig. 5 Expression patterns at different stages of fruit development for differential genes of the pectin lyase family G：The green stage；T：the turning stage；R：The red stage

图6 三个果胶裂解酶基因瞬时表达后的相对表达量（A）和草莓果实硬度（B） ** P ≤ 0.01，t-test；不同小写字母代表果实硬度差异显著，P ≤ 0.05，Tukey检验

Fig. 6 The relative expression（A） and the fruit hardness（B）of three pectin lyase genes after overexpression ** P ≤ 0.01，t-test；Different lowercase letter indicates significant difference，P ≤ 0.05 level，Tukey’s test

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