陕南魔芋芋花叶病毒的分布与遗传多样性

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0489

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用宏病毒组测序技术从陕西安康栽培的魔芋（Amorphophallus rivieri）中检测到了芋花叶病毒（dasheen mosaic virus，DsMV）。为明确该地区DsMV发生情况及其遗传多样性，从陕南魔芋产区采集207份花魔芋（Amorphophallus konjac）叶片和种球样品进行RT-PCR检测，DsMV平均检出率为37.7%。根据已公布的DsMV全基因组序列和宏病毒组测序结果，基于病毒保守序列设计特异性引物，采用长链RT-PCR和RACE技术获得9个DsMV陕南魔芋分离物全基因组序列，其核苷酸一致性为77.6% ~ 98.9%，与已公布的DsMV基因组核苷酸一致性为76.1% ~ 98.8%。序列分析表明DsMV的P1、P3、VPg和CP基因变异较大。基于34个DsMV全基因组序列构建系统发育树，结果显示DsMV不同分离物之间的变异与寄主种类和地理分布均没有明显相关性。重组分析发现，本研究中获得的9个DsMV魔芋分离物共参与19个重组事件，研究结果表明侵染魔芋的DsMV具有遗传多样性，基因重组可能是导致其多样性的主要因素。

关键词: 魔芋, 芋花叶病毒, 全基因组, 遗传多样性

Abstract:

Dasheen mosaic virus（DsMV）was identified in konjac（Amorphophallus rivieri）in Ankang，Shaanxi，China，using metaviromic sequencing. To investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of DsMV in this region，207 leaf and bulb samples of Amorphophallus konjac K. Koch were collected from southern Shaanxi and analyzed via RT-PCR，revealing an average virus positive rate of 37.7%. Based on published DsMV genome sequences and metaviromic data，specific primers targeting conserved viral genomic regions were designed. Using long-fragment RT-PCR and RACE technologies，the complete genomes of 9 DsMV isolates from konjac in southern Shaanxi were obtained. Nucleotide similarity among these isolates ranged from 77.6% to 98.9%，while their similarity to published DsMV genomes varied between 76.1% and 98.8%. Sequence analysis indicated significant variation in the P1，P3，VPg，and CP regions. A phylogenetic tree constructed from 34 complete DsMV genome sequences suggested that genetic diversity was not correlated with host species or geographical distribution. Recombination analysis revealed that the nine konjac-derived DsMV isolates participated in 19 recombination events. These findings demonstrate that DsMV infecting konjac exhibits substantial genetic diversity，primarily driven by recombination.

Key words: konjac, dasheen mosaic virus, complete genome, genetic diversity

杨金芳, 雷丽娜, 刘想, 刘欢, 何斐, 李川. 陕南魔芋芋花叶病毒的分布与遗传多样性[J]. 园艺学报, 2026, 53(8): 2469-2480.

YANG Jinfang, LEI Lina, LIU Xiang, LIU Huan, HEI Fei, LI Chuan. Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Dasheen Mosaic Virus in Konjac in Southern Shaanxi，China[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(8): 2469-2480.

图/表 9

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引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence	引物长度/bp Length	退火温度/℃ Annealing temperature	产物大小/bp Product length	引物结合位点^* Primer binding sites
DsMV-F	ATGAATGGTTTYATGGTYTGGTGCAT	26	55	419	9 305 ~ 9 330
DsMV-R	GCAGTGTGCCTTTCAGTGTT	20	55	419	9 704 ~ 9 723
DsMV-F1	ATGAGTGAYGARGARTAYAAGGCRCAYATAGC	27	58	4 484	1 553 ~ 1 584
DsMV-R1	CGRTCYCKTGCATCYCTAAACTTGAG	26	58	4 484	6 011 ~ 6 036
DsMV-F2	CTAAYTACTCAGATGTGGCTGATCTTG	27	58	3 688	5 775 ~ 5 801
DsMV-R2	GAAAAGTGATGCATDATYTGACGCAAG	27	58	3 688	9 436 ~ 9 462
DsMV-5RACE	GCTCTYTTGTTYCTAAAWGATTCAAGATT	29	58	1 914	1 886 ~ 1 914
DsMV-3RACE	ATGCATCACTTTTCTGACGCAGCAGAGGC	29	65	584	9 449 ~ 9 477

引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence	引物长度/bp Length	退火温度/℃ Annealing temperature	产物大小/bp Product length	引物结合位点^* Primer binding sites
DsMV-F	ATGAATGGTTTYATGGTYTGGTGCAT	26	55	419	9 305 ~ 9 330
DsMV-R	GCAGTGTGCCTTTCAGTGTT	20	55	419	9 704 ~ 9 723
DsMV-F1	ATGAGTGAYGARGARTAYAAGGCRCAYATAGC	27	58	4 484	1 553 ~ 1 584
DsMV-R1	CGRTCYCKTGCATCYCTAAACTTGAG	26	58	4 484	6 011 ~ 6 036
DsMV-F2	CTAAYTACTCAGATGTGGCTGATCTTG	27	58	3 688	5 775 ~ 5 801
DsMV-R2	GAAAAGTGATGCATDATYTGACGCAAG	27	58	3 688	9 436 ~ 9 462
DsMV-5RACE	GCTCTYTTGTTYCTAAAWGATTCAAGATT	29	58	1 914	1 886 ~ 1 914
DsMV-3RACE	ATGCATCACTTTTCTGACGCAGCAGAGGC	29	65	584	9 449 ~ 9 477

采样地点 Sampling location	样品数量 Sample quantity		阳性样品数量 Number of infected samples		RT-PCR检出率/% RT-PCR detection rate
采样地点 Sampling location	叶片 Leaf	种球 Bulb	叶片Leaf	种球 Bulb	叶片Leaf	种球 Bulb
安康市汉滨区 Hanbin，Ankang	21	17	6	4	28.57	23.53
安康市岚皋县 Langao，Ankang	35	57	14	27	40.00	47.37
安康市汉阴县 Hanyin，Ankang	15	24	4	9	26.67	37.50
安康市旬阳市 Xunyang，Ankang	18	20	7	7	38.89	35.00

采样地点 Sampling location	样品数量 Sample quantity		阳性样品数量 Number of infected samples		RT-PCR检出率/% RT-PCR detection rate
采样地点 Sampling location	叶片 Leaf	种球 Bulb	叶片Leaf	种球 Bulb	叶片Leaf	种球 Bulb
安康市汉滨区 Hanbin，Ankang	21	17	6	4	28.57	23.53
安康市岚皋县 Langao，Ankang	35	57	14	27	40.00	47.37
安康市汉阴县 Hanyin，Ankang	15	24	4	9	26.67	37.50
安康市旬阳市 Xunyang，Ankang	18	20	7	7	38.89	35.00

采样地点 Sampling location	植株症状 Plant symptoms	分离物 Isolate	基因组大小/nt Genome size	登录号 Accession No.
安康市汉滨区 Hanbin，Ankang	褪绿 Chlorosis	MYIA-SXAK	9 962	PV235466
安康市汉滨区 Hanbin，Ankang	花叶 Mosaic	MYIB-SXAK	9 962	PV235468
安康市汉阴县 Hanyin，Ankang	褪绿 Chlorosis	MYRC-SXAK	10 036	PV235467
安康市汉阴县 Hanyin，Ankang	卷叶，花叶 Leafrol，mosaic	MYRB-SXAK	9 961	PV235469
安康市旬阳市 Xunyang，Ankang	花叶 Mosaic	MYF-SXAK	10 026	PQ863969
安康市旬阳市 Xunyang，Ankang	黄化 Yellowing	MYC-SXAK	9 972	PQ863971
安康市岚皋县 Langao，Ankang	花叶 Mosaic	MYH2-SXAK	9 957	PQ863972
	环斑 Ringspot	MYH3-SXAK	9 960	PQ863970
	矮化，花叶 Dwarf，mosaic	M9-SXAK	9 958	PV235470