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园艺学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 853-863.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2019-0609

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于叶绿体DNA分析的楸子种质遗传多样性研究

高 源,王大江,王 昆*,丛佩华*,张彩霞,李连文,朴继成   

  1. 中国农业科学院果树研究所/农业部园艺作物种质资源利用重点实验室,辽宁兴城 125100
  • 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-05-25
  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2018-RIP-02);农业农村部物种品种资源保护费专项(NB2015-2130135-39);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303093)

Genetic Diversity of Malus prunifolia Germplasms Based on Chloroplast DNA Analysis

GAO Yuan,WANG Dajiang,WANG Kun*,CONG Peihua*,ZHANG Caixia,LI Lianwen,and PIAO Jicheng   

  1. Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture,Research Institute of Pomology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xingcheng,Liaoning 125100,China
  • Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-05-25

摘要: 利用4对叶绿体DNA引物扩增49份楸子[Malus prunifolia(Willd.)Borkh.]种质资源的4个叶绿体DNA基因间区trnH-psbA、trnS-trnG spacer + intron、trnT-5′trnL和5′trnL-trnF序列,基于4个叶绿体DNA基因间区的序列变异,从母系遗传的角度评价楸子的遗传多样性水平。结果显示:4个叶绿体DNA基因间区序列经测序、拼接、比对和合并之后的片段长度为3 790 bp,共有173个多态性变异位点,其中包含2个单一突变位点、20个简约信息位点和151个插入/缺失位点。在49份楸子种质中,trnH-psbA、trnS-trnG spacer + intron、trnT-5′trnL和5′trnL-trnF区域的变异位点的数量分别为26个、25个、120个和2个,单倍型数量分别为9个、7个、8个和3个,合并之后的叶绿体DNA片段的单倍型有14个。核苷酸多样性和单倍型多样性最高的区域均为trnH-psbA(Hd = 0.775,Pi = 0.02143),最低的为5′trnL-trnF(Hd = 0.481,Pi = 0.00072)。49份楸子种质4个叶绿体DNA区域合并后的遗传多样性较高(Hd = 0.854,Pi = 0.00949)。Tajima’s D检验中,4个叶绿体DNA区域在P > 0.10水平上均不显著,楸子的4个叶绿体DNA区域在进化上遵循中性进化模型。楸子的遗传变异主要存在于群体内部,不同居群间基因交流频繁,多数居群间遗传分化较少,与地理距离不完全相关。

关键词: 楸子, 叶绿体DNA, 单倍型, 遗传多样性

Abstract: Four intergenic region,trnH-psbA,trnS-trnG spacer + intron,trnT-5′trnL and 5′trnL-trnF of 49 accessions of newly collected germplasms of Malus prunifolia(Willd.)Borkh. were amplified by four primers. Based on genetic variation of 4 chloroplast intergenic regions,the genetic diversity of Malus prunifolia among different populations were explored from the perspective of maternal inheritance. The results showed that the length of four intergenic regions of chloroplast DNA was 3 790 bp after sequencing,splicing,alignment and merging,and 173 variable sites were detected including 2 singleton variable sites,20 parsimony informative sites and 151 insertion/deletion gaps. Among the 49 accessions of Malus prunifolia,the number of variable sites of region trnH-psbA,trnS-trnG spacer + intron,trnT-5′trnL and 5′trnL-trnF were 26,25,120 and 2. The number of haplotypes for four regions being were 9,7,8 and 3. After four regions being merged the haplotypes of chloroplast DNA fragments were 14. The region with the highest nucleotide and haplotype diversity was trnH-psbA(Hd = 0.775,Pi = 0.02143),and the nucleotide andhaplotype diversity of 5′trnL-trnF was the lowest(Hd = 0.481,Pi = 0.00072). The cpDNA diversity of Malus prunifolia with four chloroplast DNA regionsmerged was high(Hd = 0.854,Pi = 0.00949). Tajima’s test showed all Tajima’s D values were not significant at P > 0.10,which indicated that variation of those chloroplast regions followed neutral theory of molecular evolution. The genetic variation of Malus prunifolia mainly existed within populations. Gene exchange among different populations is frequent,and genetic differentiation among most of populations is less,which has little relationship with geographical distance.

Key words: Malus prunifolia, chloroplast DNA, haplotype, genetic diversity

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