关键词: 龙眼, 杂交后代, 果实品质性状, 多样性, 综合评价

Abstract: Sixty-five individuals of longan F1 population from a cross between‘Shuguan’（female）× ‘Dawuyuan’（male）were chosen as materials，and 27 fruit quality traits of three years were collected and determined according to the method described in Shannon-weinner and Data Standard for longan（Dimocarpus longan）methods. The coefficient of variation，index and principal component were analyzed using the SPSS19.0 software. The results showed that the fruit quality traits of 65 individuals were significantly different. The coefficient of variation of 13 quantitative traits（single fruit weight，vertical diameter，transverse diameter，soluble solids content，edible rate，peel thickness，pericarp weight，flesh thickness，seed weight，vitamin C content，sucrose content，glucose content and fructose content）ranged from 6.95% to 41.64% with a diversity index ranging from 0.56–1.28. The diversity index of 14 description characters（harvest period，pericarp colour，fruit shape，fruit shoulder，fruit top，turtle crack，braided，pulp colour，flesh texture，flesh transparency，freestone，flesh juice，degree of flesh dregs and flesh flavor）ranged from 0.56 to 1.28. Meanwhile，the principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of five traits（single fruit weight，edible rate，soluble solids content，harvest period and flesh texture）was 87.50%. In summary，a method for comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality traits of hybrids of‘Shuguan’בDawuyuan’was established in this study. Five excellent individuals（SD7，SD11，SD36，SD53 and SD120）were screened out among 65 individuals and the result was highly consistent with our observations.

Key words: longan, sexual progeny, fruit quality trait, diversity, comprehensive evaluation