Fruit Trees

• Shoot Growth and Leaf Physiological Characteristics Response to Irrigation Method and Irrigation Rate in Apple Trees
• LIU Song-zhong;WEI Qin-ping;WANG Xiao-wei;ZHANG Qiang;LIU Jun;DING San-jie;and ZHANG Qing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1721-1728.
• Abstract ( 1653 ) HTML ( 1622 ) PDF (263KB) ( 1622 ) 　　　
• Three-year old‘Royal Gala’apple（Malus domestica Borth.）trees［grafted onto（M. robusta Rehd.）］grown in split-root pots were used to study that effects of partial root-zone alternative irrigation （PRAI）and partial root-zone located irrigation（PRLI）on shoot growth and leaf physiological characteristics. The results indicated that in PRAI，large irrigation rate significantly improve shoot growth and make autumn shoots growth early，and the second growth of new shoots were observed except the treatments of 1/4，2/4，and 3/4 root-zone irrigated by 500 mL and 2/4 root-zone irrigated by 750 mL. In contract，there is no significant difference on shoot growth between treatments，and shoot growth was little in all the treatments in PRLI. Leaf water potential and stomatal conductance had no difference in PRAI and PRLI. However，those were more stable in PRAI than PRLI. Therefore，shoot second growth was determined by irrigation rate，and leaf physiological characteristics were effected by irrigation root-zone. The second growth of shoots can start when partly root-zone（1/4 or 2/4 root-zone）was irrigated. However，their growth was retarded when 3/4 or 4/4 root-zone was irrigated and the irrigation rate was more than 750 mL. PRAI can save much more water than PRLI with maintaining physiological characteristics of apple tree. In this study，irrigating 2/4 root-zone with 750 mL water in PRAI was optimal according to regulation of shoot growth and saving water and maintaining leaf physiological characteristics.
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• The Pulp Color and Browning Diversity in Apple
• YANG Wei;ZHAO Suo-cheng;HE Yang;ZHANG Su-min;YI Kai;LIU Zhi;XU Gui-xuan;DONG Wen-xuan;and WEN Yu-bin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1729-1734.
• Abstract ( 2489 ) HTML ( 1656 ) PDF (233KB) ( 1656 ) 　　　
• In order to evaluate the pulp color and browning degrees about apple cultivars after the fresh-cut fruit treatment and look for the anti-browning resources，40 apple cultivars were employed to carry out the research in the pulp color and browning diversity and then the significant and cluster analyses were carried out. The results showed that the main types of apple pulp color are yellow，white and green. One hour later after the fresh-cut fruit treatment，the yellow pulp turned into yellow-brown，the green and white pulp became grey-brown mostly or turned into yellow-brown. The pulp browning phenomenon in apple cultivars occurred widely with the phenotypic diversity. Among the cultivars there were obviously differences in the pulp browning degree，especially for the cultivars with different ripened stage，in which the later the mature stage was，the less the browning was.‘Huahong’and‘Huaguan’were the much better anti-browning cultivars.
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• Mapping QTLs Controlling Flavor Quality of Peach Using a Cross Population Between Nectarine and Flat Nectarine
• SHEN Zhi-jun;MA Rui-juan;YU Ming-liang;Cai Zhi-xiang;and XU Jian-lan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1735-1744.
• Abstract ( 1686 ) HTML ( 1311 ) PDF (245KB) ( 1311 ) 　　　
• Flat nectarine with excellent fruit quality was one of the important objectives of peach breeding currently. A progeny with 115 individuals from a cross of nectarine and flat nectarine（Xiaguang  NF）was used as plant materials to construct genetic linkage map and to scan QTLs controlling fruit flavor. Sugars and organic acids，including sucrose，glucose，sorbitol，fructose，malic acid，citric acid and quinic acid，were determined by HPLC. A total of 213 SSR and SRAP loci，which fit the 1:1 Mendelian expectation，were selected for the construction of linkage map by MapManager QTX20b. By comparing to SSR loci from T  E reference map of Prunus，eight linkage groups were found to be matched well. A 1 232.7 cM linkage map was formed with an average distance of 9.34 cM between two loci，and the map contains 22 SSR markers，108 SRAP markers and two quality traits，flat shape（S）and non acid（D）. Through interval mapping，28，17，and 10 QTLs were found when LOD≥2，LOD≥3，and LOD≥5，respectively. QTLs controlling fruit flavor were located on Group 1，Group 2，Group 4，Group 5 and Group 6. QTLs in Goup 1（Glu2，Sor2，Tsug4 and SSC3），Group 2（Glu4，Sor3 and SSC4）and Group 4（Suc2，Glu3，Glu5，Tsug5 and Taci4）were all showed to have a negative adding effects to their corresponding traits. Six QTLs located in Group 5（Suc1，Suc3，Tsug3，Mal1，Taci3，and Taci5）which were mainly around the non-acid loci（D），showed a positive adding effects to sugar，and a negative adding effects to organic acid. Nine QTLs were found on Group 6（Glu1，Fru1，Sor1，Tsug1，Tsug2，Qui1，Taci1，Taci2，SSC1 and SSC2），and all of them performed to have a positive adding effects to their corresponding traits.
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• Pathogen Identification and Biological Characteristic of Leaf Blight — A New Peach Disease in China
• ZHANG Yong;LI Xiao-jun;QU Jian-lu;FAN Kun;and YANG Jian-ming
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1745-1750.
• Abstract ( 1671 ) HTML ( 1515 ) PDF (526KB) ( 1515 ) 　　　
• The pathogen causing leaf blight on peach was isolated from diseased leaf. Based on morphological characteristics，pathogenicity test，the sequence of ribosomal DNA-ITS，the pathogen was identified as Rhizoctonia solani Kühn，the rDNA-ITS sequence data of the pathogenic fungus has been submitted to GenBank（GenBank accession number：GU270581）. The temperature for mycelial growth of the pathogen ranged from 10 ℃ to 35 ℃，with the optimum temperature 25–30 ℃. The pH ranged from 4–10 with the optimum pH 5–7. For mycelial growth，the optimum carbon and nitrogen source were sucrose and yeast，respectively.
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• Difference in Sugar Accumulation of Pineapple Fruit Harvested in Different Seasons
• ZHANG Xiu-mei;LI Jian-guo;DOU Mei-an;YAO Yan-li;DU Li-qing;and SUN Guang-ming;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1751-1758.
• Abstract ( 1724 ) HTML ( 1025 ) PDF (277KB) ( 1025 ) 　　　
• The fruit of pineapple cultivar‘Smooth Cayenne’（Ananas comosus） cultured under similar management conditions were harvested in winter（February）and summer（July）to determine their sugar content and their metabolism-based enzyme activities in relation to their growth and development. The pineapple fruit harvested in February showed a non-typical single‘S’pattern（fast-slow model）in their growth and development，while those harvested in July displayed a typical single‘S’pattern （slow-fast-slow model），and the fruit harvested in July matured 40 days earlier than those harvested in February. The fruit growth period had an effect on the sugar accumulation of the pineapple fruit. The ratio of hexose to sucrose was 0.37 in the fruit harvested in February with more sucrose accumulated，and 5.92 in the fruit harvested in July with more hexose. Significant difference in sugar accumulation and sucrose metabolism enzymes was observed between the fruit harvested in February and July. The higher sucrose content in the fruit harvested in February was mainly related with the higher activities of SPS and SS synthesis and the lower invertase activity in the fruit，whereas the lower sucrose content in the fruit harvested in July was mainly related with the higher invertase activity in the fruit. This revealed that different fruit growth periods had some impact on the growth and development and sugar metabolism of the pineapple fruit.
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Vegetables

• The Effects of Inducing Treatments on Phenolic Metabolism of Melon Leaves
• CHEN Nian-lai;HU Min;DAI Chun-yan;and YANG Shi-mei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1759-1766.
• Abstract ( 1858 ) HTML ( 1548 ) PDF (226KB) ( 1548 ) 　　　
• To investigate the effects of disease inducing treatment on phenolic metabolism of melon leaves and the relationship to leaf disease resistance，two melon cultivars（‘Yindi’and‘Kalakesai’）of different disease resistance were employed. Benzo-1, 2, 3-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester （BTH），salicylic acid（SA）and Nano silicon（SiO2）were sprayed five days before inoculation with spore suspension of Sphaerotheca fuliginea，phenolic compound contents and relative enzyme activities were determined as the indicators. The activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase（PAL），peroxydase（POD），polyphenol oxidase（PPO），and the contents of total phenols，chlorogenic acid，flavonoids in melon leaves increased significantly after spraying with BTH，SA and/or inoculation of Sphaerotheca fuliginea spore suspension. SiO2 spraying did not show such inducing effect. The contents of phenolic compounds and the activities of relative enzymes in the disease resistant cultivar were higher than those in the susceptible cultivar after inducing treatment. The results suggest that one of the possible mechanisms of BTH and SA spraying on induced resistance of melon leaves is via increased contents of phenolic compounds and enhanced activities of phenol-related enzymes.
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• Effect of AM Fungi on the Yield and Nutrient Quality of Different Muskmelon Varieties in Greenhouse
• WANG Rui-zhu;HE Chao-xing;WANG Huai-song;and ZHANG Zhi-bin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1767-1774.
• Abstract ( 1877 ) HTML ( 1276 ) PDF (308KB) ( 1276 ) 　　　
• The effect of 2 strains AM fungi（GM Glomus mossea-2，GV Glomus versiforme）inoculation on the yield and nutrient quality of 8 different muskmelon varieties were studied under protected cultivation. The results showed that most varieties muskmelon seedlings inoculated with AM fungi grew better than ordinary seedlings，especially in photosynthetic rate and root activity. The single fruit weight of GM inoculation plants might grow bigger than non-mycorrhizal ordinary plants，so the yield of AM muskmelon was increased. The nitrate and nitrite content in AM fruit were significantly decreased than control fruit，but the content of soluble solids，total sugar and vitamin C in AM fruit became higher than control fruit，so the nutrient quality of muskmelon were improved by AM Fungi inoculation. From the root AM fungi colonization ratio between GM and GV，the GM is screened to be the best AM fungi strains to inoculate muskmelon，and the suitable host muskmelon varieties are Fenglei and Zhongmi 5.
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• Construction of cDNA Library from Cucumber Leaves Infection by Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Screening of Resistance-related Genes
• WANG Li-juan;NIU De;SUN Cai-yu;and QIN Zhi-wei;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1775-1782.
• Abstract ( 1621 ) HTML ( 1449 ) PDF (480KB) ( 1449 ) 　　　
• Total RNA was extracted from the leaves of the disease-resistant cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）cultivar‘649’challenged by Pseudoperonospora cubensis using the modified SDS method. And then，a full-length cDNA library was constructed. The results showed that the primary titer of the constructed cDNA library was 5.5 × 106 pfu • mL-1，and titer of the amplified library was 6.5 × 109 pfu • mL-1. The recombination rate was about 99%. The size of inserted cDNA fragment ranged from 0.5 kb to 2.0 kb，majority at about 1.0 kb. Sequencing analysis showed that 2 507 unigenes，included 211 contigs and 2 296 singlets were identified in the 3 360 ESTs derived from the cDNA library. The result of the bioinformatics analysis indicated that there were 427 plant defense/resistance-related genes including two type resistance genes and programmed cell death related genes. The discovery of these genes provides an important reference for further studying cucumber disease resistance mechanism and cloning resistance related genes.
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• Effect of Polyamine Priming on Seed Vigor and Seedling Chilling Tolerance in Eggplant
• ZHANG Yan-ping;LIU Hai-he;SHEN Shu-xing;&#;ZHANG Cheng-he;and ZHANG Xin-e
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1783-1788.
• Abstract ( 2201 ) HTML ( 1527 ) PDF (243KB) ( 1527 ) 　　　
• Effects of Spd and Spm treatments on eggplant（Solanum melongena L.）seed vigor and seedling chilling tolerance were studied under chilling stress. Seeds of eggplant hybrid‘Fengyan 2’were soaked with 0.25 mmol • L-1 of Spd and Spm，respectively for 24 h in dark under 10 ℃，15 ℃ and 25 ℃，and the control was not treated with Spd and Spm. The seed vigor indices and seedling chilling tolerance indices between treatment and untreatment were investigated and compared. Results showed that Spd and Spm treatments significantly improved seed vigor and seeding growth，raised the activities of POD，CAT and SOD，increased soluble protein and Pro contents，and decreased membrane permeability and MDA contents. The results suggested that Spd and Spm played a vital role in promoting eggplant seed vigor and seedling chilling tolerance.
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• Studies on the Induction of 2n Gamete in Chinese Cabbage and the Production of Tetraploid by Sexual Polyploidization
• ZHONG Cheng;ZHANG Shu-ning;YU Xu-hong;LI Ying;HOU Xi-lin;and LI Shi-jun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1789-1795.
• Abstract ( 1818 ) HTML ( 1256 ) PDF (894KB) ( 1256 ) 　　　
• Taking 11 strains screened from 165 cabbages（2n = 2x = 20）as the materials，which contain the 2n gamete，and the buds of them were treated with different concentration of the colchicines to induce the production of higher 2n gamete；The sexual polyploidization were carried out by the female parent of the tetraploid male-sterile line and it，and the tetraploid was obtained by screening the F1 progeny. Results show that：The optimum condition for the induction of 2n gamete was injecting 5–10 μL 0.20% colchicine into the bud at 3 mm length for once time. The induction frequency of 2n male gamete was 20.20%，which was 3.63 times of the control，untreated with colchicin processing of the plants. In the 80 F1 hybrid progeny，14 plants were identified as tetraploid plants（2n = 4x = 40）by chromosome counting technology. The ratio was about 17.5%. Compared with the diploid plant，the production of tetraploid by sexual polyploidization showed gigantism in plant，stomata，and flowering organs，while the density of stomata and fecundity were decreased remarkably.
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Ornamental Plants

• Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Peony Seedlings under Salt Stress
• GUO Shao-xia;CHEN Dan-ming;and LIU Run-jin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1796-1802.
• Abstract ( 2057 ) HTML ( 1181 ) PDF (243KB) ( 1181 ) 　　　
• The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM）fungi on antioxidant enzyme activity in peony （Paeonia suffruticosa）seedlings inoculated with Glomus mosseae or G. versiforme，and grown under the condition of four levels of artificial seawater（0，8%，16% and 24%）were studied. The experimental results showed that mycorrhizal dependence（MD）of peony seedlings in treatment with 8% salt was the highest，and MD of peony seedlings inoculated with G. mosseae was 172% significantly higher than that with G. versiforme（150%）. Thirty days after salt stress with 8% salt concentration，the dry weight，leaf relative water content，leaf superoxide dismutase activity，peroxidase activity，peroxidase activity，catalase activity of peony seedlings inoculated with G. mosseae and G. versiforme were 0.51 g and 0.45 g，80.5% and 78.5%，4.72 and 4.46 U • g-1，60.3 and 57.4 U • min-1 • g-1，51.3 and 47.2 U • min-1 • g-1，respectively，and significantly higher than control. The similar trends were given under 16% and 24% salt concentration. As time prolonged under salt stress condition，SOD and CAT activities increased first but decreased afterwards，while POD activities showed an increasing trend. AM fungi could increase activities of the antioxidant enzyme system. Thus，the salt tolerance of mycorrhizal seedlings was enhanced. Glomus mosseae was the superior.
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• Pathogen Identification of Gerbera Powdery Mildew and Its Control Experiment with Verticillium lecanii
• LIU Fang;GAO Yuan;ZHANG Jing-yi;and LIU Hong-xia
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1803-1810.
• Abstract ( 1844 ) HTML ( 1867 ) PDF (525KB) ( 1867 ) 　　　
• The pathogen of powdery mildew on gerbera is not clearly understood in China. Pathogenic testing，morphological and DNA sequence analyses identified pathogen of powdery mildew in Shandong province as Sphaerotheca fusca. Biological characteristics testing of S. fusca conidiophores indicated the optimal germination temperature was 25 ℃，the propriety of pH for germination was 6.0，and high humidity was needed for conidiophores germination. The curative effect of Verticillium lecanii on gerbera infected with powdery mildew and prohibitive effect on conidiophores germination was determined. The results showed that conidiophores concentration 2.6–3.3 g • L-1 of Verticillium lecanii could prohibit conidiophores germination and control gerbera powdery mildew disease effectively.
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• Digital Description of the Ornamental Crabapple’s Leaf， Fruit and Flower Color
• LI Xin;SHEN Xiang;ZHANG Xian-xian;and ZHAO Jing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1811-1817.
• Abstract ( 1634 ) HTML ( 1198 ) PDF (298KB) ( 1198 ) 　　　
• The computer information technology combined with digital images were used to describe ornamental crabapple’s flower，fruit and leaf color，so as to describes the ornamental crabapple’s characteristics more accurately and scientifically. We extracted pattern parameters of CMYK separately in the typical color region from leaves，fruits，flowers and new shoot’s leaf using Photoshop CS3，then，determined the color percentage of C，M，Y，K. The results indicated that the ornamental crabapple’s color could be represented by the percentage of C，M，Y，K，and could be observed the differences between existing varieties and new varieties easily. Digital technology was used to describe ornamental crabapple’s leaf，fruit，flower and new shoot color，so as to provides a basis for breeding new varieties，through this method we can restore the plant’s color scientifically and accurately，and reflect the differences between varieties easily.
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Other Horticulture Plants

• Cytoembryological Studies in the Development of Endosperm and Embryo in Plantago major L.
• SHEN Jia-heng;LI Wei;YU Chun-guang;LI Ran-li;FANG Yu;FAN Qing-ying;and KONG Yan-hui
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1818-1828.
• Abstract ( 1714 ) HTML ( 1039 ) PDF (2685KB) ( 1039 ) 　　　
• The experiment was conducted by means of routine paraffin-embedded sectioning technique to offer some information for embryology and taxonomy of Plantaginaceae. The results were as follows：Mature megagametophyte was of Polygonum-type with 7 cells and 7 nuclei. Fertilization resulted in zygote and primary endosperm nucleus. Development of endosperm was of Cellular-type，as the first division of primary endosperm nucleus separated a micropylar and chalazal chamber. The micropylar chamber turned into 2- or 4-celled by one or two vertical division at right angle to each other，then a transverse division in each cell formed 4 or 8 cells arranged in two tiers. Each cell of the micropylar tier （2 or 4 cells） developed into a one-nucleated micropylar haustorium，and the other 2 or 4 cells of the lower tier gave rise to a endosperm proper surrounding embryo. Meanwhile the chalazal chamber developed into a binucleate haustorium by mitosis without division of cytoplasm. Haustorium absorbed and transformed nutrition from integument and chalaza to endosperm proper. The embryogeny conformed to Onagrad type，and mature seed developed from proembryo-heart–torpedo-cotyledon stage. Integument tapetum was well-developed. Relative nuclear DNA content of nuclei was measured by flow cytometry which showed that embryo was diploid and endosperm was triploid.
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Research Notes

• Cross Compatibility Among Different Cultivars of Actinidia chinensis Planch
• JIA Ai-ping;WANG Fei;ZHANG Chao-hong;YAO Chun-chao;and LIU Xu-feng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1829-1835.
• Abstract ( 1831 ) HTML ( 1267 ) PDF (416KB) ( 1267 ) 　　　
• Pollen viability was observed by culture method. Cross compatibility among different cultivars was determined using fluorescence microscope. Fruit setting rate resulted from different combinations of crossing was calculated. Results showed that the sequency of male kiwifruit trees pollen viability of four cultivars from the highest to the lowest was Chuyuan M4，Xiangping 83-3，Jinkui and Kuimi. Crossing among these cultivars resulted in a quick recognition reaction，more pollen attachment，and high compatibility，germination and fruit setting rate. Among the 24 crossing combinations，Jinkui × Chuyuan M4 produced the highest compatibility index（924.61） with 94.44% of fruit setting rate，while the lowest compatibility was observed in Zaoxian × Jinkui（417.44 of compatibility index and 71.11% of fruit setting rate）. These data demonstrated that cross compatibility and fruit setting rate varied among different cultivars，and cross compatibility index had close correlation with fruit setting rate. Therefore，the selection of pollinizer has significant importance in practical production of kiwifruit.
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• Reflecting Film Mulch Around Tree Trunks Reduces Acidity of Loquat Ripe Fruits
• CHEN Fa-xing;LIU Xing-hui;WU De-yi;and CHEN Li-song;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1836-1842.
• Abstract ( 1633 ) HTML ( 1231 ) PDF (256KB) ( 1231 ) 　　　
• Effects of reflecting film mulch around tree trunks on titratable acidity（TA），organic acid content and acid-metabolizing enzyme activity in the pulp during the fruit development and total soluble solid（TSS）content in the ripe pulp were investigated，using 15-year-old‘Jiefangzhong’loquat[Eriobotrya japonica（Thunb.）Lindl.] trees. Reflecting film mulch significantly increased ripe pulp TSS content and reduced its TA. At the early stages of fruit development，the increase in both TA and malate content was faster in reflecting film-treated pulp than in control，and reflecting film-treated pulp had higher TA and malate content；At the later stages，the decrease in both TA and malate content was faster in reflecting film-treated pulp than in control，and reflecting film-treated ripe pulp had lower TA and malate content. Malate was the major organic acid determining ripe pulp acidity. Reflecting film mulch induced decrease in ripe pulp acidity mainly resulted from the reduction in malate content. At the early stages of fruit development，the increase in both phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase（PEPC）and NAD-malate Dehydrogenase（NAD-MDH）activities and the decrease in NADP-malic enzyme（NADP-ME）activity were faster in reflecting film-treated pulp than in control，and reflecting film-treated pulp had higher PEPC and NAD-MDH activities and lower NADP-ME activity；At the later stages，the decrease in both PEPC and NAD-MDH activities and the increase in NADP-ME activity were faster in reflecting film-treated pulp than in control，and reflecting film-treated ripe pulp had lower PEPC and NAD-MDH activities and higher NADP-ME activity. The reduction in malate content in reflecting film-treated ripe pulp was probably caused by decreased malate biosynthesis and increased malate degradation.
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• Studies on Transformation of Cauliflower with Disease Resistance-related Transcription Factor Gene（Pti4）
• WANG Ya-qin;CHEN Chun-feng;ZHU Yan-cai;LEI Jian-jun;CHEN Guo-ju;and CAO Bi-hao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1843-1850.
• Abstract ( 1638 ) HTML ( 1763 ) PDF (465KB) ( 1763 ) 　　　
• The disease resistance-related transcription factor Pti4 is a kind of protein isolated from tomato which can regulate the transcription of disease-resistance gene Pto. In this paper，Pti4 was transferred into the hypocotyls of cauliflower（Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.）mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens，and the transgenic plants were detected by PCR，PCR-Southern blot，Southern blot and the inoculation assay of bacterial soft rot and black rot. The results indicated that the optimal conditions for induction and differentiation of adventitious buds were 5–7 day-old seedling，coupled with MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg • L-1 NAA and 2.0 mg • L-1 6-BA. Furthermore，35 positive transgenic plants were obtained and confirmed by molecular detection，which approved that the disease resistance-related transcription factor gene Pti4 was integrated into cauliflower genome. Among them，26 transgenic plants were more resistant than non-transgenic ones in disease-resistance assay.
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• Effects of Different Packaging Material on Active Oxygen Metabolism of Flammulina velutipes During Cold Storage
• BIAN Xiao-lin;ZHANG Yan-fen;FENG Li;and XIAO Hong-mei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1851-1856.
• Abstract ( 1695 ) HTML ( 1390 ) PDF (406KB) ( 1390 ) 　　　
• Postharvested Flammulina velutipes were packed with nano-packaging material or polyethylene（PE）material，and then stored at（2 ± 1）℃. To explore the right atmosphere conditions of cold storage for F. velutipes，O2 and CO2 contents of different packages and active oxygen metabolism were detected，and the changes of the quality were observed. The results showed that nano package could maintain hypoxia and hypercapnia storage environment（CO2 11.5%，O2 1.6%），so as to keep the appearance of mushroom quality，prolong the storage time from 12 to 20 days. Meanwhile，the microenvironment of nano package effectively inhibited the levels of superoxide anion and hydrogen perotride（H2O2），and decreased malonaldehyde（MDA）content，while enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD），catalase（CAT），peroxidase（POD）and ascorbate peroxidase（APX）. It suggested the condition of CO2 11.5% and O2 1.6% is better than CO2 9.7% and O2 2.4% for F. velutipes cold storage.
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• Pollen Morphology，Vitality and Storage Capacity of Camellia rosthorniana Hand.-Mazz.
• XU Lin;DU Ke-bing;CHEN Fa-zhi;;and BAO Man-zhu;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1857-1862.
• Abstract ( 1660 ) HTML ( 1290 ) PDF (418KB) ( 1290 ) 　　　
• The pollen morphology of Camellia rosthorniana Hand.-Mazz. was investigated under scanning electronic microscope（SEM），and as the pollen vitality and storage capacity of the pollens were characterized by using in vitro culture. Results indicated that flat spherical pollen of C. rosthorniana was in accordance with the general characters of pollen morphology of the genus Camellia. However，the pollen morphology of C. rosthorniana was obviously different from other species in Sect. Theopsis Coh. St. in equatorial view，polar view，apocolpium，colpus membrane，and cap of aperture. Therefore，C. rosthorniana should occupy special taxonomic status in the genus Camellia. Germination rate of fresh pollens of C. rosthorniana was up to 94.28% on liquid medium supplemented with 100 mg • L-1 H3BO3 and 200 g • L-1 sucrose after 48 h. Up to 85.28% germination rate was still observed in dried pollens after 60 d storage under 4 ℃，which could be used in solving the problem of asynchronous flowering time with C. japonica in cross breeding.
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Review

• A Review on Introgression Line（IL）Populations and Their Use in Tomato
• ZHANG Chun-zhi;LIU Lei;SUN Yu-yan;CHI Qing-yong;XU Guang;GAN Zhong-xiang;ZHOU Guo-long;and LI Jun-ming;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1863-1872.
• Abstract ( 1934 ) HTML ( 2016 ) PDF (254KB) ( 2016 ) 　　　
• Research progresses on tomato introgression line（IL）populations were reviewed in this paper，including mapping of QTLs for biotic and abiotic stresses，fruit quality，yield and yield-related traits，genetic analysis and interaction of QTLs，fine mapping，gene/QTLs cloning and pyramiding，and metabolomics. Finally the problems and prospective were discussed when IL populations were used.
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New Cultivars

• A New Grape Cultivar‘Shennong Shuofeng’with Big Berry and Disease Resistance
• GUO Xiu-wu;LI Cheng-xiang;GUO Yin-shan;LI Yi-hui;GAO Xiu-yan;ZHOU Xing-ben;and LI Kun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1873-1874.
• Abstract ( 1615 ) HTML ( 1058 ) PDF (192KB) ( 1058 ) 　　　
• ‘Shennong Shuofeng’ is a mid-early maturing grape cultivar derived from the self progenies of ‘Zizhenxiang’. The berry is oval，with purplish red color. Its average weight of fruit cluster is 527 g，and the average weight of single berry is 13.3 g. The soluble solids and titratable acid contents are 18.1% and 0.74% respectively. The berry has an excellent quality with a strong fragrance. The ripening period of berry is from late August to early September in Shenyang. It has a high yield，early bearing and a extreme disease resistance.
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• A New Excellent Mid-maturing Grape Cultivar‘Qiuheibao’
• MA Xiao-he;TANG Xiao-ping;CHEN Jun;ZHAO Qi-feng;and DONG Zhi-gang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1875-1876.
• Abstract ( 2012 ) HTML ( 1185 ) PDF (176KB) ( 1185 ) 　　　
• ‘Qiuheibao’is a new mid-maturing Europe-Asia tetraploid grape cultivar which is selected from first cross‘Guibao’（diploid）בQiuhong’（diploid）then double the chromosome with induction of colchicine by pomology institute. Its cluster is large and conical with the average weight of 437 g. The berries are oblong with the average weight 7.13 g and black purple in color. The flesh is soft，sweet with rose flavor. Its fruit quality is rather good with 1–2 big seed，soluble solids content 23.40%，total sugar 19.96% and acid 0.40%. The ratio between sugar and acid is 49.9︰1. The total maturity of fruit is in the middle and end of August. Its vines are normal，easy to form flower，with good adaptability to environment and high disease-resistance.
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• The New Yellow Apple Cultivar‘Huayue’
• YANG Zhen-ying;KANG Guo-dong;WANG Qiang;XUE Guang-rong;ZHANG Li-yi;TIAN Yi;YANG Ling;ZHANG Cai-xia;LI Wu-xing;and CONG Pei-hua;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1877-1878.
• Abstract ( 1916 ) HTML ( 979 ) PDF (165KB) ( 979 ) 　　　
• The new apple cultivar‘Huayue’is derived from the crossing‘Golden Delicious’בHuafu’. The average fruit weight is 230 g. It has oblong shape and yellow surface with flush on sunnyside. The flesh and flavor is similar to‘Fuji’. The cultivar has resistance to hardness，early defoliation diseases and fruit ring rot.
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• A New Middle-late Ripening Peach Cultivar‘Cuihong’
• XUE Xiao-min;WANG Jin-zheng;ZHANG An-ning;and WANG Chang-jun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1879-1880.
• Abstract ( 1362 ) HTML ( 842 ) PDF (161KB) ( 842 ) 　　　
• ‘Cuihong’peach is derived from the species of natural hybrid seedling of‘White Lady’which was introduced from the United States. The fruit is big，flat round in shape with the average fruit weight 235.8 g. The whole fruit surface is red. The dense flesh is hard and sweet.‘Cuihong’peach mature in early August，which is a new middle-late ripening cultivar，with the comprehensive economic traits of good quality.
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• A New Spring Cabbage Hybrid‘Zhonggan 192’
• ZHUANG Mu;FANG Zhi-yuan;LIU Yu-mei;YANG Li-mei;ZHANG Yang-yong;and SUN Pei-tian
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1881-1882.
• Abstract ( 1709 ) HTML ( 1116 ) PDF (169KB) ( 1116 ) 　　　
• ‘Zhonggan 192’is a hybrid cabbage developed by female parent of cytoplasmic male sterile line CMS87-534 and male parent of inbred line 88-62-1-1. It is about 60 days from transplanting to harvest in open field in spring. It is round head，tolerant to head splitting，with 1.3 kg of the single head mass，and good quality. It is suitable for planting in spring in north，northeast，northwest，and Yunnan Province of China.
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• A New Kidney Bean Cultivar‘Liyun 1’
• DING Chao-hong;HUA Jin-wei;LIU Ting-fu;and LI Han-mei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1883-1884.
• Abstract ( 1595 ) HTML ( 938 ) PDF (184KB) ( 938 ) 　　　
• ‘Liyun 1’is a new kidney bean cultivar which was selected from the hybrids of ‘Honghua Heizi’בBlack Pearl’. It has excellent characteristics such as early-maturing，light green skin，un-fibrosis，glutinous. The pod is 17.2 cm long，1.1 cm wide，0.9 cm thick. The pod contains crude fiber 0.9%，crude protein 1.35%，vitamin C 187 mg • kg-1，soluble solids 7.50%. The yield is about 24 995.7 kg • hm-2. It is tolerant to high temperature and drought.
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• A New Lotus Root Cultivar‘Elian 7’
• KE Wei-dong;LIU Yi-man;HUANG Xin-fang;LI Feng;PENG Jing;ZHU Hong-lian;and HUANG Lai-chun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1885-1886.
• Abstract ( 6101 ) HTML ( 1409 ) PDF (178KB) ( 1409 ) 　　　
• ‘Elian 7’（also named‘Pearl Lotus Root’）is a new early-maturing lotus root cultivar selected from the self-pollinated progenies of‘Elian 5’by Wuhan Vegetable Research Institute. The enlarged internodes are in short-tubular shape，which have yellowish-white smooth skin and thick flesh. The top internode’s shape of the enlarged rhizome is obtuse. The single entire enlarged rhizome weighs 2.5 kg while its main enlarged rhizome has 5–7 internodes and weighs 1.6 kg averagely. The yield of green-leaf rhizome is about 15 000 kg • hm-2 in mid-July and that of matured rhizome is about 28 500 kg • hm-2 in early-September. The advantages of this cultivar are early maturing，high yield and good commercial qualities.
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• A New Hybrid Cultivar‘Shenxiang 16’in Lentinula edodes
• SONG Chun-yan;LIU De-yun;SHANG Xiao-dong;TAN Qi;and XIANG Shou-nan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1887-1888.
• Abstract ( 2257 ) HTML ( 1209 ) PDF (153KB) ( 1209 ) 　　　
• Protoplast monokaryons prepared from Lentinula edodes，strains 939 and 135，were intercrossed using symmetric hybridization and asymmetric hybridization methods. ‘Shenxiang 16’was selected among those 79 hybrid offspring strains through multi-year and multi-sites trails. The results showed that the stipe length of‘Shenxiang 16’is shorter than the parent strain 939. The resistance and yield of‘Shenxiang 16’were better than the parent strain 135. The new cultivar has excellent characteristics such as good quality，high yield，and high proportion of exports. It is easily managed with high adaptability.
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• A New Cajanus cajan Cultivar‘CAF3’
• MA Hong;LI Zheng-hong;LIU Xiu-xian;GU Yong;WAN You-ming;LI Li;and LIANG Ning
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2010, 37(11): 1889-1890.
• Abstract ( 1404 ) HTML ( 855 ) PDF (212KB) ( 855 ) 　　　
• ‘CAF3’is a new cultivar of Cajanus cajan，bred from offspring of F1 of hybrid pigeonpea cultivar‘ICPH3432’which was introduced from India. Single plant selection and group selection were applied into the breeding course. Its growth period ranges 159–162 days and average number of pod per plant is（470.1 ± 177.1）；each pod contains（3.5 ± 0.3）beans；100-seed weight is（8.99 ± 0.53）g；total seed weight per plant is up to（104.17 ± 25.65）g.
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