Abstract: In order to identify molecular markers loci related to quality traits of flowering Chinese cabbage and promote marker-assisted breeding in flowering Chinese cabbage，84 polymorphic SSRs were used to genotype and analyze genetic diversity of 81 flowering Chinese cabbage accessions. Association analysis between genotypic data and six quality traits was performed by the method of MLM（mixed linear model）in Tassel 3.0. The results showed that 310 alleles were detected in 81 accessions，and the polymorphic information content（PIC）ranged from 0.1878 to 0.9902，with an average values of 0.6119. The genetic similarity coefficient（GS）of 81 flowering Chinese cabbage accessions was between 0.4742 to 0.8958，with an average of 0.6294. These accessions could be clustered into four groups at the GS value of 0.596. A total of 10 loci associated with quality traits were detected at P < 0.01 level by association analysis， with explained variance ranging from 8.59% to 11.50%，of which 5 loci had positive effect on phenotype traits，and the rest were negative effect. Based on the results of elite alleles analysis，11 typical materials with 4–8 elite alleles were identified. These elite alleles could be useful for marker-assisted selection breeding in flowering Chinese cabbage.

Key words: flowering Chinese cabbage, quality traits, SSR marker, association analysis