Effects of Foliar Spraying of Nano-selenium on Amino Acid Content and Metabolome of Kiwifruit

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0541

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (6): 1575-1587.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0541

• Cultivation?Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of Foliar Spraying of Nano-selenium on Amino Acid Content and Metabolome of Kiwifruit

LIU Yanan¹, BAO Dandan¹, ZHANG Sipu², NIU Jiajia², XU Zhifei³, YANG Yongfeng³, and LU Yunfeng¹^,^*()

¹ School of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering，Nanyang Normal University，Nanyang，Henan 473061，China
² Institute of Horticulture，Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Zhengzhou 450002，China
³ Henan Funiushan Biotechnology Co.，Ltd.，Nanyang，Henan 474350，China

Received:2024-08-08 Revised:2025-04-07 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-06-20
Contact: and LU Yunfeng

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effects and mechanisms of nano-selenium on the amino acid nutritional components of kiwifruit，‘Xuxiang’kiwifruit was used as the experimental material，with foliar spraying of nano-selenium at concentrations of 0，10，15，20，and 25 mg · L^-1. The changes in amino acid content were measured，and metabolomics sequencing of kiwifruit was performed. The results showed that after foliar spraying with 15 mg · L^-1 nano-selenium，the content of threonine，valine，isoleucine，leucine，phenylalanine，and other amino acids significantly increased，with a higher proportion of umami amino acids. A non-targeted metabolomics analysis identified 12 861 metabolites. Through KEGG and HMDB databases，the biosynthesis and metabolism of lipids and lipophilic molecules，phenylpropanoids，polyketides，and organic oxygen compounds in mature kiwifruit were further analyzed. The metabolites were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways related to amino acid metabolism，secondary metabolites，terpenoid compounds，and polyketide metabolism. Nano-selenium may increase the amino acid content in kiwifruit by stimulating secondary metabolic levels.

Key words: kiwifruit, nano-selenium, amino acids, nutritional evaluation, metabolomics

LIU Yanan, BAO Dandan, ZHANG Sipu, NIU Jiajia, XU Zhifei, YANG Yongfeng, and LU Yunfeng. Effects of Foliar Spraying of Nano-selenium on Amino Acid Content and Metabolome of Kiwifruit[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(6): 1575-1587.

Figures/Tables 11

References 34

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纳米硒/（mg · L^-1） Nano-selenium	苏氨酸Thr	缬氨酸Val	蛋氨酸Met	异亮氨酸Ile	亮氨酸Leu	苯丙氨酸Phe	赖氨酸Lys
0（对照Control）	0.53 ± 0.01 b	0.51 ± 0 b	0.14 ± 0.01 ab	0.47 ± 0.02 b	0.54 ± 0.01 b	0.42 ± 0 b	0.61 ± 0.01 b
10	0.48 ± 0.02 c	0.48 ± 0.01 b	0.13 ± 0.01 bc	0.44 ± 0 c	0.50 ± 0 d	0.39 ± 0 c	0.55 ± 0.01 d
15	0.55 ± 0 a	0.59 ± 0.03 a	0.15 ± 0 a	0.52 ± 0.02 a	0.60 ± 0.01 a	0.47 ± 0 a	0.67 ± 0.02 a
20	0.52 ± 0.01 b	0.50 ± 0 b	0.14 ± 0 ab	0.46 ± 0 bc	0.52 ± 0.01 c	0.42 ± 0.02 b	0.58 ± 0.01 c
25	0.43 ± 0.01 d	0.44 ± 0 c	0.12 ± 0 c	0.40 ± 0 d	0.45 ± 0.01 e	0.36 ± 0.01 d	0.50 ± 0 e
平均Average	0.50	0.50	0.14	0.46	0.52	0.41	0.58

纳米硒/（mg · L^-1） Nano-selenium	苏氨酸Thr	缬氨酸Val	蛋氨酸Met	异亮氨酸Ile	亮氨酸Leu	苯丙氨酸Phe	赖氨酸Lys
0（对照Control）	0.53 ± 0.01 b	0.51 ± 0 b	0.14 ± 0.01 ab	0.47 ± 0.02 b	0.54 ± 0.01 b	0.42 ± 0 b	0.61 ± 0.01 b
10	0.48 ± 0.02 c	0.48 ± 0.01 b	0.13 ± 0.01 bc	0.44 ± 0 c	0.50 ± 0 d	0.39 ± 0 c	0.55 ± 0.01 d
15	0.55 ± 0 a	0.59 ± 0.03 a	0.15 ± 0 a	0.52 ± 0.02 a	0.60 ± 0.01 a	0.47 ± 0 a	0.67 ± 0.02 a
20	0.52 ± 0.01 b	0.50 ± 0 b	0.14 ± 0 ab	0.46 ± 0 bc	0.52 ± 0.01 c	0.42 ± 0.02 b	0.58 ± 0.01 c
25	0.43 ± 0.01 d	0.44 ± 0 c	0.12 ± 0 c	0.40 ± 0 d	0.45 ± 0.01 e	0.36 ± 0.01 d	0.50 ± 0 e
平均Average	0.50	0.50	0.14	0.46	0.52	0.41	0.58

纳米硒/ （mg · L^-1） Nano-selenium	天冬氨酸 Asp	丝氨酸 Ser	谷氨酸 Glu	甘氨酸 Gly	丙氨酸 Ala	酪氨酸 Tyr	组氨酸 His	精氨酸 Arg	脯氨酸 Pro
0（对照Control）	1.03 ± 0.02 b	0.46 ± 0.01 ab	1.70 ± 0.01 b	0.53 ± 0 b	0.46 ± 0 b	0.36 ± 0 b	0.23 ± 0 ab	0.55 ± 0 b	0.37 ± 0.01 b
10	0.98 ± 0.02 c	0.42 ± 0.03 c	1.63 ± 0.03 c	0.48 ± 0.01 c	0.41 ± 0.02 d	0.33 ± 0.01 c	0.22 ± 0.01 bc	0.62 ± 0.10 b	0.33 ± 0.01 d
15	1.12 ± 0.03 a	0.49 ± 0 a	1.94 ± 0.03 a	0.56 ± 0.01 a	0.48 ± 0.01 a	0.40 ± 0.01 a	0.26 ± 0.01 a	0.85 ± 0.02 a	0.38 ± 0.01 a
20	1.02 ± 0.03 bc	0.45 ± 0 bc	1.63 ± 0 c	0.52 ± 0.01 b	0.43 ± 0 c	0.36 ± 0.01 b	0.24 ± 0 ab	0.54 ± 0 bc	0.35 ± 0 c
25	0.86 ± 0.01 d	0.38 ± 0.03 d	1.40 ± 0 d	0.44 ± 0.04 d	0.38 ± 0 e	0.30 ± 0.02 d	0.20 ± 0.03 c	0.45 ± 0.01 c	0.30 ± 0 e
平均Average	1.00	0.44	1.66	0.51	0.43	0.35	0.23	0.60	0.35

纳米硒/ （mg · L^-1） Nano-selenium	天冬氨酸 Asp	丝氨酸 Ser	谷氨酸 Glu	甘氨酸 Gly	丙氨酸 Ala	酪氨酸 Tyr	组氨酸 His	精氨酸 Arg	脯氨酸 Pro
0（对照Control）	1.03 ± 0.02 b	0.46 ± 0.01 ab	1.70 ± 0.01 b	0.53 ± 0 b	0.46 ± 0 b	0.36 ± 0 b	0.23 ± 0 ab	0.55 ± 0 b	0.37 ± 0.01 b
10	0.98 ± 0.02 c	0.42 ± 0.03 c	1.63 ± 0.03 c	0.48 ± 0.01 c	0.41 ± 0.02 d	0.33 ± 0.01 c	0.22 ± 0.01 bc	0.62 ± 0.10 b	0.33 ± 0.01 d
15	1.12 ± 0.03 a	0.49 ± 0 a	1.94 ± 0.03 a	0.56 ± 0.01 a	0.48 ± 0.01 a	0.40 ± 0.01 a	0.26 ± 0.01 a	0.85 ± 0.02 a	0.38 ± 0.01 a
20	1.02 ± 0.03 bc	0.45 ± 0 bc	1.63 ± 0 c	0.52 ± 0.01 b	0.43 ± 0 c	0.36 ± 0.01 b	0.24 ± 0 ab	0.54 ± 0 bc	0.35 ± 0 c
25	0.86 ± 0.01 d	0.38 ± 0.03 d	1.40 ± 0 d	0.44 ± 0.04 d	0.38 ± 0 e	0.30 ± 0.02 d	0.20 ± 0.03 c	0.45 ± 0.01 c	0.30 ± 0 e
平均Average	1.00	0.44	1.66	0.51	0.43	0.35	0.23	0.60	0.35

纳米硒/（mg · L^-1） Nano-selenium	氨基酸总量（T） Total amino acid	必需氨基酸（E） Essential amino acid	非必需氨基酸（N） Non-essential amino acid	E/N%	E/T%
0（对照Control）	8.91 ± 0.02 b	3.23	5.69	56.70	36.18
10	8.40 ± 0.08 d	2.97	5.43	54.76	35.38
15	10.03 ± 0.07 a	3.55	6.49	54.68	35.35
20	8.70 ± 0.01 c	3.15	5.55	56.68	36.18
25	7.41 ± 0.04 e	2.70	4.71	57.30	36.43
平均Average	8.69	3.12	5.57	56.02	35.90

Effects of Foliar Spraying of Nano-selenium on Amino Acid Content and Metabolome of Kiwifruit

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纳米硒/ （mg · L^-1） Nano-selenium	评价指标 Evaluation index	苏氨酸 Thr	缬氨酸Val	蛋氨酸 Met	异亮氨酸 Ile	亮氨酸Leu	苯丙氨酸 + 酪氨酸 Phe + Tyr	赖氨酸Lys	必需氨基酸比值系数分值SRC	必需氨基酸指数 EAAI
0（对照 Control）	RAA	1.47	1.14	0.45	1.33	0.87	1.35	1.25	47.70	1.27
0（对照 Control）	RC	1.31	1.02	0.40	1.18	0.78	1.20	1.11	47.70	1.27
10	RAA	1.43	1.14	0.44	1.32	0.85	1.32	1.20	44.64	1.26
10	RC	1.30	1.04	0.40	1.20	0.77	1.20	1.09	44.64	1.26
15	RAA	1.38	1.17	0.42	1.30	0.85	1.34	1.22	53.60	1.29
15	RC	1.26	1.06	0.39	1.19	0.77	1.22	1.19	53.60	1.29
20	RAA	1.50	1.15	0.46	1.32	0.86	1.38	1.21	45.95	1.27
20	RC	1.33	1.02	0.41	1.18	0.76	1.23	1.08	45.95	1.27
25	RAA	1.45	1.18	0.47	1.35	0.87	1.37	1.22	38.48	1.24
25	RC	1.28	1.05	0.41	1.19	0.77	1.21	1.08	38.48	1.24

类别 Classification	氨基酸 Amino acid	味觉阈值 Taste threshold	不同浓度（mg · L^-1）处理的RCT RCT of different treatments					平均 Average
类别 Classification	氨基酸 Amino acid	味觉阈值 Taste threshold	0	10	15	20	25	平均 Average
甜味氨基酸 Sweet amino acids	甘氨酸Gly	1.1	0.48	0.44	0.51	0.47	0.40	0.46
	丙氨酸Ala	6.0	0.76	0.68	0.80	0.72	0.63	0.72
	苏氨酸Asp	2.6	0.20	0.18	0.21	0.20	0.17	0.19
	丝氨酸Ser	1.5	0.31	0.28	0.33	0.30	0.25	0.29
	脯氨酸Pro	3.0	0.12	0.11	0.13	0.12	0.10	0.12
	组氨酸His	2.0	1.14	1.11	1.28	1.20	0.98	1.14
鲜味氨基酸 Delicate amino acids	天冬氨酸Asp	0.03	34.47	32.63	37.27	34.07	28.72	33.43
	谷氨酸Glu	0.05	34.01	32.69	38.76	32.67	27.97	33.22
	赖氨酸Lys	0.5	1.23	1.11	1.34	1.16	1.00	1.17
苦味氨基酸 Bitter amino acids	缬氨酸Val	1.5	0.34	0.32	0.39	0.33	0.29	0.34
	蛋氨酸Met	3.0	0.05	0.43	0.50	0.47	0.40	0.45
	异亮氨酸lle	0.9	0.53	0.49	0.58	0.51	0.45	0.51
	亮氨酸Leu	3.8	0.14	0.13	0.16	0.14	0.12	0.14
	精氨酸Arg	0.1	0.55	6.19	8.52	5.41	4.54	6.03
芳香族氨基酸 Aromatic amino acids	苯丙氨酸Phe	1.5	0.28	0.26	0.31	0.28	0.24	0.27
芳香族氨基酸 Aromatic amino acids	酪氨酸Tyr	2.6	0.14	0.13	0.16	0.14	0.12	0.14

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[2]	HAN Fei, LI Dawei, TIAN Hua, LÜ Haiyan, ZHANG Qi, ZHONG Caihong. A New Mid-Flowering Pollenizer of Kiwifruit Cultivar‘Moshanxiong 6’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(S1): 53-54.
[3]	HAN Fei, ZHANG Qiong, LI Dawei, LÜ Haiyan, LIU Xiaoli, TIAN Hua, ZHONG Caihong. A New Actinidia arguta Cultivar‘Zhongke Mizao Xiong 1’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(S1): 55-56.
[4]	XU Xiuxiu, YE Xinyu, SHI Bo, ZHANG Shujiang, ZHANG Shifan, LI Fei, LI Guoliang, SUN Rifei, WANG Shunli, SUN Huagang, ZHANG Hui. Analysis of Flavor Quality of Chinese Cabbage Yutian Baojian [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(5): 1364-1374.
[5]	LIU Yanfei, HE Xin, TIAN Ailin, LIU Zhande. A New High-Quality Kiwifruit Cultivar with Better Storability‘Jinfu’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(9): 2219-2220.
[6]	HAN Ying, DUAN Ying, NIU Yijie, LI Yansu, HE Chaoxing, SUN Mintao, WANG Jun, LI Qiang, CHEN Shuangchen, YAN Yan. Transcription Metabolic Mechanism of Humic Acid Biodegradable Plastic Film to Improving the Fruit Quality of Tomato in the Greenhouse [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(8): 1758-1772.
[7]	LI Wenyuan, LIN Menghua, LI Yahui, YU Quanqi, LIANG Ying, ZHANG Zhiyong. Advances in Metabolomics of Pear Fruit [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(7): 1595-1609.
[8]	DONG Xiaoke, CHEN Yuanlei, NIU Youyi, LIU Zhande, WANG Nannan. Leaf Nutrient Diagnosis of‘Xuxiang’Kiwifruit at Different Growth Stages for Achieving High and Stable Yield and High Quality [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(6): 1345-1360.
[9]	QIAO Chengkui, ZHUANG Ming, TIAN Fajun, WANG Caixia, PANG Tao, CHEN Ruxia, LI Xiaoguang, CHENG Xin, XIE Hanzhong. Degradation Behaviors and Dietary Risk Assessment of Flonicamid and Spirotetramat in Kiwifruit Plantations [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(6): 1386-1402.
[10]	LIU Yanfei, HE Xin, HE Haohao, LIU Zhande. A New Early-Ripening Yellow Flesh Actinidia chinensis Cultivar‘Heijin’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(11): 2725-2726.
[11]	TIAN Jie, ZHOU Qianyi, TIE Yuanyu, SUN Haihong, and HUANG Sijie. Metabolomic Analysis of Garlic Seedling Under Drought Stress [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(1): 133-144.
[12]	XU Xuhua, HUANG Wenjie, CHEN Xufeng, CHEN Yuanyuan, WU Shaowen, LI Hongjian, YAN Shijuan. Research on the Dynamic Change of Tea Quality-related Chemical Compositions During‘Danxia 2’Black Tea Processing [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(1): 145-161.
[13]	QI Yongjie , GAO Zhenghui , MA Na , GAO Xia , KE Fanjun , and XU Yiliu, . A New High-quality Drought-resistant Kiwifruit Cultivar‘Jinshan 1’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(S1): 29-30.
[14]	HE Bin, XU Qinchao, JI Xiaomei, WANG Xiaoling, ZHANG Wendong, CHENG Yunjiang, ZENG Yunliu. Progress of Application on Controlled Atmosphere Preservation Technology in Kiwifruit Storage and Preservation [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(9): 1916-1928.
[15]	JIA Bing, WANG Kecan, YE Zhenfeng, WANG Moucai, LIU Li, ZHU Liwu. A New Kiwifruit Cultivar‘Wanhuang’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(8): 1803-1804.