Effects of Different Growth Type Scions on Root Architecture of Self-rooted Young Apple Trees

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0771

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10): 2183-2191.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0771

• Cultivation Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of Different Growth Type Scions on Root Architecture of Self-rooted Young Apple Trees

ZHU Jie, LI Lu, SUN Mingfei, GAO Meina, LIANG Bowen, XU Jizhong, LI Zhongyong^*()

College of Horticulture，Hebei Agricultural University，Baoding，Hebei 071000，China

Received:2023-02-02 Revised:2023-07-03 Online:2023-10-25 Published:2023-10-30

Abstract

Abstract:

One-year-old apple seedlings with different scion-rootstock combinations，marked as‘Tianhong 2’（spur type）/‘Jizhen 2’，‘Tianhong 1’（standard type）/‘Jizhen 2’and‘Jizhen 2’/‘Jizhen 2’were used as experimental materials. The differences of root architecture and endogenous hormone content were measured to explore the effect of scion-rootstock combinations on root characteristics. The results showed that the shoot length，fresh weight of the aboveground and root system，and root-shoot ratio of‘Tianhong 1’/‘Jizhen 2’were the highest. The root activity of‘Tianhong 1’scion plants was significantly higher than that of‘Tianhong 2’scion plants and control plants. The root volume and root tip number of‘Tianhong 1’scion plant were the largest. The root length，surface area，average root diameter and root bifurcation number of the control plants were the largest. The content of IAA in leaves and the content of IAA，ZR and GA₃ in roots of‘Tianhong 1’scion plants were the highest. The relative expression levels of MdPIN1a，MdAUX1，MdARF7 and MdYUCCA10 in roots of‘Tianhong 1’/‘Jizhen 2’were higher than those of‘Jizhen 2’/‘Jizhen 2’and‘Tianhong 2’/‘Jizhen 2’. In conclusion，standard type Red Fuji‘Tianhong 1’grafted on the self-rootstock of‘Jizhen 2’had more vigorous tree growth than that of the spur type Red Fuji‘Tianhong 2’. The differences in the amount of auxin produced by the shoot tips of different growth types and the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of transport to the base are the main reasons for the differences in the root architecture of the same self-rooted rootstock. Moreover，ZR and GA₃ were involved in the formation process of apple root architecture.

Key words: apple, scion-rootstock combination, self-rooted rootstock, root architecture, auxin

ZHU Jie, LI Lu, SUN Mingfei, GAO Meina, LIANG Bowen, XU Jizhong, LI Zhongyong. Effects of Different Growth Type Scions on Root Architecture of Self-rooted Young Apple Trees[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(10): 2183-2191.

Figures/Tables 7

References 35

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基因名称Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	引物序列Primer sequence
Actin	LOC103453508	F：5′-GGATTTGCTGGTGATGATGCT-3′；R：5′-AGTTGCTCACTATGCCGTGCT-3′
PIN1a	LOC103455629	F：5′-CTCCGTCTCCACTCTGCCTAA-3′；R：5′-AGTCTTGCTCCTCGGTATTCG-3′
AUX1	LOC103437484	F：5′-ATGGACGACAGGGAGGAC-3′；R：5′-GGAGGAGGAAGAGTCCAC-3′
ARF7	LOC103450396	F：5′-TCGGCAGAGAAATGATGGGT-3′；R：5′-CCACCTGTTCGCTATGTCCT-3′
YUCCA10	LOC103432493	F：5′-GAAACAACTGACCCGTAT-3′；R：5′-CTAAGCAGAACCAGCAAA-3′

基因名称Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	引物序列Primer sequence
Actin	LOC103453508	F：5′-GGATTTGCTGGTGATGATGCT-3′；R：5′-AGTTGCTCACTATGCCGTGCT-3′
PIN1a	LOC103455629	F：5′-CTCCGTCTCCACTCTGCCTAA-3′；R：5′-AGTCTTGCTCCTCGGTATTCG-3′
AUX1	LOC103437484	F：5′-ATGGACGACAGGGAGGAC-3′；R：5′-GGAGGAGGAAGAGTCCAC-3′
ARF7	LOC103450396	F：5′-TCGGCAGAGAAATGATGGGT-3′；R：5′-CCACCTGTTCGCTATGTCCT-3′
YUCCA10	LOC103432493	F：5′-GAAACAACTGACCCGTAT-3′；R：5′-CTAAGCAGAACCAGCAAA-3′

接穗 Scion	新梢长度/cm Shoot length	地上部鲜质量/g Fresh weight of aboveground	根系鲜质量/g Fresh weight of root	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio
天红2号（短枝型）Tianhong 2（Spur type）	53.20 ± 6.42 b	37.47 ± 0.29 c	19.97 ± 2.93 c	0.53 ± 0.08 b
天红1号（普通型）Tianhong 1（Standard type）	119.40 ± 8.65 a	123.97 ± 13.51 a	116.80 ± 13.61 a	0.96 ± 0.03 a
冀砧2号（对照）Jizhen 2（Control）	112.00 ± 2.12 a	89.20 ± 7.00 b	54.97 ± 8.25 b	0.62 ± 0.11 b

接穗 Scion	新梢长度/cm Shoot length	地上部鲜质量/g Fresh weight of aboveground	根系鲜质量/g Fresh weight of root	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio
天红2号（短枝型）Tianhong 2（Spur type）	53.20 ± 6.42 b	37.47 ± 0.29 c	19.97 ± 2.93 c	0.53 ± 0.08 b
天红1号（普通型）Tianhong 1（Standard type）	119.40 ± 8.65 a	123.97 ± 13.51 a	116.80 ± 13.61 a	0.96 ± 0.03 a
冀砧2号（对照）Jizhen 2（Control）	112.00 ± 2.12 a	89.20 ± 7.00 b	54.97 ± 8.25 b	0.62 ± 0.11 b

接穗 Scion	长度/cm Length	表面积/cm² Surface area	体积/cm³ Volume	直径/mm Diameter	根尖数 Root tips number	分叉数 Bifurcation number	分形维数 Fractal dimension
天红2号（短枝型） Tianhong 2（Spur type）	786.93 ± 92.99 b	126.49 ± 16.42 b	2.78 ± 0.74 c	0.57 ± 0.03 b	1 707 ± 496 c	3 501 ± 562 b	1.67 ± 0.01 b
天红1号（普通型） Tianhong 1（Standard type）	2 405.67 ± 31.42 a	469.60 ± 3.48 a	13.49 ± 0.13 a	0.63 ± 0.03 a	5 998 ± 157 a	11 951 ± 661 a	1.78 ± 0.01 a
冀砧2号（对照） Jizhen 2（Control）	2 517.07 ± 85.91 a	479.44 ± 7.42 a	11.77 ± 0.53 b	0.67 ± 0.01 a	4 891 ± 148 b	13 050 ± 752 a	1.78 ± 0.01 a

Effects of Different Growth Type Scions on Root Architecture of Self-rooted Young Apple Trees

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接穗Scion	叶片 Leaf	根系 Root
接穗Scion	IAA	IAA	ZR	GA₃
天红2号（短枝型）Tianhong 2（Spur type）	57.02 ± 0.69 b	46.99 ± 0.01 c	4.61 ± 0.01 c	32.66 ± 0.03 c
天红1号（普通型）Tianhong 1（Standard type）	62.97 ± 0.04 a	48.98 ± 0.01 a	6.29 ± 0.01 a	35.32 ± 0.04 a
冀砧2号（对照）Jizhen 2（Control）	62.41 ± 0.02 a	47.42 ± 0.02 b	5.72 ± 0.01 b	33.70 ± 0.04 b

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