Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizers on Growth and Absorption and Accumulation of Mineral Elements and Cadmium in Potato

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0626

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (6): 1332-1342.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0626

• Cultivation Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizers on Growth and Absorption and Accumulation of Mineral Elements and Cadmium in Potato

GONG Danmin¹, CAI Linzhi¹, DING Ren¹, MA Yanyan¹, WANG Wanxin², XIONG Xingyao³^,^*(), HU Xinxi¹^,^*()

¹Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province，Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes， College of Horticulture，Hunan Agricultural University，Changsha 410128，China
²Institute of Vegetables and Flowers，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China
³Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Shenzhen，Guangdong 440307，China

Received:2022-09-24 Revised:2022-11-03 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-06-27
Contact: * （E-mail：hu_xinxi@126.com；xiongxingyao@caas.cn）

Abstract

Abstract:

The effects of potassium sulfate-type compound fertilizer（K₂SO₄），potassium chloride-type compound fertilizer（KCl）and the same amount of different forms of potassium fertilizer（K₂SO₄ + KCl）on the growth，yield，quality，absorption of mineral elements and cadmium of two potato varieties‘Xingjia 2’and‘Jizhangshu 12’were studied in winter paddy fields. The results showed that at 60 days after emergence，plant heights，stem diameters，the leaf SPAD values and biomasses of K₂SO₄treatment were significantly higher than those of KCl treatment，and those of K₂SO₄ + KCl treatment were between the two treatments. The contents of sulfur，nitrogen and phosphorus in the plants of K₂SO₄ treatment were the highest，while the contents of KCl treatment were the lowest. The content of chlorine and cadmium in plants treated with KCl was the highest，and that of K₂SO₄ treatment was the lowest.‘Xingjia 2’and‘Jizhangshu 12’of K₂SO₄ treatment had the highest yields，which were 31 442 kg · hm^-2 and 30 512 kg · hm^-2 respectively，and followed by K₂SO₄ + KCl treatment，and the KCl treatment had the lowest yields. The contents of protein，vitamin C and cadmium in tubers were significantly affected by the types of potassium fertilizers. The contents of protein and vitamin C of K₂SO₄ treatment were the highest，and those of KCl treatment were the lowest. However，the contents of cadmium in the tubers of KCl treatment were the highest，and those of K₂SO₄ treatment were the lowest. Therefore，compared with the KCl，and the K₂SO₄can promote the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by plants，reduces the absorption of cadmium，promotes plant growth，increases tuber yield，and improves tuber quality.

Key words: potato, potassium fertilizer, yield, mineral element, cadmium

CLC Number:

S532

GONG Danmin, CAI Linzhi, DING Ren, MA Yanyan, WANG Wanxin, XIONG Xingyao, HU Xinxi. Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizers on Growth and Absorption and Accumulation of Mineral Elements and Cadmium in Potato[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(6): 1332-1342.

Figures/Tables 7

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品种 Cultivar	K肥 K fertilizer	株高/cm Plant height		茎粗/mm Thick stem		叶片SPAD值 Leaf SPAD value		生物量/ g Biomass
品种 Cultivar	K肥 K fertilizer	35 d	60 d	35 d	60 d	35 d	60 d	60 d
兴佳2号 Xingjia 2	K₂SO₄	16.14 ± 1.20 a	36.07 ± 2.75 a	9.32 ± 0.75 a	11.27 ± 0.93 a	42.14 ± 0.93 a	45.28 ± 0.80 a	25.05 ± 0.22 a
	K₂SO₄+ KCl	14.59 ± 1.61 a	29.31 ± 0.86 b	8.72 ± 0.74 a	10.61 ± 0.90 a	37.98 ± 4.20 a	42.66 ± 0.16 b	21.89 ± 1.01 b
	KCl	16.49 ± 1.83 a	27.15 ± 2.90 b	8.28 ± 0.66 a	9.78 ± 0.85 a	40.28 ± 0.44 a	41.08 ± 0.64 c	13.04 ± 2.14 c
冀张薯12号 Jizhangshu 12	K₂SO₄	19.86 ± 2.04 a	36.15 ± 5.56 a	12.11 ± 0.51 a	14.00 ± 0.36 a	37.69 ± 0.18 a	38.40 ± 1.98 a	41.89 ± 6.94 a
	K₂SO₄+ KCl	19.33 ± 3.67 a	31.63 ± 5.15 ab	10.41 ± 1.35 a	14.69 ± 0.78 a	34.88 ± 0.21 a	38.41 ± 0.33 a	30.04 ± 2.31 b
	KCl	21.71 ± 4.65 a	25.71 ± 3.95 b	10.32 ± 2.42 a	11.69 ± 1.35 b	35.86 ± 2.37 a	34.93 ± 0.46 b	26.01 ± 1.44 b

品种 Cultivar	K肥 K fertilizer	株高/cm Plant height		茎粗/mm Thick stem		叶片SPAD值 Leaf SPAD value		生物量/ g Biomass
品种 Cultivar	K肥 K fertilizer	35 d	60 d	35 d	60 d	35 d	60 d	60 d
兴佳2号 Xingjia 2	K₂SO₄	16.14 ± 1.20 a	36.07 ± 2.75 a	9.32 ± 0.75 a	11.27 ± 0.93 a	42.14 ± 0.93 a	45.28 ± 0.80 a	25.05 ± 0.22 a
	K₂SO₄+ KCl	14.59 ± 1.61 a	29.31 ± 0.86 b	8.72 ± 0.74 a	10.61 ± 0.90 a	37.98 ± 4.20 a	42.66 ± 0.16 b	21.89 ± 1.01 b
	KCl	16.49 ± 1.83 a	27.15 ± 2.90 b	8.28 ± 0.66 a	9.78 ± 0.85 a	40.28 ± 0.44 a	41.08 ± 0.64 c	13.04 ± 2.14 c
冀张薯12号 Jizhangshu 12	K₂SO₄	19.86 ± 2.04 a	36.15 ± 5.56 a	12.11 ± 0.51 a	14.00 ± 0.36 a	37.69 ± 0.18 a	38.40 ± 1.98 a	41.89 ± 6.94 a
	K₂SO₄+ KCl	19.33 ± 3.67 a	31.63 ± 5.15 ab	10.41 ± 1.35 a	14.69 ± 0.78 a	34.88 ± 0.21 a	38.41 ± 0.33 a	30.04 ± 2.31 b
	KCl	21.71 ± 4.65 a	25.71 ± 3.95 b	10.32 ± 2.42 a	11.69 ± 1.35 b	35.86 ± 2.37 a	34.93 ± 0.46 b	26.01 ± 1.44 b

品种 Cultivar	钾肥 Fertilizer	硫/（g · kg^-1）Sulfur		氯/（g · kg^-1）Chlorine		氮/（g · kg^-1）Nitrogen
品种 Cultivar	钾肥 Fertilizer	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber
兴佳2号Xingjia 2	K₂SO₄	5.16 ± 0.58 a	1.85 ± 0.15 a	25.36 ± 11.17 b	3.31 ± 0.26 b	0.504 ± 0.005 a	0.173 ± 0.005 a
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	4.60 ± 0.26 a	1.77 ± 0.31 a	54.23 ± 9.61 a	7.90 ± 0.84 a	0.426 ± 0.026 b	0.165 ± 0.011 ab
	KCl	3.81 ± 0.06 b	1.55 ± 0.03 a	51.96 ± 0.24 a	8.37 ± 0.07 a	0.382 ± 0.019 c	0.154 ± 0.001 b
冀张薯12号Jizhangshu 12	K₂SO₄	4.33 ± 0.21 a	1.67 ± 0.12 a	29.76 ± 3.09 c	3.17 ± 0.43 b	0.407 ± 0.040 a	0.162 ± 0.011 a
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	3.69 ± 0.13 b	1.57 ± 0.14 a	42.19 ± 6.51 b	5.97 ± 2.23 ab	0.364 ± 0.030 a	0.157 ± 0.015 ab
	KCl	3.51 ± 0.11 b	1.32 ± 0.01 b	51.33 ± 2.86 a	6.92 ± 0.91a	0.341 ± 0.028 a	0.135 ± 0.010 b
品种 Cultivar	钾肥 Fertilizer	磷/（g · kg^-1）Phosphorus		钾/（g · kg^-1）Potassium		镉/（mg · kg^-1）Cadmium
品种 Cultivar	钾肥 Fertilizer	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber
兴佳2号Xingjia 2	K₂SO₄	0.030 ± 0.002 a	0.022 ± 0.002 a	0.702 ± 0.056 a	0.220 ± 0.005 b	4.190 ± 1.050 c	0.238 ± 0.010 c
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	0.024 ± 0.002 b	0.021 ± 0.001 a	0.724 ± 0.045 a	0.248 ± 0.010 a	5.997 ± 0.790 b	0.306 ± 0.020 b
	KCl	0.019 ± 0.001 c	0.015 ± 0.001 b	0.750 ± 0.022 a	0.252 ± 0.006 a	7.647 ± 0.380 a	0.332 ± 0.010 a
冀张薯12号Jizhangshu 12	K₂SO₄	0.026 ± 0.040 a	0.024 ± 0.002 a	0.745 ± 0.051 a	0.203 ± 0.006 a	3.087 ± 0.290 b	0.144 ± 0.010 a
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	0.022 ± 0.004 a	0.019 ± 0.004 ab	0.722 ± 0.109 a	0.204 ± 0.019 a	3.977 ± 0.580 a	0.197 ± 0.050 a
	KCl	0.020 ± 0.002 a	0.016 ± 0.001 b	0.793 ± 0.048 a	0.231 ± 0.021 a	4.170 ± 0.360 a	0.201 ± 0.030 a

品种 Cultivar	钾肥 Fertilizer	硫/（g · kg^-1）Sulfur		氯/（g · kg^-1）Chlorine		氮/（g · kg^-1）Nitrogen
品种 Cultivar	钾肥 Fertilizer	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber
兴佳2号Xingjia 2	K₂SO₄	5.16 ± 0.58 a	1.85 ± 0.15 a	25.36 ± 11.17 b	3.31 ± 0.26 b	0.504 ± 0.005 a	0.173 ± 0.005 a
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	4.60 ± 0.26 a	1.77 ± 0.31 a	54.23 ± 9.61 a	7.90 ± 0.84 a	0.426 ± 0.026 b	0.165 ± 0.011 ab
	KCl	3.81 ± 0.06 b	1.55 ± 0.03 a	51.96 ± 0.24 a	8.37 ± 0.07 a	0.382 ± 0.019 c	0.154 ± 0.001 b
冀张薯12号Jizhangshu 12	K₂SO₄	4.33 ± 0.21 a	1.67 ± 0.12 a	29.76 ± 3.09 c	3.17 ± 0.43 b	0.407 ± 0.040 a	0.162 ± 0.011 a
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	3.69 ± 0.13 b	1.57 ± 0.14 a	42.19 ± 6.51 b	5.97 ± 2.23 ab	0.364 ± 0.030 a	0.157 ± 0.015 ab
	KCl	3.51 ± 0.11 b	1.32 ± 0.01 b	51.33 ± 2.86 a	6.92 ± 0.91a	0.341 ± 0.028 a	0.135 ± 0.010 b
品种 Cultivar	钾肥 Fertilizer	磷/（g · kg^-1）Phosphorus		钾/（g · kg^-1）Potassium		镉/（mg · kg^-1）Cadmium
品种 Cultivar	钾肥 Fertilizer	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber	茎叶Stem and leaf	块茎Tuber
兴佳2号Xingjia 2	K₂SO₄	0.030 ± 0.002 a	0.022 ± 0.002 a	0.702 ± 0.056 a	0.220 ± 0.005 b	4.190 ± 1.050 c	0.238 ± 0.010 c
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	0.024 ± 0.002 b	0.021 ± 0.001 a	0.724 ± 0.045 a	0.248 ± 0.010 a	5.997 ± 0.790 b	0.306 ± 0.020 b
	KCl	0.019 ± 0.001 c	0.015 ± 0.001 b	0.750 ± 0.022 a	0.252 ± 0.006 a	7.647 ± 0.380 a	0.332 ± 0.010 a
冀张薯12号Jizhangshu 12	K₂SO₄	0.026 ± 0.040 a	0.024 ± 0.002 a	0.745 ± 0.051 a	0.203 ± 0.006 a	3.087 ± 0.290 b	0.144 ± 0.010 a
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	0.022 ± 0.004 a	0.019 ± 0.004 ab	0.722 ± 0.109 a	0.204 ± 0.019 a	3.977 ± 0.580 a	0.197 ± 0.050 a
	KCl	0.020 ± 0.002 a	0.016 ± 0.001 b	0.793 ± 0.048 a	0.231 ± 0.021 a	4.170 ± 0.360 a	0.201 ± 0.030 a

品种 Cultivar	钾肥 Fertilizer	产量/（kg · hm^-2） Yield	商品薯率/% Marketable tuber percentage	单株块茎质量/g Tuber mass per plant	单株块茎数Number of tubers per plant	单薯质量/g Single potato quality
兴佳2号 Xingjia 2	K₂SO₄	31 442 ± 2 647 a	89.59 ± 1.69 a	481.31 ± 65.50 a	5.22 ± 1.58 a	91.77 ± 19.39 a
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	24 727 ± 843 b	83.57 ± 4.20 ab	318.73 ± 16.69 b	4.94 ± 0.79 a	78.54 ± 13.18 ab
	KCl	17 072 ± 1 749 c	81.49 ± 4.23 b	216.37 ± 36.25 c	6.06 ± 0.51 a	57.97 ± 3.36 b
冀张薯12号 Jizhangshu 12	K₂SO₄	30 512 ± 3 648 a	91.68 ± 0.32 a	529.11 ± 50.46 a	4.15 ± 1.04 a	134.14 ± 39.26 a
	K₂SO₄ + KCl	25 038 ± 5 539 ab	87.80 ± 2.74 b	505.15 ± 34.60 a	5.56 ± 0.77 a	91.60 ± 7.44 ab
	KCl	21 411 ± 2 314 b	73.70 ± 1.66 c	257.07 ± 1.25 b	3.83 ± 0.76 a	69.01 ± 14.81 b

Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizers on Growth and Absorption and Accumulation of Mineral Elements and Cadmium in Potato

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指标 Index	株高 Plant height	叶片SPAD值Leaf SPAD value	生物量Biomass	商品薯率Commodity potato rate	单株块茎数 Number of tubers per plant	单薯质量Single potato quality	产量 Yield
株高Plant height	1
叶片SPAD值 Leaf SPAD value	0.404	1
生物量Biomass	0.547^*	-0.288	1
商品薯率Commodity potato rate	0.723^**	0.452	0.449	1
单株块茎数Number of tubers per plant	-0.058	0.296	-0.186	-0.112	1
单薯质量Single potato quality	0.584^*	0.391	0.419	0.633^**	-0.159	1
产量Yield	0.761^**	0.345	0.667^**	0.592^**	-0.061	0.701^**	1

品种 Variety	钾肥 Fertilizer	干物率/% Dry matter	淀粉/% Starch	还原糖/% Reducing sugar	维生素C/（mg · g^-1） Vitamin C	蛋白质/（mg · g^-1） Protein	镉/（mg · kg^-1） Cadmium
兴佳2号 Xingjia 2	K₂SO₄	16.14 ± 0.46 a	10.36 ± 0.46 a	0.32 ± 0.01 a	0.26 ± 0.00 a	21.28 ± 0.20 a	0.0384 ± 0.0012 c
	K₂SO₄+ KCl	14.66 ± 1.34 a	8.88 ± 1.29 a	0.30 ± 0.05 a	0.25 ± 0.01 b	20.77 ± 0.44 b	0.0447 ± 0.0034 b
	KCl	15.55 ± 0.65 a	9.77 ± 0.66 a	0.31 ± 0.02 a	0.24 ± 0.01 c	19.21 ± 0.15 c	0.0516 ± 0.0014 a
冀张薯12号 Jizhangshu 12	K₂SO₄	13.78 ± 0.30 a	7.96 ± 0.32 a	0.29 ± 0.15 a	0.26 ± 0.01 a	19.43 ± 0.52 a	0.0199 ± 0.0018 a
	K₂SO₄+ KCl	14.35 ± 1.01 a	8.56 ± 1.00 a	0.28 ± 0.01 a	0.24 ± 0.01 a	18.56 ± 0.19 a	0.0281 ± 0.0062 a
	KCl	14.47 ± 0.18 a	8.69 ± 0.11 a	0.32 ± 0.02 a	0.23 ± 0.00 b	17.49 ± 0.18 b	0.0291 ± 0.0051 a

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