Physiological and Ecological Mechanisms of Trichoderma asperellum in Enhancing Drought Resistance of Banana Plants

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2026-0251

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (7): 2169-2184.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2026-0251

• Cultivation · Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Physiological and Ecological Mechanisms of Trichoderma asperellum in Enhancing Drought Resistance of Banana Plants

ZHANG Miaoyi¹, YAN Kun¹^,², WANG Wei¹, ZHAO Yankun¹, LI Kai¹, CHEN Yufeng¹, FENG Junting¹^,^**(), XIE Jianghui¹^,^**()

¹ Sanya Research Institute， Institute of Tropical Biotechnology，National Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding of Tropical Crops，Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences，Sanya， Hainan 570100， China
² College of Horticulture， China Agricultural University， Beijing 100193， China

Received:2026-04-10 Revised:2026-06-07 Online:2026-07-25 Published:2026-07-23
Contact: FENG Junting, XIE Jianghui

Abstract

Abstract:

This study investigated the physiological and microecological mechanisms by which Trichoderma asperellum M7 enhances drought tolerance in banana using physiological and biochemical assays，gene expression analysis，and microbiome technology. The results showed that M7 inoculation significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD），peroxidase（POD），and catalase（CAT）in leaf. The strain treatment also elevated proline and soluble sugar contents，reduced malondialdehyde（MDA）accumulation，and promoted the synthesis of abscisic acid（ABA）and auxin（IAA）in roots，thereby effectively alleviating the inhibitory effects of drought on seedling growth. Gene expression analysis revealed that the M7 significantly up-regulated transcript levels of ABA biosynthesis genes（MaAO，MaNCED2），a signal transduction gene（MaSnRK2-11），and an aquaporin gene（MaPIP1;1）. Furthermore，compared with the sterilized soil treated with M7，the natural soil significantly enriched beneficial microorganisms such as Pseudomonas，Nitrosococcus，and Streptomyces. Through core microbe isolation and reconnection verification experiments，it was found that the composite microbial community could effectively enhance the drought-resistant phenotype of plants，and some of the microorganisms alone also had certain effects. In conclusion，M7 inoculation was associated with enhanced drought tolerance in banana，which correlated with direct modulation of host physiological responses and drought-responsive gene expression，as well as indirect reshaping of the beneficial rhizosphere microbial community，suggesting a synergistic effect.

Key words: banana, drought stress, Trichoderma asperellum, physiological regulation, rhizosphere microorganisms

ZHANG Miaoyi, YAN Kun, WANG Wei, ZHAO Yankun, LI Kai, CHEN Yufeng, FENG Junting, XIE Jianghui. Physiological and Ecological Mechanisms of Trichoderma asperellum in Enhancing Drought Resistance of Banana Plants[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(7): 2169-2184.

Figures/Tables 14

Table 1 Primer sequence information in this study

基因Gene	引物序列（5′-3′）Primer sequence	扩增长度/bp Amplified length
MaActin	F：CGAGGCTCAATCAAAGA； R：ACCAGCAAGGTCCAAAC	343
MaPIP1；1	F：ATCACCATCCTCACGGTCAT； R：CACCCAGGCCATCACCCTTG	340
MaNCED1	F：CGAGGTGGTGGTGATTGGA； R：CGGCTTCGAGGTTGAGTTGA	167
MaNCED2	F：TCGCCATCACCGAGAACTAC； R：CACAGGTGGAAGCAGAAGCA	196
MaSDR2	F：GACATCAAGGACGAGAAGGGAC； R：AGCTTACCGTGGAGGGAGA	125
MaAO	F：CCTAACGCATCACCAACAGC； R：GCACGCACTAACTCGGCAAA	143
MaSnRK2-11	F：GCATCCTAATATCGTCCGGTTCA； R：CCTTGCCTCATCTTCACTAAACC	136
MabZIP10	F：CACCTTGCCCAGAACCCTTAG； R：ATATCCTCCCGCACCACTCC	155

Fig. 1 Effect of Trichoderma asperellum M7 on growth indices of banana seedlings under drought-rehydration treatment Blank：M7 + water；T：M7 + drought；CK：Drought control（non-inoculated）. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 level. The same below

Fig. 2 Effect of Trichoderma asperellum M7 on relative water content in different tissues of banana seedlings after drought-rehydration treatment

Fig. 3 Effect of Trichoderma asperellum M7 on antioxidant enzyme activities in banana roots after rehydration

Fig. 4 Effect of Trichoderma asperellum M7 on osmotic adjustment ability of banana plants after rehydration

Fig. 5 Effect of Trichoderma asperellum M7 on hormone content in roots of banana seedlings after rehydration

Fig. 6 Relative expression levels of drought resistance-related genes in banana roots

Table 2 Growth indices of banana seedlings under different treatments after 15 ddrought

处理 Treatment	株高/cm Plant height	茎粗/mm Stem diameter	根长/cm Root length
T1-灭菌 T1-sterilization	13.05 ± 1.42 b	10.71 ± 1.19 b	21.88 ± 3.11 b
CK1-灭菌 CK1-sterilization	13.80 ± 1.31 b	10.54 ± 1.26 b	19.70 ± 2.57 b
T1	16.57 ± 2.40 a	12.57 ± 1.49 a	27.80 ± 3.96 a
CK1	15.99 ± 2.08 a	11.57 ± 1.22 a	22.36 ± 3.17 b

Fig. 7 Growth status of banana seedlings after 15 d of drought treatment and 3 d of rehydration

Fig. 8 Diversity analysis of microbial community in rhizosphere soil A-C：α diversity indices，representing the observed species richness，Chao1 index and Shannon index，respectively；D：The principal coordinates analysis（PCoA）based on Bray-Curtis distances；E：The non-metric multidimensional scaling（NMDS）analysis. * P < 0.05

Fig. 9 Microphyla（A）and genus（B）abundance of microbial community in rhizosphere soil

Fig. 10 Isolation and culture of core microorganisms

Fig. 11 Co-occurrence network diagram of the microbiome The red line indicates symbiosis，and the gray line indicates antagonism

Fig. 12 Phenotypes of banana seedlings in each group after 15 days of drought stress

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Physiological and Ecological Mechanisms of Trichoderma asperellum in Enhancing Drought Resistance of Banana Plants

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