Genome-Wide Identification of Grapevine SWEET Protein Family Reveals the Potential Function of VvSWEET15 in Sugar Accumulation

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0792

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (7): 2019-2033.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0792

• Genetic & Breeding · Germplasm Resources · Molecular Biology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Genome-Wide Identification of Grapevine SWEET Protein Family Reveals the Potential Function of VvSWEET15 in Sugar Accumulation

YAN Yun¹, XIAO Yang¹, YAO Yaqi¹, NONG Yuying¹, GUO Dejun², SHAO Jianhui³, MA Chunhua¹, SU Jing¹^,^**()

¹ College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture， Yunnan Agricultural University， Kunming 650201， China
² Gansu Nongken Yongchang Farm Co.， Ltd.，Yongchang， Gansu 737200， China
³ College of Plant Protection， Yunnan Agricultural University， Kunming 650201， China

Received:2025-08-26 Revised:2026-04-19 Online:2026-07-25 Published:2026-07-23
Contact: SU Jing

Abstract

Abstract:

SWEET is a newly discovered class of sugar transporters that regulate the unloading and accumulation of sugar in plants and participate in plant senescence，nectar secretion，hormone signaling，pathogenesis，and abiotic stress response. The study systematically identifies the VvSWEETs protein family in grapevine（Vitis vinifera L.）and analyses its expression patterns across different stages of berry development to explore genes related to sugar accumulation in grape berries，which is crucial for improving fruit quality. The physicochemical properties，phylogenetic relationships，gene structure，and cis-regulatory elements of VvSWEETs were analyzed using grape whole-genome data. Integrating these analyses with transcriptome data from‘Red Globe’at different developmental stages，VvSWEET15 was identified as a key candidate. Its function in fruit sugar accumulation was elucidated through gene cloning，subcellular localization，and gene silencing. The grape genome contains 16 VvSWEET genes，distributed on 10 chromosomes and categorized into four evolutionary clades（CladesⅠ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ and Ⅳ）. Genes within each clade share similar structural characteristics. The promoter region is enriched in cis-acting elements responsive to light, phytohormones, development, and stress. Transcriptome analysis revealed increased VvSWEET15 expression from 40 to 120 days after flowering，positively correlating with hexose accumulation in ripe berries. VvSWEET15 is a protein localized to the plasma membrane，and transient silencing of its expression significantly reduced the fructose and glucose concentrations in fruits，indicating that VvSWEET15 plays an important role in the accumulation of sugar concentration in grape fruits.

Key words: Vitis vinifera, sugar transporter, VvSWEET, phylogenetic analysis, sugar accumulation

YAN Yun, XIAO Yang, YAO Yaqi, NONG Yuying, GUO Dejun, SHAO Jianhui, MA Chunhua, SU Jing. Genome-Wide Identification of Grapevine SWEET Protein Family Reveals the Potential Function of VvSWEET15 in Sugar Accumulation[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(7): 2019-2033.

Figures/Tables 10

References 46

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基因ID Gene ID	位置与长度 Location and length	编码序列/bp CDS	等电点 pI	分子量/kD Molecular weight	氨基酸残基数量 No. of amino acids	总平均亲水性 Grand average of hydropathy	脂肪系数 Aliphatic index	不稳定系数Instability index
Vitvi18g01215	chr18:13433660..13436779 (3.12 kb)	747	9.64	27.35	248	0.682	111.29	28.21
Vitvi19g00024	chr19:535653..539306 (3.65 kb)	708	9.30	26.12	235	0.741	117.32	47.26
Vitvi10g00679	chr10:8728270..8732553 (4.28 kb)	699	8.84	25.78	232	0.839	115.99	53.21
Vitvi16g01984	chr16:20108856..20111853 (3 kb)	750	9.13	28.04	249	0.535	116.14	39.81
Vitvi14g01783	chr14:28363163..28366829 (3.67 kb)	775	9.36	27.90	254	0.517	108.98	38.85
Vitvi17g00791	chr17:9893489..9895615 (2.13 kb)	705	9.43	26.16	234	0.693	124.06	29.69
Vitvi17g00793	chr17:9939039..9941147 (2.11 kb)	699	9.49	25.97	232	0.698	119.66	30.31
Vitvi02g00181	chr02:1665640..1669158 (3.52 kb)	783	9.62	28.85	260	0.695	116.54	43.99
Vitvi04g01075	chr04:15667871..15670837 (2.97 kb)	837	9.05	31.52	278	0.576	112.16	39.12
Vitvi17g00070	chr17:1349304..1351901 (2.6 kb)	903	7.63	33.96	300	0.745	126.63	38.56
Vitvi07g00250	chr07:2765683..2768134 (2.45 kb)	831	9.30	31.00	276	0.535	106.05	34.08
Vitvi17g00069	chr17:1344616..1347770 (3.15 kb)	852	9.34	31.70	283	0.575	112.93	38.63
Vitvi01g01719	chr01:23088842..23091312 (2.47 kb)	870	9.08	32.15	289	0.492	110.00	35.66
Vitvi14g00149	chr14:1256163..1261104 (4.94 kb)	897	9.68	32.76	298	0.424	107.58	37.96
Vitvi14g00148	chr14:1248783..1251155 (2.37 kb)	717	6.90	26.47	238	0.782	124.79	46.38
Vitvi14g00147	chr14:1240096..1242964 (2.87 kb)	714	6.29	26.27	237	0.845	128.23	48.06

基因ID Gene ID	位置与长度 Location and length	编码序列/bp CDS	等电点 pI	分子量/kD Molecular weight	氨基酸残基数量 No. of amino acids	总平均亲水性 Grand average of hydropathy	脂肪系数 Aliphatic index	不稳定系数Instability index
Vitvi18g01215	chr18:13433660..13436779 (3.12 kb)	747	9.64	27.35	248	0.682	111.29	28.21
Vitvi19g00024	chr19:535653..539306 (3.65 kb)	708	9.30	26.12	235	0.741	117.32	47.26
Vitvi10g00679	chr10:8728270..8732553 (4.28 kb)	699	8.84	25.78	232	0.839	115.99	53.21
Vitvi16g01984	chr16:20108856..20111853 (3 kb)	750	9.13	28.04	249	0.535	116.14	39.81
Vitvi14g01783	chr14:28363163..28366829 (3.67 kb)	775	9.36	27.90	254	0.517	108.98	38.85
Vitvi17g00791	chr17:9893489..9895615 (2.13 kb)	705	9.43	26.16	234	0.693	124.06	29.69
Vitvi17g00793	chr17:9939039..9941147 (2.11 kb)	699	9.49	25.97	232	0.698	119.66	30.31
Vitvi02g00181	chr02:1665640..1669158 (3.52 kb)	783	9.62	28.85	260	0.695	116.54	43.99
Vitvi04g01075	chr04:15667871..15670837 (2.97 kb)	837	9.05	31.52	278	0.576	112.16	39.12
Vitvi17g00070	chr17:1349304..1351901 (2.6 kb)	903	7.63	33.96	300	0.745	126.63	38.56
Vitvi07g00250	chr07:2765683..2768134 (2.45 kb)	831	9.30	31.00	276	0.535	106.05	34.08
Vitvi17g00069	chr17:1344616..1347770 (3.15 kb)	852	9.34	31.70	283	0.575	112.93	38.63
Vitvi01g01719	chr01:23088842..23091312 (2.47 kb)	870	9.08	32.15	289	0.492	110.00	35.66
Vitvi14g00149	chr14:1256163..1261104 (4.94 kb)	897	9.68	32.76	298	0.424	107.58	37.96
Vitvi14g00148	chr14:1248783..1251155 (2.37 kb)	717	6.90	26.47	238	0.782	124.79	46.38
Vitvi14g00147	chr14:1240096..1242964 (2.87 kb)	714	6.29	26.27	237	0.845	128.23	48.06

Genome-Wide Identification of Grapevine SWEET Protein Family Reveals the Potential Function of VvSWEET15 in Sugar Accumulation

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