Comprehensive Evaluation on Cold Tolerance of Eleven Walnut Cultivars

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-1064

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 174-184.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-1064

• Cultivation·Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Comprehensive Evaluation on Cold Tolerance of Eleven Walnut Cultivars

LI Jian¹^,², WANG Juntao¹, SHI Gensheng², HAO Huazheng², JI Zhongrui², XU Taoyu², WANG Jing², CHEN Lin²^,^*()

¹ College of Horticulture， Shanxi Agricultural University，Taigu， Shanxi 030801， China
² The Industrial Crop Institute， Shanxi Agricultural University， Taiyuan 030031， China

Received:2025-03-24 Revised:2025-10-13 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-26
Contact: CHEN Lin

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the cold tolerance of different walnut cultivars，the sprouting shoots of eleven common walnut cultivars were collected and subjected to low-temperature treatment（-2 ℃，12 h）. Nine physiological indexes of each cultivar leaves under cold stress were measured and compared，including relative electrical conductivity（REC），the contents of malondialdehyde（MDA），soluble protein （SP），soluble sugar（SS），hydrogen peroxide（H₂O₂），and reduced glutathione（GSH），and the activities of catalase（CAT），peroxidase（POD），and superoxide dismutase（SOD）. Subsequently，the cold tolerance of different walnut cultivars was comprehensively evaluated using membership function value method and principal component analysis. The conclusions obtained from the above two methods are basically consistent. Based on the cluster analysis，the eleven cultivars are divided into four categories，among which‘Chandler’exhibits the strongest cold tolerance，followed by‘Liaohe 1’‘Sibisel Precoce’and ‘Jinlong 2’.‘Jing 861’‘Xifu 1’‘Lipin 2’，and‘Zhonglin 3’show moderate cold tolerance，while ‘Xilin 3’‘Qingxiang’，and‘Xiangling’exhibit weaker cold tolerance.

Key words: walnut, cold tolerance, physiological indexes, principal component analysis, membership function value method

LI Jian, WANG Juntao, SHI Gensheng, HAO Huazheng, JI Zhongrui, XU Taoyu, WANG Jing, CHEN Lin. Comprehensive Evaluation on Cold Tolerance of Eleven Walnut Cultivars[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(1): 174-184.

Figures/Tables 8

References 27

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品种 Cultivar	树龄/年 Tree age/year	2024年萌芽期/（M-D） The sprouting date in 2024	品种 Cultivar	树龄/年 Tree age/year	2024年萌芽期/（M-D） The sprouting date in 2024
礼品2号 Lipin 2	9	03-27	京861 Jing 861	9	03-30
晋龙2号 Jinlong 2	9	04-02	塞比塞尔 Sibisel Precoce	8	04-02
西扶1号 Xifu 1	9	03-25	西林3号 Xilin 3	9	03-29
香玲 Xiangling	9	03-25	中林3号 Zhonglin 3	9	03-31
强特勒 Chandler	8	04-06	辽核1号 Liaohe 1	9	03-25
清香 Qingxiang	9	03-31

品种 Cultivar	树龄/年 Tree age/year	2024年萌芽期/（M-D） The sprouting date in 2024	品种 Cultivar	树龄/年 Tree age/year	2024年萌芽期/（M-D） The sprouting date in 2024
礼品2号 Lipin 2	9	03-27	京861 Jing 861	9	03-30
晋龙2号 Jinlong 2	9	04-02	塞比塞尔 Sibisel Precoce	8	04-02
西扶1号 Xifu 1	9	03-25	西林3号 Xilin 3	9	03-29
香玲 Xiangling	9	03-25	中林3号 Zhonglin 3	9	03-31
强特勒 Chandler	8	04-06	辽核1号 Liaohe 1	9	03-25
清香 Qingxiang	9	03-31

品种 Cultivar	相对电导率 REC	丙二醛 MDA	过氧化氢 H₂O₂	过氧化氢酶 CAT	过氧化物酶 POD	超氧化物歧化酶 SOD	可溶性糖 SS	可溶性蛋白 SP	谷胱甘肽 GSH	平均值 Average	排序 Rank
礼品2号Lipin 2	0.929	0.509	0.427	0.671	0.411	0.421	0.284	0.000	0.701	0.484	7
晋龙2号Jinlong 2	0.953	0.603	0.000	0.773	0.211	0.413	0.341	1.000	0.962	0.584	4
西扶1号Xifu 1	0.891	0.499	0.586	0.478	0.471	0.455	0.132	0.834	0.099	0.494	6
香玲Xiangling	0.112	0.189	0.139	0.008	0.000	0.114	0.000	0.676	0.165	0.156	11
强特勒Chandler	0.953	0.854	0.683	0.567	1.000	1.000	0.641	0.855	1.000	0.839	1
清香Qingxiang	0.120	0.124	0.670	0.260	0.151	0.184	0.110	0.726	0.000	0.261	10
京861 Jing 861	0.895	1.000	0.177	1.000	0.226	0.000	1.000	0.747	0.143	0.577	5
塞比塞尔 Sibisel Precoce	1.000	0.648	1.000	0.488	0.900	0.407	0.152	0.781	0.144	0.613	2
西林3号Xilin 3	0.000	0.000	0.503	0.000	0.311	0.532	0.085	0.969	0.329	0.303	9
中林3号Zhonglin 3	0.891	0.602	0.359	0.189	0.608	0.354	0.041	0.792	0.429	0.474	8
辽核1号Liaohe 1	0.831	0.446	0.413	0.410	0.528	0.522	0.493	0.906	0.727	0.586	3

品种 Cultivar	相对电导率 REC	丙二醛 MDA	过氧化氢 H₂O₂	过氧化氢酶 CAT	过氧化物酶 POD	超氧化物歧化酶 SOD	可溶性糖 SS	可溶性蛋白 SP	谷胱甘肽 GSH	平均值 Average	排序 Rank
礼品2号Lipin 2	0.929	0.509	0.427	0.671	0.411	0.421	0.284	0.000	0.701	0.484	7
晋龙2号Jinlong 2	0.953	0.603	0.000	0.773	0.211	0.413	0.341	1.000	0.962	0.584	4
西扶1号Xifu 1	0.891	0.499	0.586	0.478	0.471	0.455	0.132	0.834	0.099	0.494	6
香玲Xiangling	0.112	0.189	0.139	0.008	0.000	0.114	0.000	0.676	0.165	0.156	11
强特勒Chandler	0.953	0.854	0.683	0.567	1.000	1.000	0.641	0.855	1.000	0.839	1
清香Qingxiang	0.120	0.124	0.670	0.260	0.151	0.184	0.110	0.726	0.000	0.261	10
京861 Jing 861	0.895	1.000	0.177	1.000	0.226	0.000	1.000	0.747	0.143	0.577	5
塞比塞尔 Sibisel Precoce	1.000	0.648	1.000	0.488	0.900	0.407	0.152	0.781	0.144	0.613	2
西林3号Xilin 3	0.000	0.000	0.503	0.000	0.311	0.532	0.085	0.969	0.329	0.303	9
中林3号Zhonglin 3	0.891	0.602	0.359	0.189	0.608	0.354	0.041	0.792	0.429	0.474	8
辽核1号Liaohe 1	0.831	0.446	0.413	0.410	0.528	0.522	0.493	0.906	0.727	0.586	3

指标 Index	主成分 Principal component
指标 Index	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	III
相对电导率 REC	-0.898	0.031	0.162
丙二醛 MDA	-0.904	0.244	0.173
过氧化氢酶 CAT	0.798	-0.494	-0.157
过氧化物酶 POD	0.651	0.711	-0.191
超氧化物歧化酶 SOD	0.471	0.754	0.367
可溶性糖 SS	-0.034	0.212	0.483
可溶性蛋白 SP	0.722	-0.435	0.050
谷胱甘肽 GSH	0.608	0.145	0.661
过氧化氢 H₂O₂	-0.076	-0.763	0.579
特征值 Eigen value	3.804	2.215	1.261
贡献率/% Contribution ratio	42.271	24.614	14.012
累计贡献率/% Cumulative contribution ratio	42.271	66.885	80.897

Comprehensive Evaluation on Cold Tolerance of Eleven Walnut Cultivars

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品种 Cultivar	第一主成分得分 Principal component I score	第二主成分得分 Principal component II score	第三主成分得分 Principal component III score	综合得分 Composite score	排序 Rank
礼品2号 Lipin 2	0.854	-0.623	-0.872	0.106	5
晋龙2号 Jinlong 2	1.110	-1.330	1.932	0.510	4
西扶1号 Xifu 1	-0.100	0.464	-0.713	-0.035	7
香玲 Xiangling	-3.075	-0.958	0.413	-1.828	11
强特勒 Chandler	3.118	1.983	0.828	2.377	1
清香 Qingxiang	-2.546	0.010	-0.797	-1.466	10
京861 Jing 861	1.716	-3.222	-0.836	-0.227	8
塞比塞尔 Sibisel Precoce	0.817	1.645	-1.894	0.600	3
西林3号 Xilin 3	-2.509	1.221	0.992	-0.769	9
中林3号 Zhonglin 3	-0.119	0.474	0.027	0.087	6
辽核1号 Liaohe 1	0.735	0.336	0.920	0.646	2

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