Association Between Vineyard Soil Factors and Fruit Quality：An Analysis of Cultivar Response Differences

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0906

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 2943-2958.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0906

• Cultivation · Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Association Between Vineyard Soil Factors and Fruit Quality：An Analysis of Cultivar Response Differences

GUO Ziyan¹, TANG Wen¹, XU Mengyu¹, LÜ Jinhan¹, FANG Jinggui¹, WANG Jiangbo²^,^*(), and LU Suwen¹^,^*()

¹ College of Horticulture， Nanjing Agricultural University， Nanjing 210095， China
² College of Plant Science， Tarim University，Alar， Xinjiang 843300， China

Received:2025-07-30 Revised:2025-09-19 Online:2025-11-27 Published:2025-11-27
Contact: WANG Jiangbo, and LU Suwen

Abstract

Abstract:

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and fruit quality indicators of five main grape cultivars（‘Summer Black’‘Jumeigui’‘Gold Finger’‘Shine Muscat’‘Zuijinxiang’）grown in five vineyards of Nanjing. The aim was to identify key soil factors influencing fruit quality and to provide a theoretical basis for high-quality grape production. Comprehensive analysis of soil properties and fruit quality traits was performed，followed by principal component analysis（PCA）to evaluate the comprehensive quality of different cultivars. The results indicated that soil mineral nutrients（available nitrogen，available phosphorus，available potassium），exchangeable calcium，exchangeable magnesium，and soil porosity were key factors affecting grape quality. Among the fruit quality indicators，anthocyanin content and soluble solid-to-acid ratio exhibited considerable variation（with coefficient of variation up to 78.61%），indicating high sensitivity to soil conditions. In contrast，fruit shape index and color parameters remained relatively stable. Significant cultivar-dependent responses to soil environment were observed：‘Summer Black’showed strong adaptability and consistently exhibited superior comprehensive quality across all orchards；‘Gold Finger’performed poorly overall；while the quality of‘Jumeigui’‘Shine Muscat’and‘Zuijinxiang’was highly dependent on specific orchard soil conditions（porosity，enzyme activity，etc）. PCA further revealed that soil fertility structure and nutrient status jointly regulated grape quality formation. In conclusion，grape fruit quality is determined by the interaction between genetic characteristics and soil environmental factors. Accordingly，it is recommended to implement cultivar-soil matching strategies along with precise fertilization and soil management practices to improve fruit quality and planting efficiency.

Key words: grape, fruit quality, soil physicochemical property, principal component analysis, correlation analysis

GUO Ziyan, TANG Wen, XU Mengyu, LÜ Jinhan, FANG Jinggui, WANG Jiangbo, and LU Suwen. Association Between Vineyard Soil Factors and Fruit Quality：An Analysis of Cultivar Response Differences[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(11): 2943-2958.

Figures/Tables 8

References 40

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葡萄园 Vineyard	pH		含水量/% Water content （WC）	容重/（g · cm^-3） Bulk density （BD）	总孔隙度/% Total porosity （STP）	毛管孔隙度/% Capillary porosity （SCP）	非毛管孔隙/% Non-capillary porosity（NSCP）
G1	6.05 ± 0.06 a		27.85 ± 0.07 a	1.09 ± 0.01 b	46.08 ± 0.05 c	37.22 ± 0.03 d	8.85 ± 0.05 c
G2	4.04 ± 0.03 e		26.58 ± 0.19 b	1.20 ± 0.02 a	45.64 ± 0.06 d	38.57 ± 0.02 c	7.07 ± 0.08 e
G3	4.26 ± 0.08 d		21.94 ± 1.02 c	1.20 ± 0.01 a	50.64 ± 0.17 b	41.03 ± 0.24 b	9.61 ± 0.08 b
G4	5.19 ± 0.05 c		20.27 ± 0.24 d	1.18 ± 0.01 a	43.15 ± 0.18 e	35.00 ± 0.12 e	8.15 ± 0.09 d
G5	5.77 ± 0.05 b		25.52 ± 0.59 b	0.98 ± 0.04 c	55.00 ± 0.04 a	41.44 ± 0.05 a	13.56 ± 0.07 a
葡萄园 Vineyard		碱解氮/ （mg · kg^-1） Alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen（HN）	速效磷/ （mg · kg^-1） Available phosphorus（AP）	速效钾（mg · kg^-1） Available potassium（AK）	交换性钙/ （cmol · kg^-1） Exchangeable calcium（Ca）	交换性镁/ （cmol · kg^-1） Exchange magnesium（Mg）	过氧化氢/ （mg · g^-1· min^-1） Catalase （CAT）	蔗糖酶/ （mg · g^-1· d^-1） Sucrase （SU）
G1		84.98 ± 1.93 c	86.85 ± 2.61 bc	65.71 ± 11.90 c	197.67 ± 20.71 a	219.11 ± 22.97 a	0.22 ± 0.08 a	77.32 ± 6.27 a
G2		163.86 ± 7.40 a	126.32 ± 16.11 a	104.05 ± 7.50 a	176.46 ± 8.22 ab	118.73 ± 17.97 bc	0.09 ± 0.03 bc	59.31 ± 6.00 bc
G3		78.64 ± 2.44 c	80.62 ± 11.05 c	64.39 ± 6.58 c	154.98 ± 17.23 bc	110.72 ± 14.24 c	0.05 ± 0.02 c	49.95 ± 4.31 cd
G4		53.98 ± 2.54 d	76.98 ± 6.68 c	62.50 ± 4.38 c	134.87 ± 9.84 c	154.20 ± 17.02 b	0.19 ± 0.05 bc	41.45 ± 4.70 d
G5		125.36 ± 8.95 b	102.87 ± 8.29 b	81.74 ± 7.27 b	203.78 ± 15.22 a	223.22 ± 20.87 a	0.17 ± 0.07 ab	68.67 ± 8.67 ab

葡萄园 Vineyard	pH		含水量/% Water content （WC）	容重/（g · cm^-3） Bulk density （BD）	总孔隙度/% Total porosity （STP）	毛管孔隙度/% Capillary porosity （SCP）	非毛管孔隙/% Non-capillary porosity（NSCP）
G1	6.05 ± 0.06 a		27.85 ± 0.07 a	1.09 ± 0.01 b	46.08 ± 0.05 c	37.22 ± 0.03 d	8.85 ± 0.05 c
G2	4.04 ± 0.03 e		26.58 ± 0.19 b	1.20 ± 0.02 a	45.64 ± 0.06 d	38.57 ± 0.02 c	7.07 ± 0.08 e
G3	4.26 ± 0.08 d		21.94 ± 1.02 c	1.20 ± 0.01 a	50.64 ± 0.17 b	41.03 ± 0.24 b	9.61 ± 0.08 b
G4	5.19 ± 0.05 c		20.27 ± 0.24 d	1.18 ± 0.01 a	43.15 ± 0.18 e	35.00 ± 0.12 e	8.15 ± 0.09 d
G5	5.77 ± 0.05 b		25.52 ± 0.59 b	0.98 ± 0.04 c	55.00 ± 0.04 a	41.44 ± 0.05 a	13.56 ± 0.07 a
葡萄园 Vineyard		碱解氮/ （mg · kg^-1） Alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen（HN）	速效磷/ （mg · kg^-1） Available phosphorus（AP）	速效钾（mg · kg^-1） Available potassium（AK）	交换性钙/ （cmol · kg^-1） Exchangeable calcium（Ca）	交换性镁/ （cmol · kg^-1） Exchange magnesium（Mg）	过氧化氢/ （mg · g^-1· min^-1） Catalase （CAT）	蔗糖酶/ （mg · g^-1· d^-1） Sucrase （SU）
G1		84.98 ± 1.93 c	86.85 ± 2.61 bc	65.71 ± 11.90 c	197.67 ± 20.71 a	219.11 ± 22.97 a	0.22 ± 0.08 a	77.32 ± 6.27 a
G2		163.86 ± 7.40 a	126.32 ± 16.11 a	104.05 ± 7.50 a	176.46 ± 8.22 ab	118.73 ± 17.97 bc	0.09 ± 0.03 bc	59.31 ± 6.00 bc
G3		78.64 ± 2.44 c	80.62 ± 11.05 c	64.39 ± 6.58 c	154.98 ± 17.23 bc	110.72 ± 14.24 c	0.05 ± 0.02 c	49.95 ± 4.31 cd
G4		53.98 ± 2.54 d	76.98 ± 6.68 c	62.50 ± 4.38 c	134.87 ± 9.84 c	154.20 ± 17.02 b	0.19 ± 0.05 bc	41.45 ± 4.70 d
G5		125.36 ± 8.95 b	102.87 ± 8.29 b	81.74 ± 7.27 b	203.78 ± 15.22 a	223.22 ± 20.87 a	0.17 ± 0.07 ab	68.67 ± 8.67 ab

品种 Cultivar	项目 Item	单粒质量/g Single-fruit weight	果形指数 Fruit shape index	色泽指数 CIRG	硬度 Hardness	可溶性固形物/% Soluble solids	可滴定酸/% Titratable acid	固酸比 Soluble solids to acidity ratio	总花色苷/ （mg · L^-1） Anthocyanin
夏黑 Summer Black	平均值Mean	8.08	1.05	5.79	11.99	16.8	0.69	24.63	27.09
	标准偏差STD	0.81	0.06	0.40	1.13	1.50	0.02	1.84	12.86
	CV/%	10.00	6.01	6.99	9.38	8.94	3.19	7.48	47.46
巨玫瑰 Jumeigui	平均值Mean	8.39	1.12	5.58	12.52	16.80	0.77	22.69	6.57
	标准偏差STD	0.75	0.09	0.28	2.42	1.76	0.20	3.79	1.97
	CV/%	8.93	7.81	4.97	19.34	10.48	25.50	16.70	29.96
金手指 Golden Finger	平均值Mean	5.71	1.86	4.55	7.74	17.04	0.97	18.88	0.20
	标准偏差STD	1.46	0.08	0.10	1.36	2.18	0.31	5.46	0.11
	CV/%	25.59	4.10	2.18	17.52	12.82	31.98	28.93	56.85
阳光玫瑰 Shine Muscat	平均值Mean	8.97	1.15	3.51	13.46	16.16	0.76	23.36	0.30
	标准偏差STD	2.00	0.04	0.22	2.75	0.74	0.22	8.15	0.22
	CV/%	22.31	3.72	6.19	20.46	4.60	29.53	34.88	73.72
醉金香 Zuijinxiang	平均值Mean	11.51	1.19	4.08	11.57	16.90	0.76	22.60	0.17
	标准偏差STD	1.84	0.13	0.45	1.08	1.25	0.12	3.70	0.13
	CV/%	15.98	11.06	11.15	9.36	7.43	16.02	16.38	78.61

品种 Cultivar	项目 Item	单粒质量/g Single-fruit weight	果形指数 Fruit shape index	色泽指数 CIRG	硬度 Hardness	可溶性固形物/% Soluble solids	可滴定酸/% Titratable acid	固酸比 Soluble solids to acidity ratio	总花色苷/ （mg · L^-1） Anthocyanin
夏黑 Summer Black	平均值Mean	8.08	1.05	5.79	11.99	16.8	0.69	24.63	27.09
	标准偏差STD	0.81	0.06	0.40	1.13	1.50	0.02	1.84	12.86
	CV/%	10.00	6.01	6.99	9.38	8.94	3.19	7.48	47.46
巨玫瑰 Jumeigui	平均值Mean	8.39	1.12	5.58	12.52	16.80	0.77	22.69	6.57
	标准偏差STD	0.75	0.09	0.28	2.42	1.76	0.20	3.79	1.97
	CV/%	8.93	7.81	4.97	19.34	10.48	25.50	16.70	29.96
金手指 Golden Finger	平均值Mean	5.71	1.86	4.55	7.74	17.04	0.97	18.88	0.20
	标准偏差STD	1.46	0.08	0.10	1.36	2.18	0.31	5.46	0.11
	CV/%	25.59	4.10	2.18	17.52	12.82	31.98	28.93	56.85
阳光玫瑰 Shine Muscat	平均值Mean	8.97	1.15	3.51	13.46	16.16	0.76	23.36	0.30
	标准偏差STD	2.00	0.04	0.22	2.75	0.74	0.22	8.15	0.22
	CV/%	22.31	3.72	6.19	20.46	4.60	29.53	34.88	73.72
醉金香 Zuijinxiang	平均值Mean	11.51	1.19	4.08	11.57	16.90	0.76	22.60	0.17
	标准偏差STD	1.84	0.13	0.45	1.08	1.25	0.12	3.70	0.13
	CV/%	15.98	11.06	11.15	9.36	7.43	16.02	16.38	78.61

品种 Cultivar	葡萄园 Vineyard	因子得分Factor score		F（综合得分 Comprehensive score）	排序 Rank
品种 Cultivar	葡萄园 Vineyard	F₁	F₂	F（综合得分 Comprehensive score）	排序 Rank
夏黑 Summer Black	G1	1.4648	1.6374	1.53	3
	G2	2.3778	2.1656	2.30	1
	G3	0.9097	0.4712	0.74	5
	G4	1.7062	1.8100	1.75	2
	G5	1.3398	1.0898	1.24	4
巨玫瑰 Jumeigui	G1	-0.3966	-0.0090	-0.25	5
	G2	0.6406	0.7490	0.68	3
	G3	1.2400	0.0126	0.76	1
	G4	0.9286	0.4511	0.74	2
	G5	0.4409	0.6632	0.53	4
金手指 Golden Finger	G1	-1.6628	1.2067	-0.55	1
	G2	-4.3861	0.2182	-2.60	5
	G3	-2.8149	0.7743	-1.42	4
	G4	-1.8870	1.1877	-0.70	3
	G5	-1.8076	1.3846	-0.57	2
阳光玫瑰 Shine-Muscat	G1	-1.6057	-0.6186	-1.22	5
	G2	-0.3457	-1.5672	-0.82	4
	G3	2.1499	-1.5186	0.73	1
	G4	-0.0639	-1.5952	-0.66	3
	G5	0.8448	-1.9351	-0.23	2
醉金香 Zuijinxiang	G1	-0.2687	-0.9812	-0.55	3
	G2	0.9889	-0.4526	0.43	1
	G3	0.8693	-1.8662	-0.19	2
	G4	-0.6899	-1.5002	-1.00	5
	G5	0.0274	-1.7774	-0.67	4

Association Between Vineyard Soil Factors and Fruit Quality：An Analysis of Cultivar Response Differences

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