Abstract:

We studied genetic characters of some special peach traits such as chrysanthemum type（shorten chrys），narrow leaf shape，white and yellow leaf，distorted and weeping shape tree，to provide evidence for peach breeding. Chrys trait，leaf white trait and weeping shape were studied by structuring F₁ and F₂ populations which were derived from crossing of‘Fenjuhuatao’בHonggen Gansutao 1’，‘Hongchuizhi’בFenjuhuatao’，‘S9’בFenjuhuatao’，‘FenJuhuatao’בRuiguang 2’，‘Hongshanhu’×（‘Fenjuhuatao’בRuiguang 2’）. Narrow leaf trait was studied by structuring F₁ and F₂ populations which derived from crossing between‘Jinmi Xiayetao’and‘99-7-14’，‘99-7-15’，‘98-4-32’. Leaf yellow trait was studied by structuring F₁ and F₂ populations which derived from crossing of‘Beijing 2-7’בBaihua Shanbitao’. Distorted shape was studied by structuring F₁ and F₂ populations which derived from crossing of‘Hongchuizhi’בZhouxing Shantao’and‘96-7-56’בZhouxing Shantao’. The result as follow：in cross of‘Fenjuhuatao’בHonggen Gansutao 1’，‘Hongchuizhi’בFenjuhuatao’，‘S9’בFenjuhuatao’and‘Beijing 2-7’בFenjuhuatao’，there are two pairs of genes（Ch/ch，Ch₂/ch₂）which control inheritance of“showy/chrys”form trait，and showy is dominant to chrys. But in cross of‘Fenjuhuatao’בRuiguang 2’，showy displays intermediate trait of nonshowy and chrys. In cross of ‘99-7-14’בJinmi Xiayetao’and‘98-4-32’בJinmi Xiayetao’，“normal/narrow”trait displays inheritance controlled by two pairs of genes（Nl/nl，Nl₂/nl₂），and normal trait isdominant to narrow，but in cross of‘99-7-15’בJinmi Xiayetao’，the trait is controlled by a single gene. Leaf“normal/white”trait displays inheritance controlled by a single gene（Wl/wl），and normal trait is dominant to white. The recessive gene（wl）probably come from‘Fenjuhuatao’. Leaf“normal/yellow”trait displays inheritance controlled by two pairs of genes（Yl/yl，Yl₂/yl₂），and one of them can be restricted by the other. The recessive gene（yl or yl₂）probably come from‘Baihua Shanbitao’. Upright tree habit displays intermediate trait of“distorted/weeping”shape and“distorted/standard”shape respectively.“standard/weeping”trait displays inheritance controlled by a single gene（We/we）in three crosses of standard and weeping trait，and standard trait is dominant to weeping. Conclusion：chrys trait is controlled by two pairs of recessive genes（chchch₂ch₂）. Narrow leaf trait is probably controlled by two pairs of recessive genes（nlnlnl₂nl₂）. Leaf white trait is controlled by two recessive genes（wlwl）. Leaf yellow trait is controlled by two pairs of gene（Yl_yl₂yl₂ or Yl₂_ylyl）. Only standard，upright and distorted trait is controlled by a single gene（Br₂/br₂），and distorted trait is controlled by two genes（br₂br₂）. Weeeping trait is controlled by two recessive genes（wewe）.

Key words: peach, special trait, flower shape, leaf shape, leaf colour, tree shape