关键词: 同源四倍体, 白菜, 异源茎芥菜细胞质雄性不育, 雄蕊形态, 花药发育

Abstract:

Anther anatomical structure and development was observed using a light microscope through paraffin slices on the mustard tubers cytoplasmic male sterility line(CMS) and its corresponding maintainer line in tetraploid Chinese cabbage. The results showed that this allogenic cytoplasmic male sterility belongs to structural male sterility. There were five types in the degraded and abnormal stamens as follows:（1）peltate stamen;（2）stripe stamen;（3）sheet stamen;（4）pinnate stamen;（5）petaloid stamens. The anther development of the tetraploid chinese cabbage CMS was inhibited at two stage. The abortion of peltate stamen anther occurred at the stage of archesporial cell differentiation, at which there was no differentiation of fibrous layer, middle layers, tapetum and microspore mother cell and no anther sac formed. Peltate stamen of the allogenic cytoplasmic male sterility line belongs to non-sporange cytoplasmic male sterility. And the abortion of other types anther might occur at the stage of stamen anlage polarization. The stamen anlage deviated from the normal polarization and formed petal anlage, developing into petal.

Key words: allogenic tetraploid, Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino, mustard tubers cytoplasmic CMS, stamen Morphological, anther development