园艺学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (6): 1553-1574.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0741
吴丹丹1,2, 林梦桦2, 李亚辉2, 梁颖2,*(), 张志勇2,*(
)
收稿日期:
2025-02-17
修回日期:
2025-03-03
出版日期:
2025-06-20
发布日期:
2025-06-20
通讯作者:
基金资助:
WU Dandan1,2, LIN Menghua2, LI Yahui2, LIANG Ying2,*(), and ZHANG Zhiyong2,*(
)
Received:
2025-02-17
Revised:
2025-03-03
Published:
2025-06-20
Online:
2025-06-20
摘要: 为明晰不同采摘期和贮藏期‘玉露香’梨(Pyrus bretschneideri‘Yuluxiang’)果实品质变化规律,以露地栽培的‘玉露香’梨为对象,分别于花后140、145和150 d采摘果实,测定有机酸、可溶性糖、挥发性成分,以及不同贮藏期的品质指标。有机酸采用液相色谱仪检测,可溶性糖采用液相色谱—质谱联用仪检测,挥发性成分采用顶空—气相色谱—离子迁移谱联用仪和顶空—固相微萃取—气相色谱质谱联用仪检测。结果表明,随着采摘期延长,果实硬度逐渐下降,花后150 d显著低于140 d,可溶性固形物显著升高,总酸变化不显著;果皮和果肉中不同有机酸含量波动变化,其中果皮中奎宁酸含量最高,在花后150 d显著下降,果肉中苹果酸含量最高,先显著上升后下降;除花后150 d梨果皮中山梨糖醇含量显著下降,其他可溶性糖组分含量在果皮果肉中均随采摘期延长而上升,其中果皮中蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖含量均在花后145 d显著升高,果肉中葡萄糖、果糖含量均显著升高,蔗糖、山梨糖醇含量变化差异不显著;在果实中共鉴定出97种挥发性成分,以醛类物质为主,共筛选出7种特征香气,花后140 d梨果实特征香气成分为1-辛烯-3-酮、反式-2-壬烯醛、(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛和2-正戊基呋喃,正丁醛、β-环柠檬醛为花后145和140 d梨果实特征香气。花后150 d梨果实特征香气为异丁酸乙酯。随着贮藏时间延长,不同采摘期的梨果实硬度均持续下降,失重率持续上升,与花后150 d相比,花后140、145 d采摘的梨果实在60 d贮藏期内品质更佳。推迟采摘果实风味更佳,适当早采利于贮藏期内品质保持,宜根据上市及贮藏需求选择采摘期。
吴丹丹, 林梦桦, 李亚辉, 梁颖, 张志勇. ‘玉露香’梨不同采摘期及贮藏期果实品质变化分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2025, 52(6): 1553-1574.
WU Dandan, LIN Menghua, LI Yahui, LIANG Ying, and ZHANG Zhiyong. The Fruit Quality Variation of‘Yuluxiang’Pear at Different Picking Stages and Storage Time[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(6): 1553-1574.
花后天数/d Days after flowering | 单果质量/g Fruit weight | 硬度/(kg · cm-2) Firmness | 可溶性固形物/% Soluble solids | 总酸/(g · kg-1) Total acid |
---|---|---|---|---|
140 | 301.59 ± 3.15 a | 3.23 ± 0.24 a | 11.27 ± 0.62 b | 0.87 ± 0.05 a |
145 | 304.73 ± 6.26 a | 2.93 ± 0.29 ab | 12.80 ± 0.15 a | 0.88 ± 0.09 a |
150 | 307.20 ± 10.87 a | 2.68 ± 0.08 b | 11.77 ± 0.42 ab | 0.74 ± 0.14 a |
表1 不同采摘期‘玉露香’梨果实基础品质指标
Table 1 The basic quality indexes of‘Yuluxiang’pear at different picking stages
花后天数/d Days after flowering | 单果质量/g Fruit weight | 硬度/(kg · cm-2) Firmness | 可溶性固形物/% Soluble solids | 总酸/(g · kg-1) Total acid |
---|---|---|---|---|
140 | 301.59 ± 3.15 a | 3.23 ± 0.24 a | 11.27 ± 0.62 b | 0.87 ± 0.05 a |
145 | 304.73 ± 6.26 a | 2.93 ± 0.29 ab | 12.80 ± 0.15 a | 0.88 ± 0.09 a |
150 | 307.20 ± 10.87 a | 2.68 ± 0.08 b | 11.77 ± 0.42 ab | 0.74 ± 0.14 a |
图1 不同采摘期‘玉露香’梨果实有机酸含量 小写字母不同表示同一物质不同采摘期差异显著(n = 3,P < 0.05)。下同
Fig. 1 The contents of organic acids in‘Yuluxiang’pear at different picking stages Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in different picking stages of the same substance(n = 3,P < 0.05). The same below
类别 Type | 化合物 Volatile compound | CAS号 Chemical Abstract Service | 分子式 Molecular formula | 相对分子质量 MW | 保留指数 RI | 保留时间/s RT | 相对迁移 时间 DT | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
醇类Alcohols | 3-庚醇3-Heptanol | 589-82-2 | C7H16O | 116.2 | 899.3 | 252.383 | 1.33783 | |||||
顺-2-戊烯醇(Z)-2-Penten1ol | 1576-95-0 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 762.1 | 188.713 | 1.44506 | ||||||
1-戊烯-3-醇Pent-1-en-3-ol | 616-25-1 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 670.6 | 158.603 | 1.34867 | ||||||
乙二醇二甲醚1,2-Dimethoxyethane | 110-71-4 | C4H10O2 | 90.1 | 651.7 | 154.307 | 1.30380 | ||||||
乙二醇丁醚2-Butoxyethanol | 111-76-2 | C6H14O2 | 118.2 | 906.1 | 256.891 | 1.18231 | ||||||
2-己醇2-Hexanol | 626-93-7 | C6H14O | 102.2 | 816.3 | 210.419 | 1.26772 | ||||||
4-己烯-1-醇4-Hexen-1-ol | 6126-50-7 | C6H12O | 100.2 | 886.2 | 244.761 | 1.46307 | ||||||
正己醇1-Hexanol | 111-27-3 | C6H14O | 102.2 | 878.1 | 240.506 | 1.32130 | ||||||
反式-2-己烯-1-醇(E)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 928-95-0 | C6H12O | 100.2 | 873.4 | 238.081 | 1.18006 | ||||||
醛类Aldehydes | 2-甲基丁醛2-Methylbutyraldehyde | 96-17-3 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 661.5 | 156.524 | 1.16917 | |||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 505-57-7 | C6H10O | 98.1 | 858.6 | 230.792 | 1.51165 | ||||||
反式-2-庚醛Trans-2-Heptenal | 18829-55-5 | C7H12O | 112.2 | 960.5 | 295.962 | 1.25501 | ||||||
庚醛Heptanal | 111-71-7 | C7H14O | 114.2 | 899.0 | 252.372 | 1.34091 | ||||||
3-甲基-2-丁烯醛3-Methyl-2-butenal | 107-86-8 | C5H8O | 84.1 | 775.5 | 193.022 | 1.11013 | ||||||
正戊醛n-Pentanal | 110-62-3 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 700.5 | 166.832 | 1.19381 | ||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | 590-86-3 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 656.4 | 155.592 | 1.18117 | ||||||
(E,E)-2,4-己二烯醛 (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienal | 142-83-6 | C6H8O | 96.1 | 911.1 | 260.399 | 1.12014 | ||||||
反式-2-己烯醛(E)-2-Hexenal | 6728-26-3 | C6H10O | 98.1 | 832.5 | 217.925 | 1.18148 | ||||||
反式-2-戊烯醛Trans-2-Pentenal | 1576-87-0 | C5H8O | 84.1 | 749.9 | 183.655 | 1.10252 | ||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 123-72-8 | C4H8O | 72.1 | 592.0 | 141.750 | 1.28560 | ||||||
2-甲基丙烯醛2-Methyl-2-propenal | 78-85-3 | C4H6O | 70.1 | 579.6 | 139.235 | 1.05629 | ||||||
酸类Acids | 2-甲基戊酸2-Methyl-pentanoic acid | 97-61-0 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 956.9 | 293.057 | 1.25589 | |||||
丙酸Propanoic acid | 79-09-4 | C3H6O2 | 74.1 | 735.9 | 179.018 | 1.10545 | ||||||
异戊酸3-Methylbutanoic acid | 503-74-2 | C5H10O2 | 102.1 | 850.2 | 226.431 | 1.51331 | ||||||
丁酸Butanoic acid | 107-92-6 | C4H8O2 | 88.1 | 790.4 | 198.949 | 1.40465 | ||||||
酮类Ketones | 2-己酮2-Hexanone | 591-78-6 | C6H12O | 100.2 | 775.3 | 193.758 | 1.18844 | |||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | 106-68-3 | C8H16O | 128.2 | 992.9 | 321.872 | 1.30203 | ||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-octen-3-one | 4312-99-6 | C8H14O | 126.2 | 981.1 | 312.219 | 1.27109 | ||||||
环己酮Cyclohexanone | 108-94-1 | C6H10O | 98.1 | 889.8 | 246.682 | 1.14241 | ||||||
2-戊酮2-Pentanone | 107-87-9 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 674.0 | 159.624 | 1.11070 | ||||||
3-戊酮3-Pentanone | 96-22-0 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 690.9 | 163.766 | 1.34928 | ||||||
1-戊烯-3-酮1-Penten-3-one | 1629-58-9 | C5H8O | 84.1 | 682.0 | 161.480 | 1.08078 | ||||||
过氧化乙酰丙酮Acetoxyacetone | 592-20-1 | C5H8O3 | 116.1 | 486.7 | 121.695 | 1.17657 | ||||||
烯烃类Alkenes | β-蒎烯(-)-β-Pinene | 18172-67-3 | C10H16 | 136.2 | 962.5 | 297.486 | 1.21913 | |||||
酯类Esters | 甲酸异戊酯Isopentyl formate | 110-45-2 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 782.8 | 196.710 | 1.26577 | |||||
异丁酸乙酯Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | 97-62-1 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 755.3 | 186.152 | 1.19126 | ||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | 140-88-5 | C5H8O2 | 100.1 | 698.1 | 165.948 | 1.42123 | ||||||
甲酸丁酯Butyl formate | 592-84-7 | C5H10O2 | 102.1 | 710.5 | 170.106 | 1.19209 | ||||||
乙酸叶醇酯(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate | 3681-71-8 | C8H14O2 | 142.2 | 1 013.1 | 342.702 | 1.32678 | ||||||
巴豆酸乙酯Ethyl trans-2-butenoate | 623-70-1 | C6H10O2 | 114.1 | 865.7 | 234.156 | 1.57582 | ||||||
乙酸丁酯1-Butyl acetate | 123-86-4 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 806.6 | 206.068 | 1.23544 | ||||||
丁酸乙酯Ethyl butanoate | 105-54-4 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 794.3 | 200.669 | 1.55681 | ||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | 141-78-6 | C4H8O2 | 88.1 | 602.6 | 143.930 | 1.09457 | ||||||
乙酸甲酯Methyl acetate | 79-20-9 | C3H6O2 | 74.1 | 555.5 | 134.447 | 1.19033 | ||||||
乙酸己酯Hexyl acetate | 142-92-7 | C8H16O2 | 144.2 | 1 008.4 | 337.531 | 1.40827 | ||||||
其他类Others | 3-乙基-2-甲基吡嗪 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine | 15707-23-0 | C7H10N2 | 122.2 | 992.1 | 321.076 | 1.17599 | |||||
2,6-二甲基吡啶 2,6-Dimethylpyridine | 108-48-5 | C7H9N | 107.2 | 887.2 | 245.193 | 1.46106 | ||||||
2,5-二甲基呋喃2,5-Dimethylfuran | 625-86-5 | C6H8O | 96.1 | 696.5 | 165.394 | 1.36108 | ||||||
2-乙基呋喃2-Ethylfuran | 3208-16-0 | C6H8O | 96.1 | 719.5 | 173.128 | 1.04219 | ||||||
二丙基二硫Dipropyl disulfide | 629-19-6 | C6H14S2 | 150.3 | 1 109.3 | 466.665 | 1.47526 | ||||||
类别 Type | 化合物 Volatile compound | 不同采摘期果皮挥发性成分峰面积 The peak area of the peel in different picking stages | ||||||||||
140 DAF | 145 DAF | 150 DAF | ||||||||||
醇类Alcohols | 3-庚醇3-Heptanol | 289.67 ± 16.87 | 276.67 ± 13.94 | 265.76 ± 28.20 | ||||||||
顺-2-戊烯醇(Z)-2-Penten1ol | 363.47 ± 23.72 | 278.65 ± 61.72 | 210.19 ± 34.51 | |||||||||
1-戊烯-3-醇Pent-1-en-3-ol | 156.45 ± 1.86 | 148.64 ± 10.27 | 152.94 ± 2.90 | |||||||||
乙二醇二甲醚1,2-Dimethoxyethane | 164.57 ± 21.30 | 183.53 ± 14.50 | 126.94 ± 17.74 | |||||||||
乙二醇丁醚2-Butoxyethanol | 355.27 ± 10.17 | 368.37 ± 8.61 | 380.42 ± 21.07 | |||||||||
2-己醇2-Hexanol | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
4-己烯-1-醇4-Hexen-1-ol | 131.04 ± 2.95 | 140.04 ± 17.23 | 129.54 ± 12.42 | |||||||||
正己醇1-Hexanol | 46.05 ± 7.29 | 16.59 ± 1.85 | 14.24 ± 0.52 | |||||||||
反式-2-己烯-1-醇(E)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 3 134.4 ± 10.62 | 3 111.35 ± 62.76 | 3 139.13 ± 49.57 | |||||||||
醛类Aldehydes | 2-甲基丁醛2-Methylbutyraldehyde | 655.86 ± 33.58 | 552.26 ± 49.44 | 707.19 ± 13.05 | ||||||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 18 125.60 ± 261.32 | 18 023.16 ± 333.01 | 17 921.4 ± 291.69 | |||||||||
反式-2-庚醛Trans-2-Heptenal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
庚醛Heptanal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
3-甲基-2-丁烯醛3-Methyl-2-butenal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
正戊醛n-Pentanal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
(E,E)-2,4-己二烯醛(E,E)-2, 4-Hexadienal | 236.13 ± 27.84 | 294.79 ± 71.87 | 272.48 ± 62.90 | |||||||||
反式-2-己烯醛(E)-2-Hexenal | 522.73 ± 8.00 | 528.63 ± 23.47 | 542.06 ± 8.89 | |||||||||
反式-2-戊烯醛Trans-2-Pentenal | 652.00 ± 11.27 | 656.85 ± 26.46 | 664.45 ± 13.58 | |||||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 216.46 ± 4.02 | 163.57 ± 77.47 | 123.34 ± 21.30 | |||||||||
2-甲基丙烯醛2-Methyl-2-propenal | 769.30 ± 66.34 | 700.40 ± 114.92 | 665.76 ± 30.30 | |||||||||
酸类Acids | 2-甲基戊酸2-Methyl-pentanoic acid | 299.23 ± 8.83 | 288.85 ± 17.75 | 308.37 ± 30.19 | ||||||||
丙酸Propanoic acid | 591.25 ± 13.66 | 603.87 ± 31.17 | 654.38 ± 3.58 | |||||||||
异戊酸3-Methylbutanoic acid | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
丁酸Butanoic acid | 180.48 ± 4.54 | 165.61 ± 20.13 | 178.02 ± 5.67 | |||||||||
酮类Ketones | 2-己酮2-Hexanone | 114.54 ± 4.74 | 113.60 ± 5.14 | 115.49 ± 2.27 | ||||||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-octen-3-one | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
环己酮Cyclohexanone | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
2-戊酮2-Pentanone | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
3-戊酮3-Pentanone | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
1-戊烯-3-酮1-Penten-3-one | 188.86 ± 9.75 | 217.16 ± 2.15 | 301.87 ± 40.18 | |||||||||
过氧化乙酰丙酮Acetoxyacetone | 691.52 ± 183.40 | 621.57 ± 54.21 | 549.11 ± 58.27 | |||||||||
烯烃类Alkenes | β-蒎烯(-)-β-Pinene | 94.88 ± 11.33 | 95.42 ± 18.69 | 91.44 ± 18.73 | ||||||||
酯类Esters | 甲酸异戊酯Isopentyl formate | 146.47 ± 11.50 | 141.61 ± 9.70 | 148.83 ± 13.88 | ||||||||
异丁酸乙酯Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | 57.30 ± 2.81 | 58.42 ± 4.78 | 75.17 ± 5.33 | |||||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | 169.31 ± 9.19 | 195.61 ± 60.58 | 147.39 ± 9.43 | |||||||||
甲酸丁酯Butyl formate | 1 545.28 ± 28.38 | 1 488.52 ± 191.94 | 1 786.14 ± 27.41 | |||||||||
乙酸叶醇酯(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
巴豆酸乙酯Ethyl trans-2-butenoate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
乙酸丁酯1-Butyl acetate | 101.25 ± 4.74 | 63.72 ± 15.09 | 48.33 ± 3.58 | |||||||||
丁酸乙酯Ethyl butanoate | 11 136.61 ± 349.64 | 11 024.93 ± 7.27 | 11 559.72 ± 231.53 | |||||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | 1 279.46 ± 77.85 | 1 183.75 ± 379.92 | 1 107.19 ± 121.36 | |||||||||
乙酸甲酯Methyl acetate | 248.17 ± 45.90 | 334.15 ± 65.70 | 176.14 ± 31.28 | |||||||||
乙酸己酯Hexyl acetate | 180.77 ± 2.37 | 167.34 ± 18.10 | 174.45 ± 26.67 | |||||||||
其他类Others | 3-乙基-2-甲基吡嗪 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine | 291.71 ± 18.91 | 338.83 ± 17.25 | 292.43 ± 13.36 | ||||||||
2,6-二甲基吡啶2,6-Dimethylpyridine | 104.68 ± 4.39 | 104.53 ± 10.99 | 106.77 ± 4.88 | |||||||||
2,5-二甲基呋喃2,5-Dimethylfuran | 245.24 ± 2.51 | 230.30 ± 5.57 | 212.60 ± 10.63 | |||||||||
2-乙基呋喃2-Ethylfuran | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
二丙基二硫Dipropyl disulfide | 777.05 ± 24.31 | 701.73 ± 25.55 | 394.89 ± 30.94 | |||||||||
醇类Alcohols | 3-庚醇3-Heptanol | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
顺-2-戊烯醇(Z)-2-Penten1ol | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
1-戊烯-3-醇Pent-1-en-3-ol | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
乙二醇二甲醚1,2-Dimethoxyethane | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
乙二醇丁醚2-Butoxyethanol | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
2-己醇2-Hexanol | 2 511.61 ± 35.35 | 2 473.53 ± 67.51 | 2 306.54 ± 20.15 | |||||||||
4-己烯-1-醇4-Hexen-1-ol | 83.37 ± 7.10 | 73.30 ± 5.49 | 80.03 ± 9.70 | |||||||||
正己醇1-Hexanol | 214.77 ± 26.19 | 137.30 ±4 0.40 | 289.48 ± 92.09 | |||||||||
反式-2-己烯-1-醇(E)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 2 691.55±128.98 | 2 582.66 ± 164.21 | 2 287.91 ± 226.15 | |||||||||
醛类Aldehydes | 2-甲基丁醛2-Methylbutyraldehyde | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
反式-2-庚醛Trans-2-Heptenal | 567.49 ± 36.42 | 535.37 ± 62.35 | 427.71 ± 67.28 | |||||||||
庚醛Heptanal | 443.87 ± 36.92 | 382.24 ± 39.11 | 326.16 ± 40.41 | |||||||||
3-甲基-2-丁烯醛3-Methyl-2-butenal | 119.27 ± 8.58 | 106.04 ± 3.00 | 114.69 ± 3.21 | |||||||||
正戊醛n-Pentanal | 4 069.83 ± 81.83 | 4 009.21 ± 97.32 | 4 024.03 ± 70.64 | |||||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | 289.50 ± 9.99 | 305.75 ± 19.82 | 277.66 ± 16.75 | |||||||||
(E,E)-2,4-己二烯醛(E,E)-2, 4-Hexadienal | 41.38 ± 9.21 | 29.37 ± 6.95 | 29.34 ± 6.25 | |||||||||
反式-2-己烯醛(E)-2-Hexenal | 861.86 ± 41.22 | 915.02 ± 27.66 | 974.39 ± 35.27 | |||||||||
反式-2-戊烯醛Trans-2-Pentenal | 84.87 ± 8.51 | 72.72 ± 5.85 | 61.41 ± 6.13 | |||||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 216.97 ± 22.39 | 222.41 ± 24.33 | 91.44 ± 23.56 | |||||||||
2-甲基丙烯醛2-Methyl-2-propenal | 644.94 ± 18.75 | 541.88 ± 19.31 | 582.53 ± 16.63 | |||||||||
酸类Acids | 2-甲基戊酸2-Methyl-pentanoic acid | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
丙酸Propanoic acid | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
异戊酸3-Methylbutanoic acid | 10 121.16 ± 86.88 | 8 822.95 ± 494.39 | 8 410.2 2± 392.84 | |||||||||
丁酸Butanoic acid | 281.51 ± 8.79 | 269.43 ± 4.79 | 293.55 ± 2.41 | |||||||||
酮类Ketones | 2-己酮2-Hexanone | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | 71.55 ± 13.08 | 88.70 ± 16.07 | 102.35 ± 26.66 | |||||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-octen-3-one | 234.81 ± 19.37 | 204.79 ± 30.31 | 129.73 ± 15.66 | |||||||||
环己酮Cyclohexanone | 196.55 ± 13.13 | 175.53 ± 11.06 | 187.70 ± 6.14 | |||||||||
2-戊酮2-Pentanone | 26.06 ± 3.14 | 26.98 ± 0.41 | 29.75 ± 1.38 | |||||||||
3-戊酮3-Pentanone | 1 145.40 ± 59.47 | 1 058.28 ± 37.08 | 1 006.45 ± 51.49 | |||||||||
1-戊烯-3-酮1-Penten-3-one | 261.60 ± 24.70 | 218.43 ± 14.40 | 193.89 ± 18.55 | |||||||||
过氧化乙酰丙酮Acetoxyacetone | 570.85 ± 56.99 | 776.44 ± 70.76 | 458.48 ± 69.04 | |||||||||
烯烃类Alkenes | β-蒎烯(-)-β-Pinene | 74.42 ± 11.89 | 59.63 ± 11.52 | 58.90 ± 15.99 | ||||||||
酯类Esters | 甲酸异戊酯Isopentyl formate | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
异丁酸乙酯Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
甲酸丁酯Butyl formate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
乙酸叶醇酯(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate | 62.65 ± 11.19 | 40.13 ± 7.46 | 26.89 ± 4.30 | |||||||||
巴豆酸乙酯Ethyl trans-2-butenoate | 266.37 ± 70.37 | 336.66 ± 76.75 | 512.39 ± 51.63 | |||||||||
乙酸丁酯1-Butyl acetate | 138.45 ± 9.40 | 121.19 ± 45.07 | 89.45 ± 13.99 | |||||||||
丁酸乙酯Ethyl butanoate | 10 002.77 ± 84.56 | 9 549.11 ± 213.41 | 8 787.71 ± 251.88 | |||||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | 1 240.37 ± 100.59 | 1 312.19 ± 137.25 | 845.61 ± 132.94 | |||||||||
乙酸甲酯Methyl acetate | 349.65±149.14 | 456.5 ± 110.82 | 233.5 ± 52.94 | |||||||||
乙酸己酯Hexyl acetate | 473.21 ± 80.62 | 326.13 ± 45.95 | 251.76 ± 37.56 | |||||||||
其他类Others | 3-乙基-2-甲基吡嗪 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
2,6-二甲基吡啶2,6-Dimethylpyridine | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
2,5-二甲基呋喃2,5-Dimethylfuran | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
2-乙基呋喃2-Ethylfuran | 473.55 ± 22.12 | 403.84 ± 2.40 | 451.73 ± 39.80 | |||||||||
二丙基二硫Dipropyl disulfide | 555.57 ± 75.44 | 330.14 ± 19.94 | 265.53 ± 7.71 |
表2 不同采摘期梨果实挥发性成分HS-GC-IMS鉴定
Table 2 Identification of volatile compounds in‘Yuluxiang’pear at different picking stages by HS-GC-IMS
类别 Type | 化合物 Volatile compound | CAS号 Chemical Abstract Service | 分子式 Molecular formula | 相对分子质量 MW | 保留指数 RI | 保留时间/s RT | 相对迁移 时间 DT | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
醇类Alcohols | 3-庚醇3-Heptanol | 589-82-2 | C7H16O | 116.2 | 899.3 | 252.383 | 1.33783 | |||||
顺-2-戊烯醇(Z)-2-Penten1ol | 1576-95-0 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 762.1 | 188.713 | 1.44506 | ||||||
1-戊烯-3-醇Pent-1-en-3-ol | 616-25-1 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 670.6 | 158.603 | 1.34867 | ||||||
乙二醇二甲醚1,2-Dimethoxyethane | 110-71-4 | C4H10O2 | 90.1 | 651.7 | 154.307 | 1.30380 | ||||||
乙二醇丁醚2-Butoxyethanol | 111-76-2 | C6H14O2 | 118.2 | 906.1 | 256.891 | 1.18231 | ||||||
2-己醇2-Hexanol | 626-93-7 | C6H14O | 102.2 | 816.3 | 210.419 | 1.26772 | ||||||
4-己烯-1-醇4-Hexen-1-ol | 6126-50-7 | C6H12O | 100.2 | 886.2 | 244.761 | 1.46307 | ||||||
正己醇1-Hexanol | 111-27-3 | C6H14O | 102.2 | 878.1 | 240.506 | 1.32130 | ||||||
反式-2-己烯-1-醇(E)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 928-95-0 | C6H12O | 100.2 | 873.4 | 238.081 | 1.18006 | ||||||
醛类Aldehydes | 2-甲基丁醛2-Methylbutyraldehyde | 96-17-3 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 661.5 | 156.524 | 1.16917 | |||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 505-57-7 | C6H10O | 98.1 | 858.6 | 230.792 | 1.51165 | ||||||
反式-2-庚醛Trans-2-Heptenal | 18829-55-5 | C7H12O | 112.2 | 960.5 | 295.962 | 1.25501 | ||||||
庚醛Heptanal | 111-71-7 | C7H14O | 114.2 | 899.0 | 252.372 | 1.34091 | ||||||
3-甲基-2-丁烯醛3-Methyl-2-butenal | 107-86-8 | C5H8O | 84.1 | 775.5 | 193.022 | 1.11013 | ||||||
正戊醛n-Pentanal | 110-62-3 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 700.5 | 166.832 | 1.19381 | ||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | 590-86-3 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 656.4 | 155.592 | 1.18117 | ||||||
(E,E)-2,4-己二烯醛 (E,E)-2,4-Hexadienal | 142-83-6 | C6H8O | 96.1 | 911.1 | 260.399 | 1.12014 | ||||||
反式-2-己烯醛(E)-2-Hexenal | 6728-26-3 | C6H10O | 98.1 | 832.5 | 217.925 | 1.18148 | ||||||
反式-2-戊烯醛Trans-2-Pentenal | 1576-87-0 | C5H8O | 84.1 | 749.9 | 183.655 | 1.10252 | ||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 123-72-8 | C4H8O | 72.1 | 592.0 | 141.750 | 1.28560 | ||||||
2-甲基丙烯醛2-Methyl-2-propenal | 78-85-3 | C4H6O | 70.1 | 579.6 | 139.235 | 1.05629 | ||||||
酸类Acids | 2-甲基戊酸2-Methyl-pentanoic acid | 97-61-0 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 956.9 | 293.057 | 1.25589 | |||||
丙酸Propanoic acid | 79-09-4 | C3H6O2 | 74.1 | 735.9 | 179.018 | 1.10545 | ||||||
异戊酸3-Methylbutanoic acid | 503-74-2 | C5H10O2 | 102.1 | 850.2 | 226.431 | 1.51331 | ||||||
丁酸Butanoic acid | 107-92-6 | C4H8O2 | 88.1 | 790.4 | 198.949 | 1.40465 | ||||||
酮类Ketones | 2-己酮2-Hexanone | 591-78-6 | C6H12O | 100.2 | 775.3 | 193.758 | 1.18844 | |||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | 106-68-3 | C8H16O | 128.2 | 992.9 | 321.872 | 1.30203 | ||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-octen-3-one | 4312-99-6 | C8H14O | 126.2 | 981.1 | 312.219 | 1.27109 | ||||||
环己酮Cyclohexanone | 108-94-1 | C6H10O | 98.1 | 889.8 | 246.682 | 1.14241 | ||||||
2-戊酮2-Pentanone | 107-87-9 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 674.0 | 159.624 | 1.11070 | ||||||
3-戊酮3-Pentanone | 96-22-0 | C5H10O | 86.1 | 690.9 | 163.766 | 1.34928 | ||||||
1-戊烯-3-酮1-Penten-3-one | 1629-58-9 | C5H8O | 84.1 | 682.0 | 161.480 | 1.08078 | ||||||
过氧化乙酰丙酮Acetoxyacetone | 592-20-1 | C5H8O3 | 116.1 | 486.7 | 121.695 | 1.17657 | ||||||
烯烃类Alkenes | β-蒎烯(-)-β-Pinene | 18172-67-3 | C10H16 | 136.2 | 962.5 | 297.486 | 1.21913 | |||||
酯类Esters | 甲酸异戊酯Isopentyl formate | 110-45-2 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 782.8 | 196.710 | 1.26577 | |||||
异丁酸乙酯Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | 97-62-1 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 755.3 | 186.152 | 1.19126 | ||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | 140-88-5 | C5H8O2 | 100.1 | 698.1 | 165.948 | 1.42123 | ||||||
甲酸丁酯Butyl formate | 592-84-7 | C5H10O2 | 102.1 | 710.5 | 170.106 | 1.19209 | ||||||
乙酸叶醇酯(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate | 3681-71-8 | C8H14O2 | 142.2 | 1 013.1 | 342.702 | 1.32678 | ||||||
巴豆酸乙酯Ethyl trans-2-butenoate | 623-70-1 | C6H10O2 | 114.1 | 865.7 | 234.156 | 1.57582 | ||||||
乙酸丁酯1-Butyl acetate | 123-86-4 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 806.6 | 206.068 | 1.23544 | ||||||
丁酸乙酯Ethyl butanoate | 105-54-4 | C6H12O2 | 116.2 | 794.3 | 200.669 | 1.55681 | ||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | 141-78-6 | C4H8O2 | 88.1 | 602.6 | 143.930 | 1.09457 | ||||||
乙酸甲酯Methyl acetate | 79-20-9 | C3H6O2 | 74.1 | 555.5 | 134.447 | 1.19033 | ||||||
乙酸己酯Hexyl acetate | 142-92-7 | C8H16O2 | 144.2 | 1 008.4 | 337.531 | 1.40827 | ||||||
其他类Others | 3-乙基-2-甲基吡嗪 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine | 15707-23-0 | C7H10N2 | 122.2 | 992.1 | 321.076 | 1.17599 | |||||
2,6-二甲基吡啶 2,6-Dimethylpyridine | 108-48-5 | C7H9N | 107.2 | 887.2 | 245.193 | 1.46106 | ||||||
2,5-二甲基呋喃2,5-Dimethylfuran | 625-86-5 | C6H8O | 96.1 | 696.5 | 165.394 | 1.36108 | ||||||
2-乙基呋喃2-Ethylfuran | 3208-16-0 | C6H8O | 96.1 | 719.5 | 173.128 | 1.04219 | ||||||
二丙基二硫Dipropyl disulfide | 629-19-6 | C6H14S2 | 150.3 | 1 109.3 | 466.665 | 1.47526 | ||||||
类别 Type | 化合物 Volatile compound | 不同采摘期果皮挥发性成分峰面积 The peak area of the peel in different picking stages | ||||||||||
140 DAF | 145 DAF | 150 DAF | ||||||||||
醇类Alcohols | 3-庚醇3-Heptanol | 289.67 ± 16.87 | 276.67 ± 13.94 | 265.76 ± 28.20 | ||||||||
顺-2-戊烯醇(Z)-2-Penten1ol | 363.47 ± 23.72 | 278.65 ± 61.72 | 210.19 ± 34.51 | |||||||||
1-戊烯-3-醇Pent-1-en-3-ol | 156.45 ± 1.86 | 148.64 ± 10.27 | 152.94 ± 2.90 | |||||||||
乙二醇二甲醚1,2-Dimethoxyethane | 164.57 ± 21.30 | 183.53 ± 14.50 | 126.94 ± 17.74 | |||||||||
乙二醇丁醚2-Butoxyethanol | 355.27 ± 10.17 | 368.37 ± 8.61 | 380.42 ± 21.07 | |||||||||
2-己醇2-Hexanol | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
4-己烯-1-醇4-Hexen-1-ol | 131.04 ± 2.95 | 140.04 ± 17.23 | 129.54 ± 12.42 | |||||||||
正己醇1-Hexanol | 46.05 ± 7.29 | 16.59 ± 1.85 | 14.24 ± 0.52 | |||||||||
反式-2-己烯-1-醇(E)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 3 134.4 ± 10.62 | 3 111.35 ± 62.76 | 3 139.13 ± 49.57 | |||||||||
醛类Aldehydes | 2-甲基丁醛2-Methylbutyraldehyde | 655.86 ± 33.58 | 552.26 ± 49.44 | 707.19 ± 13.05 | ||||||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 18 125.60 ± 261.32 | 18 023.16 ± 333.01 | 17 921.4 ± 291.69 | |||||||||
反式-2-庚醛Trans-2-Heptenal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
庚醛Heptanal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
3-甲基-2-丁烯醛3-Methyl-2-butenal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
正戊醛n-Pentanal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
(E,E)-2,4-己二烯醛(E,E)-2, 4-Hexadienal | 236.13 ± 27.84 | 294.79 ± 71.87 | 272.48 ± 62.90 | |||||||||
反式-2-己烯醛(E)-2-Hexenal | 522.73 ± 8.00 | 528.63 ± 23.47 | 542.06 ± 8.89 | |||||||||
反式-2-戊烯醛Trans-2-Pentenal | 652.00 ± 11.27 | 656.85 ± 26.46 | 664.45 ± 13.58 | |||||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 216.46 ± 4.02 | 163.57 ± 77.47 | 123.34 ± 21.30 | |||||||||
2-甲基丙烯醛2-Methyl-2-propenal | 769.30 ± 66.34 | 700.40 ± 114.92 | 665.76 ± 30.30 | |||||||||
酸类Acids | 2-甲基戊酸2-Methyl-pentanoic acid | 299.23 ± 8.83 | 288.85 ± 17.75 | 308.37 ± 30.19 | ||||||||
丙酸Propanoic acid | 591.25 ± 13.66 | 603.87 ± 31.17 | 654.38 ± 3.58 | |||||||||
异戊酸3-Methylbutanoic acid | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
丁酸Butanoic acid | 180.48 ± 4.54 | 165.61 ± 20.13 | 178.02 ± 5.67 | |||||||||
酮类Ketones | 2-己酮2-Hexanone | 114.54 ± 4.74 | 113.60 ± 5.14 | 115.49 ± 2.27 | ||||||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-octen-3-one | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
环己酮Cyclohexanone | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
2-戊酮2-Pentanone | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
3-戊酮3-Pentanone | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
1-戊烯-3-酮1-Penten-3-one | 188.86 ± 9.75 | 217.16 ± 2.15 | 301.87 ± 40.18 | |||||||||
过氧化乙酰丙酮Acetoxyacetone | 691.52 ± 183.40 | 621.57 ± 54.21 | 549.11 ± 58.27 | |||||||||
烯烃类Alkenes | β-蒎烯(-)-β-Pinene | 94.88 ± 11.33 | 95.42 ± 18.69 | 91.44 ± 18.73 | ||||||||
酯类Esters | 甲酸异戊酯Isopentyl formate | 146.47 ± 11.50 | 141.61 ± 9.70 | 148.83 ± 13.88 | ||||||||
异丁酸乙酯Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | 57.30 ± 2.81 | 58.42 ± 4.78 | 75.17 ± 5.33 | |||||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | 169.31 ± 9.19 | 195.61 ± 60.58 | 147.39 ± 9.43 | |||||||||
甲酸丁酯Butyl formate | 1 545.28 ± 28.38 | 1 488.52 ± 191.94 | 1 786.14 ± 27.41 | |||||||||
乙酸叶醇酯(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
巴豆酸乙酯Ethyl trans-2-butenoate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
乙酸丁酯1-Butyl acetate | 101.25 ± 4.74 | 63.72 ± 15.09 | 48.33 ± 3.58 | |||||||||
丁酸乙酯Ethyl butanoate | 11 136.61 ± 349.64 | 11 024.93 ± 7.27 | 11 559.72 ± 231.53 | |||||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | 1 279.46 ± 77.85 | 1 183.75 ± 379.92 | 1 107.19 ± 121.36 | |||||||||
乙酸甲酯Methyl acetate | 248.17 ± 45.90 | 334.15 ± 65.70 | 176.14 ± 31.28 | |||||||||
乙酸己酯Hexyl acetate | 180.77 ± 2.37 | 167.34 ± 18.10 | 174.45 ± 26.67 | |||||||||
其他类Others | 3-乙基-2-甲基吡嗪 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine | 291.71 ± 18.91 | 338.83 ± 17.25 | 292.43 ± 13.36 | ||||||||
2,6-二甲基吡啶2,6-Dimethylpyridine | 104.68 ± 4.39 | 104.53 ± 10.99 | 106.77 ± 4.88 | |||||||||
2,5-二甲基呋喃2,5-Dimethylfuran | 245.24 ± 2.51 | 230.30 ± 5.57 | 212.60 ± 10.63 | |||||||||
2-乙基呋喃2-Ethylfuran | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
二丙基二硫Dipropyl disulfide | 777.05 ± 24.31 | 701.73 ± 25.55 | 394.89 ± 30.94 | |||||||||
醇类Alcohols | 3-庚醇3-Heptanol | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
顺-2-戊烯醇(Z)-2-Penten1ol | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
1-戊烯-3-醇Pent-1-en-3-ol | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
乙二醇二甲醚1,2-Dimethoxyethane | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
乙二醇丁醚2-Butoxyethanol | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
2-己醇2-Hexanol | 2 511.61 ± 35.35 | 2 473.53 ± 67.51 | 2 306.54 ± 20.15 | |||||||||
4-己烯-1-醇4-Hexen-1-ol | 83.37 ± 7.10 | 73.30 ± 5.49 | 80.03 ± 9.70 | |||||||||
正己醇1-Hexanol | 214.77 ± 26.19 | 137.30 ±4 0.40 | 289.48 ± 92.09 | |||||||||
反式-2-己烯-1-醇(E)-2-Hexen-1-ol | 2 691.55±128.98 | 2 582.66 ± 164.21 | 2 287.91 ± 226.15 | |||||||||
醛类Aldehydes | 2-甲基丁醛2-Methylbutyraldehyde | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
反式-2-庚醛Trans-2-Heptenal | 567.49 ± 36.42 | 535.37 ± 62.35 | 427.71 ± 67.28 | |||||||||
庚醛Heptanal | 443.87 ± 36.92 | 382.24 ± 39.11 | 326.16 ± 40.41 | |||||||||
3-甲基-2-丁烯醛3-Methyl-2-butenal | 119.27 ± 8.58 | 106.04 ± 3.00 | 114.69 ± 3.21 | |||||||||
正戊醛n-Pentanal | 4 069.83 ± 81.83 | 4 009.21 ± 97.32 | 4 024.03 ± 70.64 | |||||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | 289.50 ± 9.99 | 305.75 ± 19.82 | 277.66 ± 16.75 | |||||||||
(E,E)-2,4-己二烯醛(E,E)-2, 4-Hexadienal | 41.38 ± 9.21 | 29.37 ± 6.95 | 29.34 ± 6.25 | |||||||||
反式-2-己烯醛(E)-2-Hexenal | 861.86 ± 41.22 | 915.02 ± 27.66 | 974.39 ± 35.27 | |||||||||
反式-2-戊烯醛Trans-2-Pentenal | 84.87 ± 8.51 | 72.72 ± 5.85 | 61.41 ± 6.13 | |||||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 216.97 ± 22.39 | 222.41 ± 24.33 | 91.44 ± 23.56 | |||||||||
2-甲基丙烯醛2-Methyl-2-propenal | 644.94 ± 18.75 | 541.88 ± 19.31 | 582.53 ± 16.63 | |||||||||
酸类Acids | 2-甲基戊酸2-Methyl-pentanoic acid | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
丙酸Propanoic acid | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
异戊酸3-Methylbutanoic acid | 10 121.16 ± 86.88 | 8 822.95 ± 494.39 | 8 410.2 2± 392.84 | |||||||||
丁酸Butanoic acid | 281.51 ± 8.79 | 269.43 ± 4.79 | 293.55 ± 2.41 | |||||||||
酮类Ketones | 2-己酮2-Hexanone | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | 71.55 ± 13.08 | 88.70 ± 16.07 | 102.35 ± 26.66 | |||||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-octen-3-one | 234.81 ± 19.37 | 204.79 ± 30.31 | 129.73 ± 15.66 | |||||||||
环己酮Cyclohexanone | 196.55 ± 13.13 | 175.53 ± 11.06 | 187.70 ± 6.14 | |||||||||
2-戊酮2-Pentanone | 26.06 ± 3.14 | 26.98 ± 0.41 | 29.75 ± 1.38 | |||||||||
3-戊酮3-Pentanone | 1 145.40 ± 59.47 | 1 058.28 ± 37.08 | 1 006.45 ± 51.49 | |||||||||
1-戊烯-3-酮1-Penten-3-one | 261.60 ± 24.70 | 218.43 ± 14.40 | 193.89 ± 18.55 | |||||||||
过氧化乙酰丙酮Acetoxyacetone | 570.85 ± 56.99 | 776.44 ± 70.76 | 458.48 ± 69.04 | |||||||||
烯烃类Alkenes | β-蒎烯(-)-β-Pinene | 74.42 ± 11.89 | 59.63 ± 11.52 | 58.90 ± 15.99 | ||||||||
酯类Esters | 甲酸异戊酯Isopentyl formate | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
异丁酸乙酯Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
甲酸丁酯Butyl formate | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
乙酸叶醇酯(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate | 62.65 ± 11.19 | 40.13 ± 7.46 | 26.89 ± 4.30 | |||||||||
巴豆酸乙酯Ethyl trans-2-butenoate | 266.37 ± 70.37 | 336.66 ± 76.75 | 512.39 ± 51.63 | |||||||||
乙酸丁酯1-Butyl acetate | 138.45 ± 9.40 | 121.19 ± 45.07 | 89.45 ± 13.99 | |||||||||
丁酸乙酯Ethyl butanoate | 10 002.77 ± 84.56 | 9 549.11 ± 213.41 | 8 787.71 ± 251.88 | |||||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | 1 240.37 ± 100.59 | 1 312.19 ± 137.25 | 845.61 ± 132.94 | |||||||||
乙酸甲酯Methyl acetate | 349.65±149.14 | 456.5 ± 110.82 | 233.5 ± 52.94 | |||||||||
乙酸己酯Hexyl acetate | 473.21 ± 80.62 | 326.13 ± 45.95 | 251.76 ± 37.56 | |||||||||
其他类Others | 3-乙基-2-甲基吡嗪 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
2,6-二甲基吡啶2,6-Dimethylpyridine | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
2,5-二甲基呋喃2,5-Dimethylfuran | ND | ND | ND | |||||||||
2-乙基呋喃2-Ethylfuran | 473.55 ± 22.12 | 403.84 ± 2.40 | 451.73 ± 39.80 | |||||||||
二丙基二硫Dipropyl disulfide | 555.57 ± 75.44 | 330.14 ± 19.94 | 265.53 ± 7.71 |
类别 Type | 化合物 Volatile compound | CAS号 Chemical Abstract Service | 保留时间 RT | 保留指数 RI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
醇类Alcohols | 正己醇1-Hexanol | 111-27-3 | 14.7576 | 869 | |||
1-壬醇1-Nonanol | 143-08-8 | 27.0086 | 1 170 | ||||
2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl- | 24070-77-7 | 12.0792 | 798 | ||||
反-2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl-,trans- | 25144-04-1 | 12.0624 | 798 | ||||
环丁基甲醇Cyclobutanemethanol | 4415-82-1 | 10.8612 | 767 | ||||
3-壬醇3-Nonanol | 624-51-1 | 24.1480 | 1 095 | ||||
苏合香醇Benzenemethanol,alpha-methyl- | 98-85-1 | 24.9862 | 1 118 | ||||
醛类Aldehydes | 十五醛Pentadecanal- | 2765-11-9 | 35.3881 | 1614 | |||
(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal | 4313-03-5 | 20.7817 | 1 012 | ||||
苯甲醛Benzaldehyde | 100-52-7 | 18.8081 | 964 | ||||
癸醛Decanal | 112-31-2 | 28.3624 | 1 206 | ||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacetaldehyde | 122-78-1 | 22.2278 | 1 048 | ||||
正辛醛Octanal | 124-13-0 | 20.4453 | 1 003 | ||||
壬醛Nonanal | 124-19-6 | 24.5123 | 1 105 | ||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | 18829-56-6 | 26.6686 | 1 161 | ||||
环己烷基甲醛Cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde | 2043-61-0 | 18.5070 | 958 | ||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | 2548-87-0 | 22.7015 | 1 059 | ||||
3-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,3-ethyl- | 34246-54-3 | 26.978 | 1 170 | ||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 3913-81-3 | 30.4131 | 1 264 | ||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 432-25-7 | 29.1906 | 1 230 | ||||
4-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,4-ethyl- | 4748-78-1 | 27.5739 | 1 185 | ||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 505-57-7 | 14.1715 | 853 | ||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | 5910-87-2 | 28.7231 | 1 216 | ||||
间苯二甲醛Isophthalaldehyde | 626-19-7 | 29.6339 | 1 242 | ||||
2-甲基丁醛Butanal,2-methyl- | 96-17-3 | 7.4433 | 668 | ||||
酮类Ketones | 甲基庚烯酮5-Hepten-2-one,6-methyl- | 110-93-0 | 19.7912 | 988 | |||
仲辛酮2-Octanone | 111-13-7 | 19.9427 | 991 | ||||
甲基壬基甲酮2-Undecanone | 112-12-9 | 31.4933 | 1 294 | ||||
4-甲基苯戊酮1-Pentanone,1-(4-methylphenyl)- | 1671-77-8 | 27.3378 | 1 160 | ||||
橙化基丙酮Nerylacetone | 3879-26-3 | 36.8451 | 1 456 | ||||
2-壬酮2-Nonanone | 821-55-6 | 24.0160 | 1 092 | ||||
对乙基苯乙酮Ethanone,1-(4-ethylphenyl)- | 937-30-4 | 31.3514 | 1 270 | ||||
苯乙酮Acetophenone | 98-86-2 | 23.1772 | 1 071 | ||||
烯烃类Alkenes | 8-十七烷烯8-Heptadecene | 16369-12-3 | 43.4658 | 1 678 | |||
苯乙烯Styrene | 100-42-5 | 15.8533 | 893 | ||||
花侧柏烯(+)-Cuparene | 16982-00-6 | 38.0307 | 1 492 | ||||
α-法呢烯α-Farnesene | 502-61-4 | 38.5762 | 1 511 | ||||
酯类Esters | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid,2-phenylethyl ester | 103-45-7 | 30.3184 | 1 261 | |||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | 119-36-8 | 28.1945 | 1 202 | ||||
乙酸丁酯Acetic acid,butyl ester | 123-86-4 | 12.4971 | 812 | ||||
乙酸己酯Acetic acid,hexyl ester | 142-92-7 | 20.8096 | 1 013 | ||||
苯甲酸丙酯n-Propyl benzoate | 2315-68-6 | 34.3940 | 1 380 | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯Diisobutyl phthalate | 84-69-5 | 48.7466 | 1 873 | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯Dibutyl phthalate | 84-74-2 | 51.2549 | 1 966 | ||||
苯甲酸乙酯Benzoic acid,ethyl ester | 93-89-0 | 27.1974 | 1 175 | ||||
呋喃类Furans | 2-乙基呋喃Furan,2-ethyl- | 3208-16-0 | 8.7041 | 705 | |||
2-正戊基呋喃Furan,2-pentyl- | 3777-69-3 | 19.9995 | 993 | ||||
2-正丙基呋喃Furan2-propyl- | 4229-91-8 | 20.1763 | 997 | ||||
2-甲基苯并呋喃Benzofuran,2-methyl- | 4265-25-2 | 24.8807 | 1 114 | ||||
2-正丁基呋喃2-n-Butyl furan | 4466-24-4 | 15.7786 | 893 | ||||
其他类Others | 左旋樟脑(-)-Camphor | 464-48-2 | 26.4195 | 1 155 | |||
醋酸Acetic acid | 64-19-7 | 7.5842 | 674 | ||||
丁香酚Eugenol | 97-53-0 | 33.8680 | 1 364 | ||||
类别 Type | 化合物 Volatile compound | 不同采摘期果皮挥发性成分含量/(ng · g-1) Volatile compounds content of peel at different picking stages | |||||
140 DAF | 145 DAF | 150 DAF | |||||
醇类Alcohols | 正己醇1-Hexanol | ND | ND | 15.01 ± 4.88 | |||
1-壬醇1-Nonanol | 9.10 ± 2.24 | 11.67 ± 1.28 | ND | ||||
2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl- | 1323.05 ± 1037.26 | ND | ND | ||||
反-2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl-,trans- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
环丁基甲醇Cyclobutanemethanol | 85.46 ± 84.95 | ND | ND | ||||
3-壬醇3-Nonanol | ND | ND | ND | ||||
苏合香醇Benzenemethanol,.alpha.-methyl- | ND | 2.04 ± 1.08 | ND | ||||
醛类Aldehydes | 十五醛Pentadecanal- | ND | 4.16 ± 0.39 | ND | |||
(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal | 21.24 ± 2.61 | 29.02 ± 5.11 | ND | ||||
苯甲醛Benzaldehyde | 411.77 ± 232.49 | 33.43 ± 4.91 | ND | ||||
癸醛Decanal | 18.93 ± 9.87 | 18.81 ± 2.36 | 43.05 ± 21.31 | ||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacetaldehyde | 37.38 ± 24.16 | 59.85 ± 6.38 | 45.06 ± 33.83 | ||||
正辛醛Octanal | 24.42 ± 18.87 | 34.01 ± 8.33 | 38.69 ± 11.47 | ||||
壬醛Nonanal | 219.35 ± 118.50 | 198.21 ± 34.61 | 138.33 ± 45.58 | ||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | ND | ND | ND | ||||
环己烷基甲醛Cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde | ND | ND | ND | ||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | ND | ND | ND | ||||
3-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,3-ethyl- | ND | ND | 40.11 ± 17.63 | ||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 41.22 ± 42.55 | 10.22 ± 0.47 | 24.54 ± 12.51 | ||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 6.63 ± 2.60 | 5.59 ± 0.47 | ND | ||||
4-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,4-ethyl- | 26.64 ± 14.63 | 15.76 ± 3.71 | 11.93 ± 3.54 | ||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 4 474.10 ± 3388.29 | 6 185.75 ± 811.34 | 7 586.04 ± 2245.64 | ||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | ND | ND | ND | ||||
间苯二甲醛Isophthalaldehyde | 16.67 ± 4.39 | 19.74 ± 6.27 | 18.75 ± 12.17 | ||||
2-甲基丁醛Butanal,2-methyl- | ND | 3.39 ± 0.41 | ND | ||||
酮类Ketones | 甲基庚烯酮5-Hepten-2-one,6-methyl- | 23.12 ± 10.76 | 39.02 ± 5.44 | 29.10 ± 7.49 | |||
仲辛酮2-Octanone | ND | 5.01 ± 1.28 | ND | ||||
甲基壬基甲酮2-Undecanone | ND | 3.05 ± 0.52 | ND | ||||
4-甲基苯戊酮1-Pentanone,1-(4-methylphenyl)- | 3.84 ± 2.30 | ND | 8.02 ± 7.26 | ||||
橙化基丙酮Nerylacetone | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-壬酮2-Nonanone | ND | 5.28 ± 0.98 | ND | ||||
对乙基苯乙酮Ethanone,1-(4-ethylphenyl)- | 2 445.17 ± 1447.51 | 5.84 ± 1.74 | ND | ||||
苯乙酮Acetophenone | ND | 7.91±0.78 | ND | ||||
烯烃类Alkenes | 8-十七烷烯8-Heptadecene | 20.48 ± 13.65 | 52.04 ± 19.58 | 102.28 ± 12.11 | |||
苯乙烯Styrene | ND | ND | 19.61 ± 11.94 | ||||
花侧柏烯(+)-Cuparene | ND | 3.48 ± 0.97 | ND | ||||
α-法呢烯α-Farnesene | 354.57 ± 205.87 | 735.66 ± 289.00 | ND | ||||
酯类Esters | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid,2-phenylethyl ester | ND | ND | 328.95 ± 207.02 | |||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | 7.58 ± 3.10 | 40.09 ± 33.08 | ND | ||||
乙酸丁酯Acetic acid,butyl ester | ND | ND | ND | ||||
乙酸己酯Acetic acid,hexyl ester | 9.62 ± 5.55 | 9.68 ± 4.90 | 6.75 ± 3.04 | ||||
苯甲酸丙酯n-Propyl benzoate | 4.4 ± 0.98 | ND | ND | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯Diisobutyl phthalate | ND | ND | ND | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯Dibutyl phthalate | 7.69 ± 2.85 | 4.70 ± 1.54 | 13.88 ± 5.04 | ||||
苯甲酸乙酯Benzoic acid,ethyl ester | 7.18 ± 6.55 | 8.61 ± 6.37 | 8.72 ± 7.50 | ||||
呋喃类Furans | 2-乙基呋喃Furan,2-ethyl- | 67.36 ± 34.74 | 69.59 ± 26.78 | 38.18 ± 17.89 | |||
2-正戊基呋喃Furan,2-pentyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-正丙基呋喃Furan2-propyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-甲基苯并呋喃Benzofuran,2-methyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-正丁基呋喃2-n-Butyl furan | ND | ND | ND | ||||
其他类Others | 左旋樟脑(-)-Camphor | ND | ND | ND | |||
醋酸Acetic acid | 13.95 ± 5.65 | ND | 68.22 ± 60.39 | ||||
丁香酚Eugenol | 23.67 ± 19.23 | 5.05 ± 0.85 | 25.39 ± 21.01 | ||||
醇类Alcohols | 正己醇1-Hexanol | ND | ND | ND | |||
1-壬醇1-Nonanol | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
反-2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl-,trans- | 525.66 ± 259.45 | 1330.66 ± 591.93 | 1293.5 ± 354.11 | ||||
环丁基甲醇Cyclobutanemethanol | ND | ND | ND | ||||
3-壬醇3-Nonanol | ND | 3.84 ± 1.04 | 3.49 ± 0.70 | ||||
苏合香醇Benzenemethanol,.alpha.-methyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
醛类Aldehydes | 十五醛Pentadecanal- | ND | ND | ND | |||
(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal | ND | ND | ND | ||||
苯甲醛Benzaldehyde | ND | 23.34 ± 8.64 | 21.37 ± 9.94 | ||||
癸醛Decanal | 59.66 ± 7.88 | 42.53 ± 20.47 | 24.87 ± 4.44 | ||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacetaldehyde | ND | ND | 22.08 ± 24.02 | ||||
正辛醛Octanal | 64.38 ± 15.52 | 46.65 ± 14.14 | 29.63 ± 4.09 | ||||
壬醛Nonanal | 224.50 ± 26.82 | 173.53 ± 36.35 | 124.93 ± 51.32 | ||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | 18.75 ± 2.60 | ND | ND | ||||
环己烷基甲醛Cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde | 38.90 ± 10.35 | ND | ND | ||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | 34.42 ± 5.87 | 34.31 ± 21.16 | 19.37 ± 6.38 | ||||
3-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,3-ethyl- | 11.58 ± 0.62 | 18.89 ± 11.03 | 16.88 ± 11.32 | ||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 19.14 ± 3.26 | 14.56 ± 5.74 | 10.17 ± 1.71 | ||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 2.76 ± 0.37 | 3.11±1.66 | ND | ||||
4-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,4-ethyl- | 3.87±0.10 | 6.68 ± 3.88 | 5.71 ± 4.18 | ||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 704.82 ± 98.60 | 2 678.31 ± 2077.36 | 2 536.98 ± 1955.31 | ||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | 7.86 ± 0.70 | ND | ND | ||||
间苯二甲醛Isophthalaldehyde | 7.11 ± 0.68 | 12.75 ± 8.99 | 10.94 ± 9.45 | ||||
2-甲基丁醛Butanal,2-methyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
酮类Ketones | 甲基庚烯酮5-Hepten-2-one,6-methyl- | ND | 22.36 ± 13.68 | ND | |||
仲辛酮2-Octanone | 1.87 ± 0.21 | 3.24 ± 2.14 | ND | ||||
甲基壬基甲酮2-Undecanone | ND | ND | ND | ||||
4-甲基苯戊酮1-Pentanone,1-(4-methylphenyl)- | ND | 2.58 ± 1.39 | ND | ||||
橙化基丙酮Nerylacetone | 12.65 ± 0.85 | ND | ND | ||||
2-壬酮2-Nonanone | ND | 3.12 ± 1.94 | ND | ||||
对乙基苯乙酮Ethanone,1-(4-ethylphenyl)- | 1.77 ± 0.72 | 3.5 ± 1.27 | 2.73 ± 1.68 | ||||
苯乙酮Acetophenone | ND | 5.87 ± 1.07 | ND | ||||
烯烃类Alkenes | 8-十七烷烯8-Heptadecene | ND | ND | ND | |||
苯乙烯Styrene | 5.85 ± 4.31 | ND | ND | ||||
花侧柏烯(+)-Cuparene | ND | ND | ND | ||||
α-法呢烯α-Farnesene | ND | ND | 362.63 ± 305.93 | ||||
酯类Esters | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid,2-phenylethyl ester | 58.16 ± 9.38 | 54.73 ± 48.26 | 370.43 ± 284.23 | |||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | ND | 14.05 ± 9.77 | ND | ||||
乙酸丁酯Acetic acid,butyl ester | 2.05 ± 0.11 | ND | ND | ||||
乙酸己酯Acetic acid,hexyl ester | 15.42 ± 3.54 | 15.62 ± 1.19 | 9.66 ± 4.51 | ||||
苯甲酸丙酯n-Propyl benzoate | ND | ND | ND | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯Diisobutyl phthalate | 9.33 ± 2.22 | ND | ND | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯Dibutyl phthalate | 4.26 ± 0.91 | 7.01 ± 2.12 | 5.17 ± 1.39 | ||||
苯甲酸乙酯Benzoic acid,ethyl ester | 0.80 ± 0.19 | ND | 5.99 ± 5.52 | ||||
呋喃类Furans | 2-乙基呋喃Furan,2-ethyl- | ND | 33.77 ± 27.63 | 29.52 ± 27.90 | |||
2-正戊基呋喃Furan,2-pentyl- | 6.76 ± 2.76 | ND | ND | ||||
2-正丙基呋喃Furan2-propyl- | ND | 4.06 ± 3.63 | ND | ||||
2-甲基苯并呋喃Benzofuran,2-methyl- | 3.59 ± 0.65 | ND | ND | ||||
2-正丁基呋喃2-n-Butyl furan | 1.79 ± 1.28 | ND | ND | ||||
其他类Others | 左旋樟脑(-)-Camphor | 2.85 ± 0.37 | ND | ND | |||
醋酸Acetic acid | ND | 3.01 ± 0.77 | 7.05 ± 3.82 | ||||
丁香酚Eugenol | ND | ND | ND |
表3 不同采摘期梨果实挥发性成分HS-SPME-GC-MS鉴定
Table 3 Identification of volatile compounds in‘Yuluxiang’pear at different picking stages by HS-SPME-GC-MS
类别 Type | 化合物 Volatile compound | CAS号 Chemical Abstract Service | 保留时间 RT | 保留指数 RI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
醇类Alcohols | 正己醇1-Hexanol | 111-27-3 | 14.7576 | 869 | |||
1-壬醇1-Nonanol | 143-08-8 | 27.0086 | 1 170 | ||||
2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl- | 24070-77-7 | 12.0792 | 798 | ||||
反-2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl-,trans- | 25144-04-1 | 12.0624 | 798 | ||||
环丁基甲醇Cyclobutanemethanol | 4415-82-1 | 10.8612 | 767 | ||||
3-壬醇3-Nonanol | 624-51-1 | 24.1480 | 1 095 | ||||
苏合香醇Benzenemethanol,alpha-methyl- | 98-85-1 | 24.9862 | 1 118 | ||||
醛类Aldehydes | 十五醛Pentadecanal- | 2765-11-9 | 35.3881 | 1614 | |||
(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal | 4313-03-5 | 20.7817 | 1 012 | ||||
苯甲醛Benzaldehyde | 100-52-7 | 18.8081 | 964 | ||||
癸醛Decanal | 112-31-2 | 28.3624 | 1 206 | ||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacetaldehyde | 122-78-1 | 22.2278 | 1 048 | ||||
正辛醛Octanal | 124-13-0 | 20.4453 | 1 003 | ||||
壬醛Nonanal | 124-19-6 | 24.5123 | 1 105 | ||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | 18829-56-6 | 26.6686 | 1 161 | ||||
环己烷基甲醛Cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde | 2043-61-0 | 18.5070 | 958 | ||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | 2548-87-0 | 22.7015 | 1 059 | ||||
3-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,3-ethyl- | 34246-54-3 | 26.978 | 1 170 | ||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 3913-81-3 | 30.4131 | 1 264 | ||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 432-25-7 | 29.1906 | 1 230 | ||||
4-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,4-ethyl- | 4748-78-1 | 27.5739 | 1 185 | ||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 505-57-7 | 14.1715 | 853 | ||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | 5910-87-2 | 28.7231 | 1 216 | ||||
间苯二甲醛Isophthalaldehyde | 626-19-7 | 29.6339 | 1 242 | ||||
2-甲基丁醛Butanal,2-methyl- | 96-17-3 | 7.4433 | 668 | ||||
酮类Ketones | 甲基庚烯酮5-Hepten-2-one,6-methyl- | 110-93-0 | 19.7912 | 988 | |||
仲辛酮2-Octanone | 111-13-7 | 19.9427 | 991 | ||||
甲基壬基甲酮2-Undecanone | 112-12-9 | 31.4933 | 1 294 | ||||
4-甲基苯戊酮1-Pentanone,1-(4-methylphenyl)- | 1671-77-8 | 27.3378 | 1 160 | ||||
橙化基丙酮Nerylacetone | 3879-26-3 | 36.8451 | 1 456 | ||||
2-壬酮2-Nonanone | 821-55-6 | 24.0160 | 1 092 | ||||
对乙基苯乙酮Ethanone,1-(4-ethylphenyl)- | 937-30-4 | 31.3514 | 1 270 | ||||
苯乙酮Acetophenone | 98-86-2 | 23.1772 | 1 071 | ||||
烯烃类Alkenes | 8-十七烷烯8-Heptadecene | 16369-12-3 | 43.4658 | 1 678 | |||
苯乙烯Styrene | 100-42-5 | 15.8533 | 893 | ||||
花侧柏烯(+)-Cuparene | 16982-00-6 | 38.0307 | 1 492 | ||||
α-法呢烯α-Farnesene | 502-61-4 | 38.5762 | 1 511 | ||||
酯类Esters | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid,2-phenylethyl ester | 103-45-7 | 30.3184 | 1 261 | |||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | 119-36-8 | 28.1945 | 1 202 | ||||
乙酸丁酯Acetic acid,butyl ester | 123-86-4 | 12.4971 | 812 | ||||
乙酸己酯Acetic acid,hexyl ester | 142-92-7 | 20.8096 | 1 013 | ||||
苯甲酸丙酯n-Propyl benzoate | 2315-68-6 | 34.3940 | 1 380 | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯Diisobutyl phthalate | 84-69-5 | 48.7466 | 1 873 | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯Dibutyl phthalate | 84-74-2 | 51.2549 | 1 966 | ||||
苯甲酸乙酯Benzoic acid,ethyl ester | 93-89-0 | 27.1974 | 1 175 | ||||
呋喃类Furans | 2-乙基呋喃Furan,2-ethyl- | 3208-16-0 | 8.7041 | 705 | |||
2-正戊基呋喃Furan,2-pentyl- | 3777-69-3 | 19.9995 | 993 | ||||
2-正丙基呋喃Furan2-propyl- | 4229-91-8 | 20.1763 | 997 | ||||
2-甲基苯并呋喃Benzofuran,2-methyl- | 4265-25-2 | 24.8807 | 1 114 | ||||
2-正丁基呋喃2-n-Butyl furan | 4466-24-4 | 15.7786 | 893 | ||||
其他类Others | 左旋樟脑(-)-Camphor | 464-48-2 | 26.4195 | 1 155 | |||
醋酸Acetic acid | 64-19-7 | 7.5842 | 674 | ||||
丁香酚Eugenol | 97-53-0 | 33.8680 | 1 364 | ||||
类别 Type | 化合物 Volatile compound | 不同采摘期果皮挥发性成分含量/(ng · g-1) Volatile compounds content of peel at different picking stages | |||||
140 DAF | 145 DAF | 150 DAF | |||||
醇类Alcohols | 正己醇1-Hexanol | ND | ND | 15.01 ± 4.88 | |||
1-壬醇1-Nonanol | 9.10 ± 2.24 | 11.67 ± 1.28 | ND | ||||
2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl- | 1323.05 ± 1037.26 | ND | ND | ||||
反-2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl-,trans- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
环丁基甲醇Cyclobutanemethanol | 85.46 ± 84.95 | ND | ND | ||||
3-壬醇3-Nonanol | ND | ND | ND | ||||
苏合香醇Benzenemethanol,.alpha.-methyl- | ND | 2.04 ± 1.08 | ND | ||||
醛类Aldehydes | 十五醛Pentadecanal- | ND | 4.16 ± 0.39 | ND | |||
(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal | 21.24 ± 2.61 | 29.02 ± 5.11 | ND | ||||
苯甲醛Benzaldehyde | 411.77 ± 232.49 | 33.43 ± 4.91 | ND | ||||
癸醛Decanal | 18.93 ± 9.87 | 18.81 ± 2.36 | 43.05 ± 21.31 | ||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacetaldehyde | 37.38 ± 24.16 | 59.85 ± 6.38 | 45.06 ± 33.83 | ||||
正辛醛Octanal | 24.42 ± 18.87 | 34.01 ± 8.33 | 38.69 ± 11.47 | ||||
壬醛Nonanal | 219.35 ± 118.50 | 198.21 ± 34.61 | 138.33 ± 45.58 | ||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | ND | ND | ND | ||||
环己烷基甲醛Cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde | ND | ND | ND | ||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | ND | ND | ND | ||||
3-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,3-ethyl- | ND | ND | 40.11 ± 17.63 | ||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 41.22 ± 42.55 | 10.22 ± 0.47 | 24.54 ± 12.51 | ||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 6.63 ± 2.60 | 5.59 ± 0.47 | ND | ||||
4-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,4-ethyl- | 26.64 ± 14.63 | 15.76 ± 3.71 | 11.93 ± 3.54 | ||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 4 474.10 ± 3388.29 | 6 185.75 ± 811.34 | 7 586.04 ± 2245.64 | ||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | ND | ND | ND | ||||
间苯二甲醛Isophthalaldehyde | 16.67 ± 4.39 | 19.74 ± 6.27 | 18.75 ± 12.17 | ||||
2-甲基丁醛Butanal,2-methyl- | ND | 3.39 ± 0.41 | ND | ||||
酮类Ketones | 甲基庚烯酮5-Hepten-2-one,6-methyl- | 23.12 ± 10.76 | 39.02 ± 5.44 | 29.10 ± 7.49 | |||
仲辛酮2-Octanone | ND | 5.01 ± 1.28 | ND | ||||
甲基壬基甲酮2-Undecanone | ND | 3.05 ± 0.52 | ND | ||||
4-甲基苯戊酮1-Pentanone,1-(4-methylphenyl)- | 3.84 ± 2.30 | ND | 8.02 ± 7.26 | ||||
橙化基丙酮Nerylacetone | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-壬酮2-Nonanone | ND | 5.28 ± 0.98 | ND | ||||
对乙基苯乙酮Ethanone,1-(4-ethylphenyl)- | 2 445.17 ± 1447.51 | 5.84 ± 1.74 | ND | ||||
苯乙酮Acetophenone | ND | 7.91±0.78 | ND | ||||
烯烃类Alkenes | 8-十七烷烯8-Heptadecene | 20.48 ± 13.65 | 52.04 ± 19.58 | 102.28 ± 12.11 | |||
苯乙烯Styrene | ND | ND | 19.61 ± 11.94 | ||||
花侧柏烯(+)-Cuparene | ND | 3.48 ± 0.97 | ND | ||||
α-法呢烯α-Farnesene | 354.57 ± 205.87 | 735.66 ± 289.00 | ND | ||||
酯类Esters | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid,2-phenylethyl ester | ND | ND | 328.95 ± 207.02 | |||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | 7.58 ± 3.10 | 40.09 ± 33.08 | ND | ||||
乙酸丁酯Acetic acid,butyl ester | ND | ND | ND | ||||
乙酸己酯Acetic acid,hexyl ester | 9.62 ± 5.55 | 9.68 ± 4.90 | 6.75 ± 3.04 | ||||
苯甲酸丙酯n-Propyl benzoate | 4.4 ± 0.98 | ND | ND | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯Diisobutyl phthalate | ND | ND | ND | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯Dibutyl phthalate | 7.69 ± 2.85 | 4.70 ± 1.54 | 13.88 ± 5.04 | ||||
苯甲酸乙酯Benzoic acid,ethyl ester | 7.18 ± 6.55 | 8.61 ± 6.37 | 8.72 ± 7.50 | ||||
呋喃类Furans | 2-乙基呋喃Furan,2-ethyl- | 67.36 ± 34.74 | 69.59 ± 26.78 | 38.18 ± 17.89 | |||
2-正戊基呋喃Furan,2-pentyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-正丙基呋喃Furan2-propyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-甲基苯并呋喃Benzofuran,2-methyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-正丁基呋喃2-n-Butyl furan | ND | ND | ND | ||||
其他类Others | 左旋樟脑(-)-Camphor | ND | ND | ND | |||
醋酸Acetic acid | 13.95 ± 5.65 | ND | 68.22 ± 60.39 | ||||
丁香酚Eugenol | 23.67 ± 19.23 | 5.05 ± 0.85 | 25.39 ± 21.01 | ||||
醇类Alcohols | 正己醇1-Hexanol | ND | ND | ND | |||
1-壬醇1-Nonanol | ND | ND | ND | ||||
2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
反-2-甲基环戊醇Cyclopentanol,2-methyl-,trans- | 525.66 ± 259.45 | 1330.66 ± 591.93 | 1293.5 ± 354.11 | ||||
环丁基甲醇Cyclobutanemethanol | ND | ND | ND | ||||
3-壬醇3-Nonanol | ND | 3.84 ± 1.04 | 3.49 ± 0.70 | ||||
苏合香醇Benzenemethanol,.alpha.-methyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
醛类Aldehydes | 十五醛Pentadecanal- | ND | ND | ND | |||
(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Heptadienal | ND | ND | ND | ||||
苯甲醛Benzaldehyde | ND | 23.34 ± 8.64 | 21.37 ± 9.94 | ||||
癸醛Decanal | 59.66 ± 7.88 | 42.53 ± 20.47 | 24.87 ± 4.44 | ||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacetaldehyde | ND | ND | 22.08 ± 24.02 | ||||
正辛醛Octanal | 64.38 ± 15.52 | 46.65 ± 14.14 | 29.63 ± 4.09 | ||||
壬醛Nonanal | 224.50 ± 26.82 | 173.53 ± 36.35 | 124.93 ± 51.32 | ||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | 18.75 ± 2.60 | ND | ND | ||||
环己烷基甲醛Cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde | 38.90 ± 10.35 | ND | ND | ||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | 34.42 ± 5.87 | 34.31 ± 21.16 | 19.37 ± 6.38 | ||||
3-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,3-ethyl- | 11.58 ± 0.62 | 18.89 ± 11.03 | 16.88 ± 11.32 | ||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 19.14 ± 3.26 | 14.56 ± 5.74 | 10.17 ± 1.71 | ||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 2.76 ± 0.37 | 3.11±1.66 | ND | ||||
4-乙基苯甲醛Benzaldehyde,4-ethyl- | 3.87±0.10 | 6.68 ± 3.88 | 5.71 ± 4.18 | ||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 704.82 ± 98.60 | 2 678.31 ± 2077.36 | 2 536.98 ± 1955.31 | ||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | 7.86 ± 0.70 | ND | ND | ||||
间苯二甲醛Isophthalaldehyde | 7.11 ± 0.68 | 12.75 ± 8.99 | 10.94 ± 9.45 | ||||
2-甲基丁醛Butanal,2-methyl- | ND | ND | ND | ||||
酮类Ketones | 甲基庚烯酮5-Hepten-2-one,6-methyl- | ND | 22.36 ± 13.68 | ND | |||
仲辛酮2-Octanone | 1.87 ± 0.21 | 3.24 ± 2.14 | ND | ||||
甲基壬基甲酮2-Undecanone | ND | ND | ND | ||||
4-甲基苯戊酮1-Pentanone,1-(4-methylphenyl)- | ND | 2.58 ± 1.39 | ND | ||||
橙化基丙酮Nerylacetone | 12.65 ± 0.85 | ND | ND | ||||
2-壬酮2-Nonanone | ND | 3.12 ± 1.94 | ND | ||||
对乙基苯乙酮Ethanone,1-(4-ethylphenyl)- | 1.77 ± 0.72 | 3.5 ± 1.27 | 2.73 ± 1.68 | ||||
苯乙酮Acetophenone | ND | 5.87 ± 1.07 | ND | ||||
烯烃类Alkenes | 8-十七烷烯8-Heptadecene | ND | ND | ND | |||
苯乙烯Styrene | 5.85 ± 4.31 | ND | ND | ||||
花侧柏烯(+)-Cuparene | ND | ND | ND | ||||
α-法呢烯α-Farnesene | ND | ND | 362.63 ± 305.93 | ||||
酯类Esters | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid,2-phenylethyl ester | 58.16 ± 9.38 | 54.73 ± 48.26 | 370.43 ± 284.23 | |||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | ND | 14.05 ± 9.77 | ND | ||||
乙酸丁酯Acetic acid,butyl ester | 2.05 ± 0.11 | ND | ND | ||||
乙酸己酯Acetic acid,hexyl ester | 15.42 ± 3.54 | 15.62 ± 1.19 | 9.66 ± 4.51 | ||||
苯甲酸丙酯n-Propyl benzoate | ND | ND | ND | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯Diisobutyl phthalate | 9.33 ± 2.22 | ND | ND | ||||
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯Dibutyl phthalate | 4.26 ± 0.91 | 7.01 ± 2.12 | 5.17 ± 1.39 | ||||
苯甲酸乙酯Benzoic acid,ethyl ester | 0.80 ± 0.19 | ND | 5.99 ± 5.52 | ||||
呋喃类Furans | 2-乙基呋喃Furan,2-ethyl- | ND | 33.77 ± 27.63 | 29.52 ± 27.90 | |||
2-正戊基呋喃Furan,2-pentyl- | 6.76 ± 2.76 | ND | ND | ||||
2-正丙基呋喃Furan2-propyl- | ND | 4.06 ± 3.63 | ND | ||||
2-甲基苯并呋喃Benzofuran,2-methyl- | 3.59 ± 0.65 | ND | ND | ||||
2-正丁基呋喃2-n-Butyl furan | 1.79 ± 1.28 | ND | ND | ||||
其他类Others | 左旋樟脑(-)-Camphor | 2.85 ± 0.37 | ND | ND | |||
醋酸Acetic acid | ND | 3.01 ± 0.77 | 7.05 ± 3.82 | ||||
丁香酚Eugenol | ND | ND | ND |
图5 基于HS-GC-IMS和HS-SPME-GC-MS不同采摘期‘玉露香’梨挥发性成分PLS-DA得分图 DAF:花后天数
Fig. 5 Based on the PLS-DA value chart of the volatile compounds of‘Yuluxiang’pear at different picking stages of HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS DAF:Days after flowering
图6 基于HS-GC-IMS和HS-SPME-GC-MS不同采摘期‘玉露香’梨差异挥发性成分VIP得分图
Fig. 6 Based on the VIP value chart of the differential volatile compounds of‘Yuluxiang’pear at different picking stages of HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS
检测方法 Detection method | 化合物 Volatile compound | 阈值/ (mg · kg-1) Threshold | 不同采摘期果皮 Peel with different picking stages | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
140 DAF | 145 DAF | 150 DAF | ||||||||||
HS-GC-IMS(ROAV) | 2,6-二甲基吡啶2,6-Dimethylpyridine | 0.003 | 1.71 | 1.27 | 0.33 | |||||||
异丁酸乙酯Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | 0.00002 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | ||||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | 0.0001 | 55.84 | 50.91 | 10.68 | ||||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 0.002 | 4.40 | 2.79 | 0.22 | ||||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | 0.005 | 1.66 | 1.47 | 0.30 | ||||||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | 0.0013 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-Octen-3-one | 0.000016 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | 0.0011 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
HS-SPME-GC-MS(OAV) | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid,2-phenylethyl ester | 0.0067 | 0 | 0 | 49.10 | |||||||
癸醛Decanal | 0.003 | 6.31 | 6.27 | 14.35 | ||||||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacet aldehyde | 0.004 | 9.34 | 14.96 | 11.26 | ||||||||
正辛醛Octanal | 0.0008 | 30.53 | 42.51 | 48.36 | ||||||||
壬醛Nonanal | 0.01125 | 19.50 | 17.62 | 12.30 | ||||||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 0.017 | 2.42 | 0.60 | 1.44 | ||||||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 0.003 | 2.21 | 1.86 | 0 | ||||||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 0.03 | 149.14 | 206.19 | 252.87 | ||||||||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | 0.04 | 0.19 | 1.00 | 0 | ||||||||
丁香酚Eugenol | 0.0025 | 9.47 | 2.02 | 10.15 | ||||||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | 0.0019 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | 0.003 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | 0.0001 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
2-正戊基呋喃Furan,2-pentyl- | 0.0058 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
检测方法 Detection method | 化合物 Volatile compound | 不同采摘期果肉 Pulp with different picking stages | 气味描述 Aroma description | |||||||||
140 DAF | 145 DAF | 150 DAF | ||||||||||
HS-GC-IMS (ROAV) | 2,6-二甲基吡啶 2,6-Dimethylpyridine | ND | ND | ND | 香薄荷Savory | |||||||
异丁酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | ND | ND | ND | 水果,甜味Fruity,sweet | ||||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | ND | ND | ND | / | ||||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 0.77 | 0.94 | 1.15 | 香蕉,青草,刺激性Banana,green,pungent | ||||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | ND | ND | ND | 芳香,白兰地,葡萄Aromatic,brandy,grape | ||||||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | 0.21 | 0.72 | 6.12 | 黄油,香草,霉菌Butter,herb,mold | ||||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-Octen-3-one | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 土壤,蘑菇Earth,mushroom | ||||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | 0.60 | 1.79 | 9.53 | 柑橘,柠檬,苹果Citrus,lemon,apple | ||||||||
HS-SPME- GC-MS(OAV) | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester | 8.68 | 8.17 | 55.29 | 花,蜂蜜,玫瑰Flower,honey,rose | |||||||
癸醛Decanal | 19.89 | 14.18 | 8.29 | 花香,橙皮Floral,orange,peel | ||||||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacet aldehyde | 0 | 0 | 5.52 | 浆果,天竺葵,蜂蜜,坚果Berry,geranium,honey,nut,pungent | ||||||||
正辛醛Octanal | 80.48 | 58.31 | 37.04 | 柑橘,脂肪,绿色Citrus,fat,green,oil,pungent | ||||||||
壬醛Nonanal | 19.96 | 15.43 | 11.10 | 脂肪,花香,绿色,柠檬Fat,floral,green,lemon | ||||||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 1.13 | 0.86 | 0.60 | 脂肪,鱼,橙子Fat,fish,green,orange | ||||||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 0.92 | 1.04 | 0 | 柠檬,橙子Lemon,orange | ||||||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 23.49 | 89.28 | 84.57 | 甜杏仁Sweet almonds | ||||||||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | ND | ND | ND | 杏仁,焦糖,薄荷Almond,caramel,peppermint,sharp | ||||||||
丁香酚Eugenol | ND | ND | ND | 焦香,丁香Burnt,clove | ||||||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | 9.87 | 0 | 0 | 青草香气Grassy | ||||||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | 11.47 | 11.44 | 6.46 | 蒲公英,脂肪,水果,草,绿色 Dandelion,fat,fruit,grass,green | ||||||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛 (E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | 78.56 | 0 | 0 | 麦片,油炸,脂肪,西瓜,湿羊毛Cereal,deep fried,fat,watermelon,wet wool | ||||||||
2-正戊基呋喃 Furan,2-pentyl- | 1.17 | 0 | 0 | 黄油,花香,水果,绿豆Butter,floral,fruit,green bean |
表4 不同采摘期‘玉露香’梨的候选特征香气成分(ROAV或OAV > 1)
Table 4 Characteristic volatile compounds of‘Yuluxiang’pear at different picking stages(ROAV or OAV > 1)
检测方法 Detection method | 化合物 Volatile compound | 阈值/ (mg · kg-1) Threshold | 不同采摘期果皮 Peel with different picking stages | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
140 DAF | 145 DAF | 150 DAF | ||||||||||
HS-GC-IMS(ROAV) | 2,6-二甲基吡啶2,6-Dimethylpyridine | 0.003 | 1.71 | 1.27 | 0.33 | |||||||
异丁酸乙酯Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | 0.00002 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | ||||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | 0.0001 | 55.84 | 50.91 | 10.68 | ||||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 0.002 | 4.40 | 2.79 | 0.22 | ||||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | 0.005 | 1.66 | 1.47 | 0.30 | ||||||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | 0.0013 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-Octen-3-one | 0.000016 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | 0.0011 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
HS-SPME-GC-MS(OAV) | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid,2-phenylethyl ester | 0.0067 | 0 | 0 | 49.10 | |||||||
癸醛Decanal | 0.003 | 6.31 | 6.27 | 14.35 | ||||||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacet aldehyde | 0.004 | 9.34 | 14.96 | 11.26 | ||||||||
正辛醛Octanal | 0.0008 | 30.53 | 42.51 | 48.36 | ||||||||
壬醛Nonanal | 0.01125 | 19.50 | 17.62 | 12.30 | ||||||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 0.017 | 2.42 | 0.60 | 1.44 | ||||||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 0.003 | 2.21 | 1.86 | 0 | ||||||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 0.03 | 149.14 | 206.19 | 252.87 | ||||||||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | 0.04 | 0.19 | 1.00 | 0 | ||||||||
丁香酚Eugenol | 0.0025 | 9.47 | 2.02 | 10.15 | ||||||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | 0.0019 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | 0.003 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | 0.0001 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
2-正戊基呋喃Furan,2-pentyl- | 0.0058 | ND | ND | ND | ||||||||
检测方法 Detection method | 化合物 Volatile compound | 不同采摘期果肉 Pulp with different picking stages | 气味描述 Aroma description | |||||||||
140 DAF | 145 DAF | 150 DAF | ||||||||||
HS-GC-IMS (ROAV) | 2,6-二甲基吡啶 2,6-Dimethylpyridine | ND | ND | ND | 香薄荷Savory | |||||||
异丁酸乙酯 Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | ND | ND | ND | 水果,甜味Fruity,sweet | ||||||||
丙烯酸乙酯Ethyl acrylate | ND | ND | ND | / | ||||||||
正丁醛Butanal | 0.77 | 0.94 | 1.15 | 香蕉,青草,刺激性Banana,green,pungent | ||||||||
乙酸乙酯Acetic acid ethyl ester | ND | ND | ND | 芳香,白兰地,葡萄Aromatic,brandy,grape | ||||||||
3-辛酮3-Octanone | 0.21 | 0.72 | 6.12 | 黄油,香草,霉菌Butter,herb,mold | ||||||||
1-辛烯-3-酮1-Octen-3-one | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 土壤,蘑菇Earth,mushroom | ||||||||
异戊醛3-Methyl butanal | 0.60 | 1.79 | 9.53 | 柑橘,柠檬,苹果Citrus,lemon,apple | ||||||||
HS-SPME- GC-MS(OAV) | 乙酸苯乙酯Acetic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester | 8.68 | 8.17 | 55.29 | 花,蜂蜜,玫瑰Flower,honey,rose | |||||||
癸醛Decanal | 19.89 | 14.18 | 8.29 | 花香,橙皮Floral,orange,peel | ||||||||
苯乙醛Benzeneacet aldehyde | 0 | 0 | 5.52 | 浆果,天竺葵,蜂蜜,坚果Berry,geranium,honey,nut,pungent | ||||||||
正辛醛Octanal | 80.48 | 58.31 | 37.04 | 柑橘,脂肪,绿色Citrus,fat,green,oil,pungent | ||||||||
壬醛Nonanal | 19.96 | 15.43 | 11.10 | 脂肪,花香,绿色,柠檬Fat,floral,green,lemon | ||||||||
反式-2-癸烯醛(E)-2-Decenal | 1.13 | 0.86 | 0.60 | 脂肪,鱼,橙子Fat,fish,green,orange | ||||||||
β-环柠檬醛β-Cyclocitral | 0.92 | 1.04 | 0 | 柠檬,橙子Lemon,orange | ||||||||
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal | 23.49 | 89.28 | 84.57 | 甜杏仁Sweet almonds | ||||||||
水杨酸甲酯Methyl salicylate | ND | ND | ND | 杏仁,焦糖,薄荷Almond,caramel,peppermint,sharp | ||||||||
丁香酚Eugenol | ND | ND | ND | 焦香,丁香Burnt,clove | ||||||||
反式-2-壬烯醛(E)-2-Nonenal | 9.87 | 0 | 0 | 青草香气Grassy | ||||||||
反-2-辛烯醛(E)-2-Octenal | 11.47 | 11.44 | 6.46 | 蒲公英,脂肪,水果,草,绿色 Dandelion,fat,fruit,grass,green | ||||||||
(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛 (E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal | 78.56 | 0 | 0 | 麦片,油炸,脂肪,西瓜,湿羊毛Cereal,deep fried,fat,watermelon,wet wool | ||||||||
2-正戊基呋喃 Furan,2-pentyl- | 1.17 | 0 | 0 | 黄油,花香,水果,绿豆Butter,floral,fruit,green bean |
图7 不同采摘期‘玉露香’梨果实特征香气成分箱线图 HS-GC-IMS检出:异丁酸乙酯、1-辛烯-3-酮、正丁醛;HS-SPME-GC-MS检出:反式-2-壬烯醛、(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛、2-正戊基呋喃、β-环柠檬醛
Fig. 7 Box plot of the characteristic volatile compounds components of‘Yuluxiang’pear at different picking stages Ethyl-2-methylproanoate,1-octen-3-one,and Butanal were detected by HS-GC-IMS;(E)-2-Decelenal,(E,E)-2,4-Nonadienal,Furan,2-pentyl- and β-Cyclocitral were detected by HS-SPME-GC-MS
贮藏期/d Storage stage | 花后天数/d Days after flowering | 硬度/(kg · cm-2) Firmness | 失重率/% Weight loss rate | 总酸/(g · kg-1) Total acid | 可溶性固形物/% Soluble solids |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 140 | 3.23 ± 0.24 a | 0 a | 0.87 ± 0.05 a | 11.27 ± 0.62 b |
145 | 2.93 ± 0.29 ab | 0 a | 0.88 ± 0.09 a | 12.80 ± 0.15 a | |
150 | 2.68 ± 0.08 b | 0 a | 0.74 ± 0.14 a | 11.77 ± 0.42 ab | |
30 | 140 | 2.58 ± 0.51 a | 0.91 ± 0.75 b | 0.59 ± 0.01 a | 12.87 ± 0.62 a |
145 | 2.57 ± 0.20 a | 1.10 ± 0.67 b | 0.65 ± 0.08 a | 13.07 ± 0.56 a | |
150 | 2.50 ± 0.24 a | 1.84 ± 0.93 a | 1.02 ± 0.34 a | 11.10 ± 0.45 b | |
60 | 140 | 2.88 ± 0.16 a | 1.81 ± 1.22 b | 0.75 ± 0.10 a | 13.33 ± 0.54 a |
145 | 2.28 ± 0.09 b | 2.00 ± 0.99 b | 0.73 ± 0.23 a | 12.93 ± 0.41 a | |
150 | 2.28 ± 0.12 b | 2.59 ± 1.06 a | 0.71 ± 0.07 a | 10.73 ± 0.29 b | |
90 | 140 | 2.30 ± 0.04 a | 2.48 ± 1.44 a | 1.28 ± 0.43 a | 11.93 ± 0.34 b |
145 | 2.13 ± 0.17 a | 3.12 ± 1.44 a | 0.73 ± 0.23 a | 13.73 ± 0.29 a | |
150 | 2.10 ± 0.11 a | 3.16 ± 1.35 a | 1.21 ± 0.11 a | 10.37 ± 0.05 c | |
120 | 140 | 2.23 ± 0.25 a | 3.12 ± 1.82 a | 0.83 ± 0.11 b | 12.30 ± 0.71 b |
145 | 2.13 ± 0.24 a | 3.61 ± 1.72 a | 1.26 ± 0.06 a | 15.27 ± 0.62 a | |
150 | 2.15 ± 0.12 a | 3.71 ± 1.50 a | 0.89 ± 0.22 b | 9.90 ± 0.90 c | |
150 | 140 | 2.25 ± 0.04 a | 3.81 ± 2.22 a | 1.00 ± 0.43 a | 12.13 ± 0.24 a |
145 | 2.20 ± 0.14 a | 4.14 ± 1.96 a | 0.77 ± 0.17 a | 11.20 ± 0.43 a | |
150 | 1.85 ± 0.04 b | 4.65 ± 1.77 a | 0.84 ± 0.13 a | 11.27 ± 0.50 a |
表5 不同采摘期梨果实贮藏品质指标
Table 5 Storage quality indexes of‘Yuluxiang’pear at different picking stages
贮藏期/d Storage stage | 花后天数/d Days after flowering | 硬度/(kg · cm-2) Firmness | 失重率/% Weight loss rate | 总酸/(g · kg-1) Total acid | 可溶性固形物/% Soluble solids |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 140 | 3.23 ± 0.24 a | 0 a | 0.87 ± 0.05 a | 11.27 ± 0.62 b |
145 | 2.93 ± 0.29 ab | 0 a | 0.88 ± 0.09 a | 12.80 ± 0.15 a | |
150 | 2.68 ± 0.08 b | 0 a | 0.74 ± 0.14 a | 11.77 ± 0.42 ab | |
30 | 140 | 2.58 ± 0.51 a | 0.91 ± 0.75 b | 0.59 ± 0.01 a | 12.87 ± 0.62 a |
145 | 2.57 ± 0.20 a | 1.10 ± 0.67 b | 0.65 ± 0.08 a | 13.07 ± 0.56 a | |
150 | 2.50 ± 0.24 a | 1.84 ± 0.93 a | 1.02 ± 0.34 a | 11.10 ± 0.45 b | |
60 | 140 | 2.88 ± 0.16 a | 1.81 ± 1.22 b | 0.75 ± 0.10 a | 13.33 ± 0.54 a |
145 | 2.28 ± 0.09 b | 2.00 ± 0.99 b | 0.73 ± 0.23 a | 12.93 ± 0.41 a | |
150 | 2.28 ± 0.12 b | 2.59 ± 1.06 a | 0.71 ± 0.07 a | 10.73 ± 0.29 b | |
90 | 140 | 2.30 ± 0.04 a | 2.48 ± 1.44 a | 1.28 ± 0.43 a | 11.93 ± 0.34 b |
145 | 2.13 ± 0.17 a | 3.12 ± 1.44 a | 0.73 ± 0.23 a | 13.73 ± 0.29 a | |
150 | 2.10 ± 0.11 a | 3.16 ± 1.35 a | 1.21 ± 0.11 a | 10.37 ± 0.05 c | |
120 | 140 | 2.23 ± 0.25 a | 3.12 ± 1.82 a | 0.83 ± 0.11 b | 12.30 ± 0.71 b |
145 | 2.13 ± 0.24 a | 3.61 ± 1.72 a | 1.26 ± 0.06 a | 15.27 ± 0.62 a | |
150 | 2.15 ± 0.12 a | 3.71 ± 1.50 a | 0.89 ± 0.22 b | 9.90 ± 0.90 c | |
150 | 140 | 2.25 ± 0.04 a | 3.81 ± 2.22 a | 1.00 ± 0.43 a | 12.13 ± 0.24 a |
145 | 2.20 ± 0.14 a | 4.14 ± 1.96 a | 0.77 ± 0.17 a | 11.20 ± 0.43 a | |
150 | 1.85 ± 0.04 b | 4.65 ± 1.77 a | 0.84 ± 0.13 a | 11.27 ± 0.50 a |
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