花瓣锥形表皮细胞形态建成研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0846

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大多数被子植物花瓣近轴面的锥形表皮细胞可以通过影响花瓣的光吸收、光反射和疏水性使花拥有并保持对授粉昆虫的吸引力，还可以通过为授粉昆虫与花的接触提供“扶手”而提高授粉率。由于其重要的生物学功能和独特的形态，花瓣锥形表皮细胞被用作模式系统进行细胞形态建成调控机制的研究。本文中对花瓣锥形表皮细胞形态表型的分析方法进行说明，阐述MYB转录因子、TCP转录因子、锌指转录因子、生长素、周质微管的定向排列等在花瓣锥形表皮细胞形态建成中的作用和可能的调控机制，以期为园艺植物的遗传改良提供理论参考。

关键词: 花瓣, 锥形表皮细胞, 转录因子, 生长素, 周质微管

Abstract:

Most angiosperm species have conical epidermal cells on petal adaxial epidermides. These special shaped cells not only influence the light absorption，light reflection and surface hydrophobicity of petals to make flowers possess and maintain their attraction to pollinators，but also provide grips for pollinators to enhance pollination rate. Because of their important biologic functions and specific cell shape，petal conical epidermal cells are used as a model system to study the mechanisms of cell shape formation. This review explains the analytical method for morphological phenotypes of petal conical epidermal cells. Meanwhile，this review summarizes the current research results and elucidates the roles and possible regulatory mechanisms of MYB transcription factors，TCP transcription factors，zinc finger transcription factors，auxin and cortical microtubule arrays in the morphogenesis of petal conical epidermal cells. These research findings will provide theoretical references to the genetic improvement of horticultural plants.

Key words: petal, conical epidermal cell, transcription factor, auxin, cortical microtubule

赵泽阳, 周雨晴, 林德书, 任慧波. 花瓣锥形表皮细胞形态建成研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(7): 1695-1706.

ZHAO Zeyang, ZHOU Yuqing, LIN Deshu, REN Huibo. Advances in Morphogenesis of Petal Conical Epidermal Cells[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(7): 1695-1706.

图/表 3

图1 拟南芥花瓣锥形表皮细胞 A：花瓣近轴面和远轴面；B：花瓣；C：花瓣电子显微镜放大图；D、E：激光共聚焦显微镜下碘化丙啶染色的花瓣锥形表皮细胞基部（D）和侧面（E）；F：电子显微镜下锥形表皮细胞表面角质层条纹；G、H：激光共聚焦显微镜下荧光标记的微管转基因材料GFP-TUA6的花瓣锥形表皮细胞顶面观（G）和侧面观（H）周质微管的排列。H由福建农林大学海峡联合研究院林学中心党谢副教授提供。

Fig. 1 Petal conical epidermal cells of Arabidopsis A：The adaxial and abaxial of epidermis petals. B：Petal. C：Electron microscope magnification of petals. D-E：The bottom（D）and lateral（E）confocal images of petal epidermal conical cells stained by propidium iodide. F：A scanning electron microscope image of the cuticular striations on the surface of petal epidermal conical cells. G-H：Fluorescent-labeled microtubule transgene material GFP-TUA6 arrays of microtubules in petal conical epidermal cells under confocal top microscopy（G）and side view（H）. H provided by Dang Xie（Center of Forestry，Straits Joint Research Institute，Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University）. Ren et al.，2017；Dang et al.，2018.

图2 花瓣锥形表皮细胞形态表型分析

Fig. 2 Analyses of the morphological phenotypes of petal epidermal conical cells Ren et al.，2017；Dang et al.，2020a.

图3 花瓣锥形表皮细胞形态建成调控模式图图中箭头表示正向调控，横线表示负调控。

Fig. 3 A proposed model of the shape formation mechanism of petal conical epidermal cells The arrows indicate positive regulation，and the perpendicular lines indicate negative regulation. Glover et al.，1998；Crawford et al.，2004；Dinneny et al.，2004；Takeda et al.，2013；Saffer & Irish，2017；Dang et al.，2018，2020b；Ren et al.，2022.

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