茶树苯乙醇樱草糖苷含量相关遗传位点的挖掘

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0105

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以169个茶树种质作为关联群体，利用基于简化基因组测序（genotyping-by-sequencing，GBS）技术开发的675 245个高质量SNP标记在2018—2020年3个年份间，对茶树新梢中苯乙醇樱草糖苷的含量进行了全基因组关联分析（genome-wide association study，GWAS）。结果表明，不同年份茶树种质间的苯乙醇樱草糖苷的含量变异系数为61.50% ~ 62.09%，相关系数介于0.95 ~ 0.98（P < 0.01），广义遗传力为67.49%。3种GWAS分析模型共检测到24个与茶树苯乙醇樱草糖苷含量显著关联的稳定位点（P < 0.001），解释表型变异率为0.01% ~ 10.63%。进一步利用等位变异效应分析挖掘到36个具备24个主效位点优异等位变异且苯乙醇樱草糖苷含量显著升高的优异种质。初步筛选出10个与苯乙醇樱草糖苷含量相关的候选基因，分别为TEA020086.1、TEA003248.1、TEA013029.1、TEA021435.1、TEA016196.1、TEA029411.1、TEA014564.1、TEA014567.1、TEA014571.1和TEA014573.1，这些基因主要涉及茶树次生代谢与转录调控分子过程。

关键词: 茶树, 苯乙醇樱草糖苷, 全基因组关联分析, 候选基因, 优异等位变异

Abstract:

In this study，169 tea germplasms were used as the association population，and 675 245 high-quality SNP markers developed based on the simplified genome sequencing technology were used to perform genome-wide association study（GWAS）on the content of phenylethanol primrose glycosides in tea shoots from 2018 to 2020. The results demonstrated that the variation coefficient of phenylethanol primrose glycoside content among tea germplasms in different years was 61.50%-62.09%，the correlation coefficient was 0.95-0.98（P < 0.01），and the generalized heritability was 67.49%. Three GWAS analysis models detected a total of 24 stable sites（P < 0.001）which significantly associated with phenylethanol primrose glycosides in tea plants，explaining phenotypic variation rates ranging from 0.01% to 10.63%. Thirty-six excellent germplasm with excellent allelic variations at 24 major loci were identified and significantly increased phenylethanol primrose glycoside content by allelic effect analysis. A total of 10 candidate genes related to phenylethanol primrose glycoside content were preliminarily screened，namely TEA020086.1，TEA003248.1，TEA013029.1，TEA021435.1，TEA016196.1，TEA029411.1，TEA014564.1，TEA014567.1，TEA014571.1，and TEA014573.1，mainly involving secondary metabolism and transcrip- tional regulation molecular processes.

Key words: Camellia sinensis, phenylethyl alcohol primrose glycoside, genome-wide association study, candidate gene, elite allele

张力岚, 杨军, 王让剑. 茶树苯乙醇樱草糖苷含量相关遗传位点的挖掘[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(1): 77-90.

ZHANG Lilan, YANG Jun, WANG Rangjian. Mining of Genetic Locus of Phenylethyl Alcohol Primrose Glycoside Abundance in Tea Plants[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(1): 77-90.

图/表 8

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	04-47		16-14		16-53
	04-48		16-15		16-54

年份 Year	均值 ± 标准差/ （μg · mL^-1）	变幅/ （μg · mL^-1）	变异系数/% CV	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	相关系数 Correlation coefficient			遗传力/% H²
Year	Mean ± SD	Range	变异系数/% CV	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	2018	2019	2020	遗传力/% H²
2018	0.5030 ± 0.3106	1.9442	61.74	1.20	2.16	1.00			67.49
2019	0.3698 ± 0.2296	1.5171	62.09	1.36	3.19	0.98^**	1.00
2020	0.1964 ± 0.1208	0.8040	61.50	1.28	3.00	0.94^**	0.95^**	1.00

年份 Year	均值 ± 标准差/ （μg · mL^-1）	变幅/ （μg · mL^-1）	变异系数/% CV	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	相关系数 Correlation coefficient			遗传力/% H²
Year	Mean ± SD	Range	变异系数/% CV	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis	2018	2019	2020	遗传力/% H²
2018	0.5030 ± 0.3106	1.9442	61.74	1.20	2.16	1.00			67.49
2019	0.3698 ± 0.2296	1.5171	62.09	1.36	3.19	0.98^**	1.00
2020	0.1964 ± 0.1208	0.8040	61.50	1.28	3.00	0.94^**	0.95^**	1.00

标记	染色体	物理位置/bp	P值	等位基因	贡献率/% R²			共同年份
SNP	Chromosome	Position	P-value	Allele	2018	2019	2020	Common year
BYC_238_925613	Scaffold238	925 613	5.30E-08 ~ 9.70E-08	G/A	0.35	-	-	2018
BYC_238_925654	Scaffold238	925 654	3.53E-10 ~ 2.57E-08	C/A	1.08	1.05	0.21	2018、2019、2020
BYC_238_925695	Scaffold238	925 695	5.66E-10 ~ 9.19E-08	G/A	1.14	1.44	1.23	2018、2019、2020
BYC_238_925709	Scaffold238	925 709	3.24E-08 ~ 1.09E-07	T/C	0.59	0.58	-	2018、2019
BYC_238_925863	Scaffold238	925 863	3.02E-08 ~ 1.24E-07	A/G	4.72	5.27	-	2018、2019
BYC_238_925872	Scaffold238	925 872	5.66E-10 ~ 9.19E-08	C/T	7.84	8.21	7.68	2018、2019、2020
BYC_238_925894	Scaffold238	925 894	5.77E-10 ~ 6.23E-08	A/G	6.14	6.83	5.87	2018、2019、2020
BYC_238_925921	Scaffold238	925 921	2.09E-08 ~ 1.51E-07	G/T	6.78	7.22	6.10	2018、2019、2020
BYC_238_925929	Scaffold238	925 929	5.77E-10 ~ 6.23E-08	A/G	6.14	6.83	5.87	2018、2019、2020
BYC_238_947814	Scaffold238	947 814	6.17E-10 ~ 9.83E-08	G/A	0.03	0.07	0.04	2018、2019、2020
BYC_924_453206	Scaffold924	453 206	3.39E-08 ~ 1.02E-07	G/A	8.53	8.02	-	2018、2019
BYC_2437_362928	Scaffold2437	362 928	2.04E-09 ~ 3.27E-08	G/A	6.04	6.03	6.12	2018、2019、2020
BYC_1504_1577565	Scaffold1504	1 577 565	2.26E-08 ~ 9.40E-08	A/T	7.94	7.43	-	2018、2019
BYC_411_3676073	Scaffold411	3 676 073	6.45E-11 ~ 1.14E-07	G/A	4.70	4.87	5.10	2018、2019、2020
BYC_4560_230492	Scaffold4560	230 492	4.90E-09 ~ 6.59E-08	C/T	9.50	-	-	2018
BYC_4560_230673	Scaffold4560	230 673	2.08E-09 ~ 1.34E-07	C/A	4.89	4.67	-	2018、2019
BYC_4560_234100	Scaffold4560	234 100	2.98E-08 ~ 6.03E-08	C/A	3.76	-	-	2018
BYC_4560_234109	Scaffold4560	234 109	2.98E-08 ~ 6.03E-08	C/T	10.63	-	-	2018
BYC_4560_234338	Scaffold4560	234 338	2.98E-08 ~ 6.03E-08	T/C	1.79	-	-	2018
BYC_4560_234397	Scaffold4560	234 397	2.98E-08 ~ 6.03E-08	T/A	1.79	-	-	2018
BYC_933_263351	Scaffold933	263 351	4.08E-09 ~ 1.45E-07	T/C	2.66	2.66	2.78	2018、2019、2020
BYC_933_309886	Scaffold933	309 886	8.16E-10 ~ 7.81E-08	G/A	2.10	1.85	2.23	2018、2019、2020
BYC_933_309918	Scaffold933	309 918	8.16E-10 ~ 7.81E-08	C/T	7.42	7.04	7.69	2018、2019、2020
BYC_933_309931	Scaffold933	309 931	8.16E-10 ~ 7.81E-08	T/C	0.02	0.06	0.01	2018、2019、2020