甜瓜重要性状功能基因研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0936

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文系统回顾总结了甜瓜基因组以及控制甜瓜植株发育、产量品质、抗病抗逆等众多重要农艺生产性状基因的研究进展，以及分子育种技术在目前甜瓜重要性状功能中的应用。以期为未来甜瓜分子育种技术应用与发展提供参考。

Abstract:

This article systematically reviews and summarizes research progress on the melon genome，including genes that control important agronomic traits such as plant development，disease resistance，yield，quality，and stress tolerance. It also covers the application of molecular breeding techniques in the functional analysis of key traits in melons. The goal is to provide a reference for the future application and development of molecular breeding technologies in melons.

Key words: melon, key functional genes, review

李潇, 杨沁蓉, 夏玥琳, 王陈昊, 金荣荣, 曹虹, 薄永明, 张明方, 吕小龙. 甜瓜重要性状功能基因研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2025, 52(8): 2208-2232.

LI Xiao, YANG Qinrong, XIA Yuelin, WANG Chenhao, JIN Rongrong, CAO Hong, BO Yongming, ZHANG Mingfang, and LÜ Xiaolong. Progress in Functional Gene Research on Important Traits of Melons[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(8): 2208-2232.

图/表 8

参考文献 198

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品种名 Accession	亚种 Group	基因组全长/Mb Total length	序列N50长度/Mb Contig N50	基因数 No. of genes	完整度评估/% Completeness	参考文献 References
DHL92	ssp. melo × ssp. agrestis	375	0.72	29 980	88.30	Ruggieri et al.,2018
Payzawat	ssp. melo	386	2.86	22 924	92.78	Zhang et al.,2019
Harukei-3	ssp. melo	366	8.60	33 829	95.30	Yano et al.,2020
HS	ssp. agrestis	366	3.45	28 898	91.80	Yang et al.,2020a
IVF77	ssp. agrestis	360	0.49	27 073	88.44	Ling et al.,2021
Tam Dew	ssp. melo	367	3.40	28 256	96.00	Oren et al.,2023
Dulce	ssp. melo	365	7.10	28 203	96.00	Oren et al.,2023
Charmono	ssp. melo	366	6.80	31 348	96.40	Pichot et al.,2022
Kuizilikjiz	ssp. melo	378	31.70	32 693	98.60	Wei et al.,2023
821_Hap1	ssp. melo	373	10.26	27 685	95.30	Li et al.,2023a
821_Hap2	ssp. melo	364	11.86	27 258	95.00	Li et al.,2023a
Mapao	ssp. agrestis	392	12.12	21 192	97.82	Lyu et al.,2023
PI511890	ssp. agrestis	364	31.00	31 556	98.7	Mo et al.,2024
P84	ssp. agrestis	380	14.93	24 499	98.70	Chen et al.,2024

品种名 Accession	亚种 Group	基因组全长/Mb Total length	序列N50长度/Mb Contig N50	基因数 No. of genes	完整度评估/% Completeness	参考文献 References
DHL92	ssp. melo × ssp. agrestis	375	0.72	29 980	88.30	Ruggieri et al.,2018
Payzawat	ssp. melo	386	2.86	22 924	92.78	Zhang et al.,2019
Harukei-3	ssp. melo	366	8.60	33 829	95.30	Yano et al.,2020
HS	ssp. agrestis	366	3.45	28 898	91.80	Yang et al.,2020a
IVF77	ssp. agrestis	360	0.49	27 073	88.44	Ling et al.,2021
Tam Dew	ssp. melo	367	3.40	28 256	96.00	Oren et al.,2023
Dulce	ssp. melo	365	7.10	28 203	96.00	Oren et al.,2023
Charmono	ssp. melo	366	6.80	31 348	96.40	Pichot et al.,2022
Kuizilikjiz	ssp. melo	378	31.70	32 693	98.60	Wei et al.,2023
821_Hap1	ssp. melo	373	10.26	27 685	95.30	Li et al.,2023a
821_Hap2	ssp. melo	364	11.86	27 258	95.00	Li et al.,2023a
Mapao	ssp. agrestis	392	12.12	21 192	97.82	Lyu et al.,2023
PI511890	ssp. agrestis	364	31.00	31 556	98.7	Mo et al.,2024
P84	ssp. agrestis	380	14.93	24 499	98.70	Chen et al.,2024

性状 Trait	表型 Phenotype	遗传方式 Genetic method	候选功能基因 Candidate functional gene	基因编号 Gene ID	参考文献 Reference
植株结构 Plant structure	短节间Short internode	单隐性Single recessive	CmSI	MELO3C016916	Yang et al.,2020b
	全雄株Androecy	单隐性Single recessive	CmACS11	MELO3C010779	Boualem et al.,2015
	完全株Hermaphrodite	单隐性Single recessive	CmEIN3	Cmc02g0042081	Rashid et al.,2023
	完全株Hermaphrodite	单隐性Single recessive	CmEIL1	Cmc03g0073661	Rashid et al.,2023
雄性不育 Male sterility	雄性不育Male sterility	单隐性Single recessive	Ms-5/AMS	MELO3C021654	Sheng et al.,2017

性状 Trait	表型 Phenotype	遗传方式 Genetic method	候选功能基因 Candidate functional gene	基因编号 Gene ID	参考文献 Reference
植株结构 Plant structure	短节间Short internode	单隐性Single recessive	CmSI	MELO3C016916	Yang et al.,2020b
	全雄株Androecy	单隐性Single recessive	CmACS11	MELO3C010779	Boualem et al.,2015
	完全株Hermaphrodite	单隐性Single recessive	CmEIN3	Cmc02g0042081	Rashid et al.,2023
	完全株Hermaphrodite	单隐性Single recessive	CmEIL1	Cmc03g0073661	Rashid et al.,2023
雄性不育 Male sterility	雄性不育Male sterility	单隐性Single recessive	Ms-5/AMS	MELO3C021654	Sheng et al.,2017

性状 Trait	表型 Phenotype	遗传方式 Genetic method	候选功能基因 Candidate functional gene	基因编号 Gene ID	参考文献 Reference
分枝能力 Branching	多侧枝More branches	数量性状Quantitative trait	CmSVPc	MELO3C018601	Fang et al.,2023
性型分化 Floral sex type	雄全同株Andromonoecy	单隐性Single recessive	CmACS-7	MELO3C015444	Kenigsbuch &Cohen,1990；Boualem et al.,2008
	全雌株Gynoecy	单隐性Single recessive	CmWIP1	MELO3C000454	Kenigsbuch & Cohen,1990；Martin et al.,2009
	全雄株Androecy	单隐性Single recessive	CmCRC	Cmc10g0266651	Zhang et al.,2022c
	雄全同株Andromonoecy	单隐性Single recessive	CmHB40	MELO3C007809	Rashid et al.,2023
	完全株Hermaphrodite	单隐性Single recessive	CmCPR5	MELO3C007802	Wang et al.,2022c