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园艺学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8): 1457-1469.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0538

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

饥饿胁迫下龙眼落果与果皮和离区糖、ABA及相关基因表达的变化

杨为海1, 曾利珍1, 肖秋生1, 石胜友2,*()   

  1. 1宜春学院生命科学与资源环境学院,江西宜春 336000
    2中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-17 修回日期:2021-04-06 出版日期:2021-08-25 发布日期:2021-09-06
  • 通讯作者: 石胜友 E-mail:ssy7299@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020220006);广东省自然科学基金项目(2020A1515011365);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-32-02);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(1630062020003)

Changes of Fruit Abscission and Carbohydrate,ABA and Related Genes Expression in the Pericarp and Fruit Abscission Zone of Longan Under Starvation Stress

YANG Weihai1, ZENG Lizhen1, XIAO Qiusheng1, SHI Shengyou2,*()   

  1. 1College of Life Science and Resources and Environment,Yichun University,Yichun,Jiangxi 336000,China
    2South Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China
  • Received:2021-01-17 Revised:2021-04-06 Online:2021-08-25 Published:2021-09-06
  • Contact: SHI Shengyou E-mail:ssy7299@163.com

摘要:

为探究“饥饿胁迫”诱导龙眼果实脱落的调控机制,以‘储良’龙眼为试材,在果实发育早期对结果母枝进行环剥去叶处理,模拟中断果穗碳素供应所引发的饥饿胁迫,测定处理后0、1、3、5、6 d果皮及果柄离区的糖与脱落酸(ABA)含量及相关基因的表达水平。结果表明:果实在处理后5 ~ 6 d发生大量脱落;果皮中可溶性总糖及各组分(葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖)含量显著下降,以3 d内的降幅较大,且蔗糖与葡萄糖的降幅显著大于果糖;离区的可溶性总糖及蔗糖含量也发生类似的变化。处理后ABA含量在果皮中的变化不明显,但在离区中显著增加。饥饿胁迫总体上减弱了果皮与离区中糖与ABA相关基因的表达,在果实脱落早期有关蔗糖代谢基因(NISS1SPS1)、糖信号基因(HXK2TPS1SnRK2)及ABA代谢基因(AAO3NCEDBG)的表达均明显下降,但在大量落果时期NISS1HXK2SnRK2、AAO3NCED等基因的表达一度增强,使得蔗糖急剧减少,导致糖信号的产生和ABA的积累。以上结果说明,糖与ABA之间的信息交流可能与碳水化合物饥饿胁迫诱导的龙眼果实脱落有关。

关键词: 龙眼, 环剥去叶, 饥饿胁迫, 碳水化合物, 脱落酸, 果皮, 离区, 落果

Abstract:

In order to explore the regulation mechanism of longan fruit abscission induced by “starvation stress”,a treatment of girdling and defoliation was made on the bearing shoots of longan cultivar‘Chuliang’at the early stage of fruit development,simulating starvation stress induced by interrupting carbon supply to fruit cluster,and the levels of carbohydrate,abscisic acid(ABA)and related genes expression in the pericarp and the pedicel abscission zone were investigated at 0,1,3,5 and 6 d after treatment,respectively. The results showed that a severe fruit drop occurred at 5-6 d after starvation stress treatment,the contents of total soluble sugar and its components(glucose,fructose,sucrose)in pericarp were significantly decreased,and the reduction was relatively large during 3 d after treatment,with the decreases of sucrose and glucose significantly larger than fructose. Meanwhile,the similar changes in the levels of total soluble sugar and sucrose also occurred in abscission zone. After being treated,ABA content did not change obviously in pericarp,while increased significantly in abscission zone. Starvation stress generally decreased the expression of genes related to carbohydrate and ABA in the pericarp and abscission zone,the expressions of genes involved in sugar metabolism(NI,SS1,SPS1),sugar signaling(HXK2,TPS1,SnRK2)and ABA metabolism(AAO3,NCED,BG)were significantly decreased during the early stage of fruit shedding,whereas NI,SS1,HXK2,SnRK2,AAO3 and NCED genes were expressed with up-regulation in the period of severe fruit drop,resulting in the sharply decreased sucrose,occurring of sugar signal and ABA accumulation. These results suggested that a crosstalk between sugar and ABA may be related to longan fruitlet abscission induced by carbohydrate starvation.

Key words: longan, girdling and defoliation, starvation stress, carbohydrate, abscisic acid, pericarp, abscission zone, fruit abscission

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