菊花花香突变体香气成分鉴定与萜烯合酶基因表达特性分析

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0870

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

香气是菊花的关键品质性状之一。为探究菊花挥发性物质的差异积累及其生物合成机制，本研究以菊花品种‘粉妍’及其突变体为材料，采用顶空固相微萃取—气相色谱—质谱联用（HS-GC-MS）、转录组测序以及实时荧光定量PCR（RT-qPCR）等技术，系统分析了二者挥发性成分的差异，并筛选相关萜烯合酶基因。研究发现，在两者挥发性物质中检测到56种共有成分，均以萜烯类化合物为主，分别在‘粉妍’和其突变体中鉴定出6种和9种特有成分。结合转录组与RT-qPCR分析，共发现6个差异表达的萜烯合酶基因，3个上调、3个下调。其中，萜烯合酶7（Terpene synthase 7，c25536.graph_c0）表达量最高且差异显著，推测其为调控萜烯类化合物差异积累的关键基因。

关键词: 菊花, 香气, 挥发性物质, 萜烯合酶, HS-GC-MS

Abstract:

Aroma is one of the key quality traits of chrysanthemum. To investigate the differential accumulation of volatile compounds and their biosynthetic mechanisms in chrysanthemum，this study used the chrysanthemum cultivar‘Pink Yan’and its mutant as materials. Techniques including headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS），transcriptome sequencing，and quantitative real-time PCR（RT-qPCR）were employed to systematically analyze differences in volatile components and screen related terpene synthase genes. The research showed 56 common components were detected in the volatile substances of the two，mainly terpenes，and 6 and 9 unique components were identified in‘Pink Yan’and mutant. Integrated transcriptome and RT-qPCR analyses revealed six differentially expressed terpene synthase genes，three of which were up-regulated and three down-regulated. Among them，Terpene synthase 7 gene（c25536.graph_c0）showed the highest expression level and significant differential expression，suggesting it may be a key gene regulating the differential accumulation of terpenoid compounds.

Key words: chrysanthemum, aroma compounds, floral scent, terpene synthase, HS-GC-MS

黄雅雯, 黄洪峰, 王智灵, 陈思雨, 张世琦, 洪波, 顾钊宇. 菊花花香突变体香气成分鉴定与萜烯合酶基因表达特性分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2026, 53(2): 513-524.

HUANG Yawen, HUANG Hongfeng, WANG Zhiling, CHEN Siyu, ZHANG Shiqi, HONG Bo, GU Zhaoyu. Identification of Aroma Components and Analysis of Expression Characteristics of Terpene Synthase Genes in Chrysanthemum Floral Scent Mutants[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(2): 513-524.

图/表 6

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材料 Material	化合物名称 Compound name	化合物类型 Compound class
粉妍 Pink Yan	芳樟醇 Linalool	萜烯类 Terpene
	1-（6,6-二甲基-2-双环[3.1.0]己-2-烯基）乙酮2-Ethanone,1-（6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en-2-yl）-	酮类 Ketone
	7,11-二甲基-3-亚甲基十二烷-1,6,10-三烯 1,6,10-Dodecatriene,7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-,（E）-	萜烯类 Terpene
	石竹素 Caryophyllene oxide	萜烯类 Terpene
	α-广藿香烯 α-Patchoulene	萜烯类 Terpene
	4（10）-侧柏烯-3-醇乙酸酯 Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-ol,4-methylene-1-（1-methylethyl）-,acetate	萜烯类 Terpene
突变体 Mutant	2-甲基丁酸-2-甲基丁酯 Butanoic acid,2-methyl-,2-methylbutyl ester	萜烯类 Terpene
	4（10）-侧柏烯-3-醇 Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-ol,4-methylene-1-（1-methylethyl）-,（1α,3α,5α）-	萜烯类 Terpene
	γ-榄香烯 γ-Elemene	萜烯类 Terpene
	α-衣兰烯 Ylangene	萜烯类 Terpene
	异长叶烯 Isolongifolene	萜烯类 Terpene
	δ-杜松烯 Naphthalene,1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-（1-methylethyl）-,（1S-cis）-	萜烯类 Terpene
	1,E-8,Z-10-十六碳三烯 1,E-8,Z-10-Hexadecatriene	萜烯类 Terpene
	亚麻醇 Linoleyl alcohol	萜烯类 Terpene
	4-异丙基苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde,4-（1-methylethyl）-	萜烯类 Terpene

材料 Material	化合物名称 Compound name	化合物类型 Compound class
粉妍 Pink Yan	芳樟醇 Linalool	萜烯类 Terpene
	1-（6,6-二甲基-2-双环[3.1.0]己-2-烯基）乙酮2-Ethanone,1-（6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en-2-yl）-	酮类 Ketone
	7,11-二甲基-3-亚甲基十二烷-1,6,10-三烯 1,6,10-Dodecatriene,7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-,（E）-	萜烯类 Terpene
	石竹素 Caryophyllene oxide	萜烯类 Terpene
	α-广藿香烯 α-Patchoulene	萜烯类 Terpene
	4（10）-侧柏烯-3-醇乙酸酯 Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-ol,4-methylene-1-（1-methylethyl）-,acetate	萜烯类 Terpene
突变体 Mutant	2-甲基丁酸-2-甲基丁酯 Butanoic acid,2-methyl-,2-methylbutyl ester	萜烯类 Terpene
	4（10）-侧柏烯-3-醇 Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-ol,4-methylene-1-（1-methylethyl）-,（1α,3α,5α）-	萜烯类 Terpene
	γ-榄香烯 γ-Elemene	萜烯类 Terpene
	α-衣兰烯 Ylangene	萜烯类 Terpene
	异长叶烯 Isolongifolene	萜烯类 Terpene
	δ-杜松烯 Naphthalene,1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-（1-methylethyl）-,（1S-cis）-	萜烯类 Terpene
	1,E-8,Z-10-十六碳三烯 1,E-8,Z-10-Hexadecatriene	萜烯类 Terpene
	亚麻醇 Linoleyl alcohol	萜烯类 Terpene
	4-异丙基苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde,4-（1-methylethyl）-	萜烯类 Terpene

材料 Material	化合物名称 Compound name	化合物类型 Compound class	CAS Chemical abstracts service registry number	化合物浓度/（mg · kg^-1） Odour content	化合物觉察阈值/（mg · kg^-1） Odour threshold value	OAV
粉妍 Pink Yan	芳樟醇Linalool	萜烯类 Terpene	78-70-6	0.163	0.006	27.16666667
粉妍 Pink Yan	石竹素 Caryophyllene oxide	萜烯类 Terpene	1139-30-6	0.097	0.410	0.236585366
突变体 Mutant	2-甲基丁酸，2-甲基丁酯 Butanoic acid,2-methyl-,2- methy- lbutyl ester	萜烯类 Terpene	2445-78-5	0.127	0.075	1.693333333
突变体 Mutant	4-异丙基苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde, 4-(1-methylethyl)-	萜烯类 Terpene	122-03-2	0.067	0.400	0.1675

材料 Material	化合物名称 Compound name	化合物类型 Compound class	CAS Chemical abstracts service registry number	化合物浓度/（mg · kg^-1） Odour content	化合物觉察阈值/（mg · kg^-1） Odour threshold value	OAV
粉妍 Pink Yan	芳樟醇Linalool	萜烯类 Terpene	78-70-6	0.163	0.006	27.16666667
粉妍 Pink Yan	石竹素 Caryophyllene oxide	萜烯类 Terpene	1139-30-6	0.097	0.410	0.236585366
突变体 Mutant	2-甲基丁酸，2-甲基丁酯 Butanoic acid,2-methyl-,2- methy- lbutyl ester	萜烯类 Terpene	2445-78-5	0.127	0.075	1.693333333
突变体 Mutant	4-异丙基苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde, 4-(1-methylethyl)-	萜烯类 Terpene	122-03-2	0.067	0.400	0.1675