七种香橙种质挥发性物质比较分析

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0081

园艺学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 25-40.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0081

• 遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学 • 上一篇下一篇

七种香橙种质挥发性物质比较分析

康婧博¹^,², 温欢¹^,², 吴群³, 敖义俊⁴, 陈嘉景¹^,², 刘园¹^,²^,^*(), 徐娟¹^,²^,^*()

¹ 华中农业大学园艺林学学院，果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室，武汉 430070
² 华中农业大学园艺产品感官评价与品质检测中心，武汉 430070
³ 衢州市农业林业科学研究院，浙江衢州 324000
⁴ 城固县果业技术指导站，陕西城固 723200

收稿日期:2025-03-26 修回日期:2025-11-19 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-26
通讯作者:
^*E-mail：xujuan@mail.hzau.edu.cn，
luiyuer@webmail.hzau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金—区域创新联合发展基金重点支持项目(U22A20492); 湖北洪山实验室基础研究类重大项目(2022hszd021)

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Seven Citrus junos Germplasms

KANG Jingbo¹^,², WEN Huan¹^,², WU Qun³, AO Yijun⁴, CHEN Jiajing¹^,², LIU Yuan¹^,²^,^*(), XU Juan¹^,²^,^*()

¹ National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops， College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences，Huazhong Agricultural University， Wuhan 430070， China
² Horticultural Products Sensory Evaluation and Quality Testing Center， Huazhong Agricultural University， Wuhan 430070， China
³ Quzhou Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences， Quzhou， Zhejiang 324000， China
⁴ Chenggu Fruit Technology Guidance Station， Chenggu， Shaanxi 723200， China

Received:2025-03-26 Revised:2025-11-19 Published:2026-01-25 Online:2026-01-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以7份香橙种质成熟果黄皮层为试验材料，采用甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）萃取法结合气相色谱—质谱联用技术（GC-MS）对香橙挥发性物质进行检测分析，进一步结合相对气味活性值（ROAV）分析筛选香橙种质的主要香气活性物质。7份香橙种质共鉴定出65种挥发性物质，包括56种萜类化合物、7种醛类化合物和2种酯类化合物。其中，α-蒎烯、β-月桂烯、d-柠檬烯、γ-松油烯、芳樟醇、反式-β-法尼烯、吉马烯D等18种挥发性物质为7种香橙共有；另有21种挥发性物质仅能在单一种质中检测到，如巴中香橙中的α-法尼烯、α-甜橙醛等，蟹橙中N-甲基邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯等，资阳香橙中的十四醛、十六醛等。7种香橙挥发性物质均以单萜含量占比最高，达93%以上；倍半萜类物质在资阳香橙中相对百分含量最高，为5.32%，巴中香橙中则最低，仅为0.92%。基于挥发性物质种类和含量的聚类分析可以将巴中香橙、蟹橙与其他香橙种质明确区分。ROAV分析进一步筛选出7种香橙的气味活性物质，分别为芳樟醇（玫瑰、桂花香）、d-柠檬烯（柠檬、甜香）、β-月桂烯（油脂、膏香）和α-蒎烯（松节油、樟脑味）、癸醛（橙皮、肥皂味）、α-水芹烯（薄荷、甜香）和壬醛（玫瑰、橙皮味）；其中芳樟醇、d-柠檬烯和β-月桂烯最为重要。

关键词: 香橙, 挥发性物质, 气相色谱—质谱联用技术, 相对气味活性值

Abstract:

In order to explore the aroma quality characteristics of different Citrus junos germplasms，the flavedo of ripe fruits of seven C. junos germplasms were used as experimental materials，and methyl tert-butyl ether（MTBE）solvent extraction method combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）was applied to detect and analyze volatile compounds in C. junos，and relative odor activity value（ROAV）analysis was further used to screen the main aroma active compounds of orange germplasm. The results indicate that a total of 65 volatile compounds were identified in seven germplasms，including 56 terpenes，7 aldehydes，and 2 esters. Among them，18 volatile components were common to all seven germplasms，including α-pinene，β-myrcene，d-limonene，γ-terpinene，linalool，trans-β-farnesene，germacrene D，etc. There were also 21 volatile compounds that can only be detected in a single germplasm，such as α-farnesene and α-sinensal in Bazhong Xiangcheng，Methyl N-methylanthranilate in Xiecheng，and tetradecanal and hexadecanal in Ziyang Xiangcheng，etc. In addition，the monoterpenes content was the highest in C. junos，reaching more than 93% in all seven C. junos germplasms. Among the seven C. junos，Ziyang Xiangcheng had the highest sesquiterpenes content （5.32%），while Bazhong Xiangcheng had the lowest sesquiterpenes content（0.92%）. Cluster analysis based on the types and contents of volatile substances clearly distinguished Bazhong Xiangcheng and Xiecheng from other germplasms. Through ROAV analysis，seven characteristic aroma compounds were screened from the seven germplasms，including linalool（rose，osmanthus），d-limonene（lemon，sweet），β-myrcene (oil，balsam），α-pinene（turpentine，camphor），decanal（orange peel，soap），α-phellandrene （mint，sweet）and nonanal（rose，orange peel）. Among them，linalool，d-limonene and β-myrcene were the most important aroma active compounds of C. junos.

Key words: Citrus junos, volatile compounds, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, relative odor activity value

康婧博, 温欢, 吴群, 敖义俊, 陈嘉景, 刘园, 徐娟. 七种香橙种质挥发性物质比较分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2026, 53(1): 25-40.

KANG Jingbo, WEN Huan, WU Qun, AO Yijun, CHEN Jiajing, LIU Yuan, XU Juan. Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Seven Citrus junos Germplasms[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(1): 25-40.

图/表 7

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名称 Name	花后天数/d Days after flowering	采样时间 Sampling time	采样地点 Sampling location
日本香柚 Japanese Yuzu	210	2023-11-15	浙江省衢州市十里丰试验基地 Shilifeng Experimental Base，Quzhou City，Zhejiang Province
资阳香橙 Ziyang Xiangcheng	210	2023-11-17	华中农业大学国家柑橘育种中心 National Citrus Breeding Center of Huazhong Agricultural University
巴中香橙 Bazhong Xiangcheng	210	2023-11-29	西南大学柑桔研究所 Citrus Research Institute，Southwest University
慈利香橙 Cili Xiangcheng	210	2023-11-29	西南大学柑桔研究所 Citrus Research Institute，Southwest University
黄皮酸橙 Huangpi Sour Orange	210	2023-12-26	西南大学柑桔研究所 Citrus Research Institute，Southwest University
城固香橙 Chenggu Xiangcheng	220	2023-12-01	陕西省城固县柑橘实验站 Citrus Experimental Station in Chenggu County，Shaanxi Province
蟹橙Xiecheng	210	2023-11-17	浙江省台州市黄岩区Huangyan District，Taizhou City，Zhejiang Province

名称 Name	花后天数/d Days after flowering	采样时间 Sampling time	采样地点 Sampling location
日本香柚 Japanese Yuzu	210	2023-11-15	浙江省衢州市十里丰试验基地 Shilifeng Experimental Base，Quzhou City，Zhejiang Province
资阳香橙 Ziyang Xiangcheng	210	2023-11-17	华中农业大学国家柑橘育种中心 National Citrus Breeding Center of Huazhong Agricultural University
巴中香橙 Bazhong Xiangcheng	210	2023-11-29	西南大学柑桔研究所 Citrus Research Institute，Southwest University
慈利香橙 Cili Xiangcheng	210	2023-11-29	西南大学柑桔研究所 Citrus Research Institute，Southwest University
黄皮酸橙 Huangpi Sour Orange	210	2023-12-26	西南大学柑桔研究所 Citrus Research Institute，Southwest University
城固香橙 Chenggu Xiangcheng	220	2023-12-01	陕西省城固县柑橘实验站 Citrus Experimental Station in Chenggu County，Shaanxi Province
蟹橙Xiecheng	210	2023-11-17	浙江省台州市黄岩区Huangyan District，Taizhou City，Zhejiang Province

编号 No.		挥发性物质 Volatiles	保留时间/min Reten- tion time		保留指数 Retention index	含量/（μg · g^-1）Content
编号 No.		挥发性物质 Volatiles	保留时间/min Reten- tion time		保留指数 Retention index	日本香柚 Japanese Yuzu			资阳香橙 Ziyang Xiangcheng	巴中香橙 Bazhong Xiangcheng	慈利香橙 Cili Xiangcheng	黄皮酸橙 Huangpi Sour Orange		城固香橙 Chenggu Xiangcheng		蟹橙 Xiecheng
单萜 Monoterpenes
1		α-侧柏烯 α-Thujene	12.24		929 ± 2	51.77 ± 14.05 c			95.53 ± 1.30 b	148.24 ± 28.76 a	48.89 ± 10.44 c	74.96 ± 18.33 bc		91.07 ± 5.03 b		58.27 ± 9.87 c
2		α-蒎烯 α-Pinene	12.56		937 ± 3	215.73 ± 57.73 de			481.64 ± 17.61 a	387.59 ± 70.63 b	183.66 ± 36.13 e	276.21 ± 66.58 cd		325.24 ± 17.05 bc		216.13 ± 39.11 de
3		莰烯 Camphene	13.24		952 ± 2	—			—	—	—	—		3.33 ± 0.32		-
4		水合桧烯 Sabinene	15.10		974 ± 2	31.87 ± 6.56 c			85.94 ± 4.13 a	-	31.11 ± 7.79 c	45.07 ± 11.83 b		49.15 ± 3.67 b		29.45 ± 5.63 c
5		β-蒎烯 β-Pinene	15.19		979 ± 2	105.20 ± 26.74 d			206.63 ± 6.05 b	308.05 ± 54.48 a	101.19 ± 23.19 d	151.15 ± 37.96 cd		168.67 ± 8.42 bc		117.27 ± 20.09 cd
6		β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	16.45		991 ± 2	266.86 ± 55.46 c			469.07 ± 17.88 a	221.72 ± 32.92 c	236.10 ± 52.75 c	312.50 ± 76.46 bc		356.65 ± 18.70 b		236.78 ± 47.40 c
7		α-水芹烯 α-Phellandrene	17.16		1 005 ± 2	106.67 ± 22.59 bcd			412.81 ± 23.01 a	42.07 ± 7.72 e	92.97 ± 21.59 cd	126.98 ± 29.58 bc		131.57 ± 5.87 b		78.83 ± 15.05 d
8		α-松油烯 α-Terpinene	17.98		1 017 ± 2	31.74 ± 5.94 d			60.18 ± 1.39 a	45.33 ± 9.70 bc	33.88 ± 6.29 cd	49.03 ± 9.94 ab		56.90 ± 3.10 ab		36.62 ± 5.71 cd
9		对-伞花烃 p-Cymene	18.59		1 025 ± 2	43.14 ± 6.70 b			3.98 ± 1.30 b	1 230.52 ± 339.49 a	44.97 ± 10.99 b	110.46 ± 18.94 b		69.40 ± 3.51 b		54.37 ± 5.34 b
10		d-柠檬烯 d-Limonene	18.94		—	17 572.90 ± 3 728.71 b			33 870.20 ± 1 551.59 a	10 372.60 ± 1 345.51 d	12 118.08 ± 2 305.74 cd	15 071.8 ± 3 142.41 bc		17 923.98 ± 1 018.44 b		12 539.51 ± 2 221.16 cd
11		反式-β-罗勒烯 trans-β-Ocimene	20.39		1 049 ± 2	61.06 ± 6.77 b			166.98 ± 9.29 a	41.66 ± 8.36 c	27.32 ± 6.70 c	75.13 ± 10.08 b		64.03 ± 3.03 b		64.78 ± 15.54 b
12		γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	20.97		1 060 ± 3	3 386.63 ± 900.58 b			7 180.27 ± 155.87 a	3 160.53 ± 572.74 bc	1 536.87 ± 259.57 de	2 210.46 ± 489.10 cde		2 459.94 ± 116.24 bcd		1 224.53 ± 101.42 e
13		萜品油烯 Terpinolene	22.98		1 088 ± 2	116.60 ± 64.16 bc			327.88 ± 9.81 a	161.81 ± 29.01 b	77.33 ± 14.04 c	111.97 ± 25.18 bc		118.50 ± 5.79 bc		103.94 ± 17.43 c
14		波斯菊萜 Cosmene	26.43		1 131 ± 1	—			—	—	3.21 ± 0.45 c	7.62 ± 1.19 a		4.71 ± 0.23 b		3.95 ± 0.69 bc
					小计 Subtotal	21 990.18 ± 4 889.26 b			43 361.11 ± 1 752.79 a	16 120.13 ± 2 310.19 c	14 535.59 ± 2 747.78 c	18 623.35 ± 3 933.34 bc		21 823.13 ± 1 193.87 b		14 764.43 ± 3 103.14 c
单萜醛 Monoterpene aldehydes
15		香茅醛 Citronellal	27.40		1 153 ± 2	—			—	1.65 ± 0.23 a	—	—		—		1.34 ± 0.21 b
16		薄荷醛 Perillal	35.54		1 272 ± 4	—			—	4.36 ± 0.57 b	—	—		—		9.85 ± 2.18 a
					小计 Subtotal	—			—	6.02 ± 0.79 b	—	—		—		11.19 ± 2.39 a
单萜醇 Monoterpene alcohols
17		顺式-4-香桧醇 cis-Sabinene hydrate	21.40		1 070 ± 4	—			—	21.20 ± 3.14 a	—	—		12.95 ± 0.47 b		—
18		芳樟醇 Linalool	24.22		1 099 ± 2	138.26 ± 25.41 c			205.43 ± 46.58 b	139.91 ± 25.04 c	114.73 ± 15.73 c	246.36 ± 32.86 b		367.65 ± 15.65 a		11.79 ± 2.93 d
19		4-萜烯醇 Terpinen-4-ol	29.38		1 177 ± 2	4.61 ± 0.68 d			10.39 ± 3.03 ab	13.27 ± 2.84 a	5.91 ± 0.74 cd	9.30 ± 1.86 bc		9.12 ± 0.13 bc		8.88 ± 2.03 bc
20		α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	30.50		1 189 ± 2	16.07 ± 2.94 e			105.47 ± 25.90 a	56.00 ± 8.08 b	20.74 ± 3.04 de	28.93 ± 3.54 cde		48.33 ± 2.31 bc		39.18 ± 7.69 bcd
					小计 Subtotal	158.94 ± 28.99 d			321.29 ± 72.52 b	230.38 ± 38.43 c	141.38 ± 16.76 d	284.59 ± 37.92 bc		438.05 ± 16.68 a		59.84 ± 12.61 e
单萜酚 Monoterpene phenols
21		甲基百里酚 Methylthymol	33.04		1 235 ± 2	—			—	—	—	—		—		3.01 ± 0.44
22		香芹酚 Carvacrol	38.05		1 299 ± 2	—			—	—	20.21 ± 4.96 d	54.16 ± 5.11 b		36.02 ± 1.18 c		74.99 ± 8.00 a
					小计 Subtotal	—			—	—	20.21 ± 4.96 d	54.16 ± 5.11 b		36.02 ± 1.18 c		78.00 ± 8.43 a
23		乙酸香芹酯 Carvyl acetate	39.34	1 336 ± 3			—		—	1.21 ± 0.17 b	—	—	—			—
24		乙酸香叶酯 Geranyl acetate	42.81	1 382 ± 3			—		—	—	—	—	—			3.60 ± 0.50
				小计 Subtotal			—		—	1.21 ± 0.17 b	—	—	—			3.60 ± 0.50 a
单萜酮 Monoterpene ketones
25		香芹酮 Carvone	33.53	1 242 ± 4			—		—	5.92 ± 1.34	—	—	—			—
				小计 Subtotal			—		—	5.92 ± 1.34	—	—	—			—
单萜氧化物 Monoterpene oxides
26		顺式-柠檬烯氧化物 cis- Limonene oxide	25.86	1 134 ± 4			—		—	3.54 ± 0.94	—	—	—			—
27		反式-柠檬烯氧化物 trans- Limonene oxide	26.19	1 138 ± 3			—		—	5.75 ± 1.14 a	3.57 ± 0.64 bc	4.31 ± 0.34 abc	2.88 ± 0.10 c			5.11 ± 1.83 ab
				小计 Subtotal			—		—	9.29 ± 2.05 a	3.57 ± 0.64 bc	4.31 ± 0.34 bc	2.88 ± 0.10 c			5.11 ± 1.83 b
倍半萜 Sesquiterpenes
28		δ-榄香烯 δ-Elemene	39.89	1 338 ± 2			13.58 ± 1.42 bc		97.05 ± 22.88 a	—	12.32 ± 1.95 bc	23.44 ± 3.47 b	19.68 ± 0.14 bc			5.79 ± 0.73 c
29		α-荜澄茄油烯 α-Cubebene	40.67	1 351 ± 2			—		9.29 ± 1.20 a	—	1.75 ± 0.25 b	2.60 ± 0.30 b	2.11 ± 0.17 b			—
30		古巴烯 Copaene	42.31	1 376 ± 2			8.92 ± 1.06 b		41.53 ± 4.66 a	—	7.16 ± 0.90 b	6.91 ± 0.66 b	9.33 ± 0.45 b			—
31		β-荜澄茄油烯 β-Cubebene	43.25	1 389 ± 2			6.67 ± 0.78 bc		19.45 ± 2.08 a	—	5.44 ± 0.81 c	5.45 ± 0.38 c	7.53 ± 0.47 b			—
32		β-榄香烯 β-Elemene	43.44	1 391 ± 2			5.72 ± 0.65 bc		35.64 ± 6.75 a	—	5.11 ± 1.01 bc	8.65 ± 0.74 b	7.19 ± 0.35 b			1.57 ± 0.19 c
33		倍半侧柏烯 Sesquithujene	44.36	1 402 ± 10			—		6.75 ± 1.03	—	—	—	—			—
34		石竹烯 Caryophyllene	45.00	1 419 ± 3			35.42 ± 4.88 b		30.54 ± 2.44 b	—	32.39 ± 4.90 b	52.14 ± 3.88 a	48.79 ± 1.87 a			—
35		γ-榄香烯 γ-Elemene	45.76	1 434 ± 4			—		—	—	1.01 ± 0.22 b	1.75 ± 0.24 a	1.63 ± 0.13 a			—
36		α-愈创木烯 α-Guaiene	46.00	1 439 ± 2			—		—	—	—	1.31 ± 0.06	—			—
37		蛇麻烯 Humulene	47.12	1 454 ± 3			7.45 ± 0.76 cd		32.54 ± 3.22 a	—	6.47 ± 1.03 d	10.70 ± 1.00 b	9.52 ± 0.43 bc			1.16 ± 0.13 e
38		反式-β-法尼烯trans-β-Farnesene	47.58	1 457 ± 2			61.87 ± 6.89 d		435.22 ± 34.15 a	17.07 ± 2.02 e	75.80 ± 13.27 d	57.16 ± 7.93 d	122.37 ± 3.46 c			200.53 ± 18.96 b
39		吉马烯D Germacrene D	48.83	1 481 ± 3			29.49 ± 3.52 c		265.47 ± 18.99 a	10.98 ± 1.38 d	27.13 ± 3.81 c	44.64 ± 5.03 b	55.88 ± 1.86 b			11.17 ± 0.99 d
40		双环吉马烯 Bicycloger- macrene	49.77	1 495 ± 4			231.47 ± 24.64 c		1 202.15 ± 102.13 a	6.25 ± 0.95 d	200.65 ± 39.34 c	339.61 ± 36.37 b	250.80 ± 9.07 c			—
41		α-衣兰油烯 α-Muurolene	49.85	1 499 ± 3			—		—	—	4.95 ± 1.16	—	—			—
42		α-芹子烯 α-Selinene	50.30	1 505 ± 3			10.55 ± 0.52 d		75.78 ± 5.65 a	—	—	21.23 ± 3.02 b	16.73 ± 0.85 c			4.79 ± 0.10 e
43		δ-愈创木烯δ-Guaiene	50.01	1 505 ± 3			—		—	—	10.40 ± 1.49	—	—			—
44		α-法尼烯 α-Farnesene	50.41	1 508 ± 2			—		—	117.40 ± 8.32	—	—	—			—
45		α-阿拉斯加烯 α-Alaskene	51.02	1 515 ± N/A			—		—	—	—	13.28 ± 2.43 a	10.74 ± 0.01 b			—
46		β-姜黄烯 β-Curcumene	51.28	1 514 ± 3			3.56 ± 0.39 b		38.47 ± 3.36 a	—	—	—	—			—
47		δ-杜松烯 δ-Cadinene	51.48	1 524 ± 2			15.95 ± 1.40 c		124.57 ± 11.79 a	—	23.73 ± 1.25 bc	25.93 ± 3.34 b	31.21 ± 1.73 b			—
48		吉马烯B Germacrene B	53.28	1 557 ± 3			25.15 ± 2.00 d		66.84 ± 6.45 a	2.83 ± 0.16 f	26.84 ± 4.11 d	54.32 ± 3.90 b	48.02 ± 1.60 c			15.35 ± 1.16 e
				小计 Subtotal			455.83 ± 46.80 c		2 481.29 ± 223.09 a	154.53 ± 21.20 d	441.15 ± 72.35 c	669.12 ± 66.73 b	641.53 ± 19.46 b			240.38 ± 22.00 d
倍半萜醇 Sesquiterpene alcohols
49		橙花叔醇 Nerolidol	52.97	1 564 ± 4			—		—	2.36 ± 0.96	—	—	—			—
50		反式-橙花叔醇 trans-Nerolidol	53.71	1 564 ± 2			—		32.72 ± 5.18 a	—	—	—	—			2.48 ± 0.14 b
51		反式倍半桧烯水合物 trans-Sesquisa- binene hydrate	55.19	1 581 ± 2			—		—	—	—	—	—			1.88 ± 0.17
52		吉马烯D-4-醇 Germacrene D- 4-ol	54.28	1 574 ± 2			34.57 ± 3.57 c		150.23 ± 16.09 a	—	33.01 ± 6.83 c	56.26 ± 4.89 b	41.95 ± 1.35 c			—
53		韦得醇 Widdrol	56.89	1 610 ± 10			—		—	—	—	—	2.56 ± 0.06			—
54		β-桉叶油醇 β-Eudesmol	58.55	1 649 ± 2			—		—	—	—	3.60 ± 0.44 a	3.25 ± 0.20 b			—
				小计 Subtotal			34.57 ± 3.57 c		182.95 ± 21.21 a	2.36 ± 0.96 d	33.01 ± 6.83 c	59.86 ± 4.98 b	47.76 ± 1.17 bc			4.35 ± 0.31 d
倍半萜醛 Sesquiterpene aldehydes
55		β-甜橙醛 β-Sinensal	61.09	1 695 ± 5			—		—	15.10 ± 3.21	—	—	—			—
56		α-甜橙醛 α-Sinensal	64.10	1 752 ± 4			—		—	140.57 ± 18.04	—	—	—			—
				小计 Subtotal			—		—	155.66 ± 21.11	—	—	—			—
醛 Aldehydes
57		3-己烯醛 3-Hexenal	6.13	810 ± 8			40.97 ± 8.58 b		66.82 ± 9.88 a	34.41 ± 1.90 bcd	25.34 ± 5.54 d	27.99 ± 1.52 cd	25.62 ± 1.64 d			37.56 ± 5.04 bc
58		壬醛 Nonanal	24.04	1 104 ± 2			—		—	—	—	—	—			11.57 ± 2.40
59		癸醛 Decanal	31.07	1 206 ± 2			—		145.98 ± 18.58 a	29.32 ± 4.61 b	4.00 ± 0.28 c	4.18 ± 0.63 c	7.78 ± 0.57 c			43.18 ± 9.83 b
60		十一醛 Undecanal	37.89	1 307 ± 2			—		—	3.08 ± 0.27	—	—	—			—
61		月桂醛 Dodecanal	44.37	1 409 ± 4			—		21.46 ± 3.07 a	10.54 ± 1.50 b	1.24 ± 0.21 c	1.58 ± 0.23 c	—			—
62		十四醛 Tetradecanal	56.79	1 613 ± 2			—		14.09 ± 1.10	—	—	—	—			—
63		十六醛 Hexadecanal	67.27	1 817 ± 6			—		17.43 ± 0.65	—	—	—	—			—
				小计 Subtotal			40.97 ± 8.58 c		265.79 ± 19.49 a	77.34 ± 5.38 b	30.58 ± 5.89 c	33.75 ± 1.89 c	33.41 ± 2.12 c			92.30 ± 7.18 b
64	2-甲基辛酸甲酯 Methyl 2-methyloctanoate		28.08	1 156 ± 2			—	—	2.60 ± 0.30 a	—	—			—	2.71 ± 0.07 a
65	N-甲基邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯 Methyl N-methylan- thranilate		44.24	1 408 ± 4			—	—	—	—	—			—	177.15 ± 24.31
				小计 Subtotal			—	—	2.60 ± 0.30 b	—	—			—	179.86 ± 24.36 a
				总计 Total			22 680.50 ± 4 962.57 b	46 612.43 ± 1 990.96 a	16 765.44 ± 2 385.35 c	15 205.48 ± 2 783.00 c	19 729.15 ± 4 049.08 bc			23 022.78 ± 1 228.28 b	15 439.07 ± 3 167.78 c

编号 No.		挥发性物质 Volatiles	保留时间/min Reten- tion time		保留指数 Retention index	含量/（μg · g^-1）Content
编号 No.		挥发性物质 Volatiles	保留时间/min Reten- tion time		保留指数 Retention index	日本香柚 Japanese Yuzu			资阳香橙 Ziyang Xiangcheng	巴中香橙 Bazhong Xiangcheng	慈利香橙 Cili Xiangcheng	黄皮酸橙 Huangpi Sour Orange		城固香橙 Chenggu Xiangcheng		蟹橙 Xiecheng
单萜 Monoterpenes
1		α-侧柏烯 α-Thujene	12.24		929 ± 2	51.77 ± 14.05 c			95.53 ± 1.30 b	148.24 ± 28.76 a	48.89 ± 10.44 c	74.96 ± 18.33 bc		91.07 ± 5.03 b		58.27 ± 9.87 c
2		α-蒎烯 α-Pinene	12.56		937 ± 3	215.73 ± 57.73 de			481.64 ± 17.61 a	387.59 ± 70.63 b	183.66 ± 36.13 e	276.21 ± 66.58 cd		325.24 ± 17.05 bc		216.13 ± 39.11 de
3		莰烯 Camphene	13.24		952 ± 2	—			—	—	—	—		3.33 ± 0.32		-
4		水合桧烯 Sabinene	15.10		974 ± 2	31.87 ± 6.56 c			85.94 ± 4.13 a	-	31.11 ± 7.79 c	45.07 ± 11.83 b		49.15 ± 3.67 b		29.45 ± 5.63 c
5		β-蒎烯 β-Pinene	15.19		979 ± 2	105.20 ± 26.74 d			206.63 ± 6.05 b	308.05 ± 54.48 a	101.19 ± 23.19 d	151.15 ± 37.96 cd		168.67 ± 8.42 bc		117.27 ± 20.09 cd
6		β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	16.45		991 ± 2	266.86 ± 55.46 c			469.07 ± 17.88 a	221.72 ± 32.92 c	236.10 ± 52.75 c	312.50 ± 76.46 bc		356.65 ± 18.70 b		236.78 ± 47.40 c
7		α-水芹烯 α-Phellandrene	17.16		1 005 ± 2	106.67 ± 22.59 bcd			412.81 ± 23.01 a	42.07 ± 7.72 e	92.97 ± 21.59 cd	126.98 ± 29.58 bc		131.57 ± 5.87 b		78.83 ± 15.05 d
8		α-松油烯 α-Terpinene	17.98		1 017 ± 2	31.74 ± 5.94 d			60.18 ± 1.39 a	45.33 ± 9.70 bc	33.88 ± 6.29 cd	49.03 ± 9.94 ab		56.90 ± 3.10 ab		36.62 ± 5.71 cd
9		对-伞花烃 p-Cymene	18.59		1 025 ± 2	43.14 ± 6.70 b			3.98 ± 1.30 b	1 230.52 ± 339.49 a	44.97 ± 10.99 b	110.46 ± 18.94 b		69.40 ± 3.51 b		54.37 ± 5.34 b
10		d-柠檬烯 d-Limonene	18.94		—	17 572.90 ± 3 728.71 b			33 870.20 ± 1 551.59 a	10 372.60 ± 1 345.51 d	12 118.08 ± 2 305.74 cd	15 071.8 ± 3 142.41 bc		17 923.98 ± 1 018.44 b		12 539.51 ± 2 221.16 cd
11		反式-β-罗勒烯 trans-β-Ocimene	20.39		1 049 ± 2	61.06 ± 6.77 b			166.98 ± 9.29 a	41.66 ± 8.36 c	27.32 ± 6.70 c	75.13 ± 10.08 b		64.03 ± 3.03 b		64.78 ± 15.54 b
12		γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	20.97		1 060 ± 3	3 386.63 ± 900.58 b			7 180.27 ± 155.87 a	3 160.53 ± 572.74 bc	1 536.87 ± 259.57 de	2 210.46 ± 489.10 cde		2 459.94 ± 116.24 bcd		1 224.53 ± 101.42 e
13		萜品油烯 Terpinolene	22.98		1 088 ± 2	116.60 ± 64.16 bc			327.88 ± 9.81 a	161.81 ± 29.01 b	77.33 ± 14.04 c	111.97 ± 25.18 bc		118.50 ± 5.79 bc		103.94 ± 17.43 c
14		波斯菊萜 Cosmene	26.43		1 131 ± 1	—			—	—	3.21 ± 0.45 c	7.62 ± 1.19 a		4.71 ± 0.23 b		3.95 ± 0.69 bc
					小计 Subtotal	21 990.18 ± 4 889.26 b			43 361.11 ± 1 752.79 a	16 120.13 ± 2 310.19 c	14 535.59 ± 2 747.78 c	18 623.35 ± 3 933.34 bc		21 823.13 ± 1 193.87 b		14 764.43 ± 3 103.14 c
单萜醛 Monoterpene aldehydes
15		香茅醛 Citronellal	27.40		1 153 ± 2	—			—	1.65 ± 0.23 a	—	—		—		1.34 ± 0.21 b
16		薄荷醛 Perillal	35.54		1 272 ± 4	—			—	4.36 ± 0.57 b	—	—		—		9.85 ± 2.18 a
					小计 Subtotal	—			—	6.02 ± 0.79 b	—	—		—		11.19 ± 2.39 a
单萜醇 Monoterpene alcohols
17		顺式-4-香桧醇 cis-Sabinene hydrate	21.40		1 070 ± 4	—			—	21.20 ± 3.14 a	—	—		12.95 ± 0.47 b		—
18		芳樟醇 Linalool	24.22		1 099 ± 2	138.26 ± 25.41 c			205.43 ± 46.58 b	139.91 ± 25.04 c	114.73 ± 15.73 c	246.36 ± 32.86 b		367.65 ± 15.65 a		11.79 ± 2.93 d
19		4-萜烯醇 Terpinen-4-ol	29.38		1 177 ± 2	4.61 ± 0.68 d			10.39 ± 3.03 ab	13.27 ± 2.84 a	5.91 ± 0.74 cd	9.30 ± 1.86 bc		9.12 ± 0.13 bc		8.88 ± 2.03 bc
20		α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	30.50		1 189 ± 2	16.07 ± 2.94 e			105.47 ± 25.90 a	56.00 ± 8.08 b	20.74 ± 3.04 de	28.93 ± 3.54 cde		48.33 ± 2.31 bc		39.18 ± 7.69 bcd
					小计 Subtotal	158.94 ± 28.99 d			321.29 ± 72.52 b	230.38 ± 38.43 c	141.38 ± 16.76 d	284.59 ± 37.92 bc		438.05 ± 16.68 a		59.84 ± 12.61 e
单萜酚 Monoterpene phenols
21		甲基百里酚 Methylthymol	33.04		1 235 ± 2	—			—	—	—	—		—		3.01 ± 0.44
22		香芹酚 Carvacrol	38.05		1 299 ± 2	—			—	—	20.21 ± 4.96 d	54.16 ± 5.11 b		36.02 ± 1.18 c		74.99 ± 8.00 a
					小计 Subtotal	—			—	—	20.21 ± 4.96 d	54.16 ± 5.11 b		36.02 ± 1.18 c		78.00 ± 8.43 a
23		乙酸香芹酯 Carvyl acetate	39.34	1 336 ± 3			—		—	1.21 ± 0.17 b	—	—	—			—
24		乙酸香叶酯 Geranyl acetate	42.81	1 382 ± 3			—		—	—	—	—	—			3.60 ± 0.50
				小计 Subtotal			—		—	1.21 ± 0.17 b	—	—	—			3.60 ± 0.50 a
单萜酮 Monoterpene ketones
25		香芹酮 Carvone	33.53	1 242 ± 4			—		—	5.92 ± 1.34	—	—	—			—
				小计 Subtotal			—		—	5.92 ± 1.34	—	—	—			—
单萜氧化物 Monoterpene oxides
26		顺式-柠檬烯氧化物 cis- Limonene oxide	25.86	1 134 ± 4			—		—	3.54 ± 0.94	—	—	—			—
27		反式-柠檬烯氧化物 trans- Limonene oxide	26.19	1 138 ± 3			—		—	5.75 ± 1.14 a	3.57 ± 0.64 bc	4.31 ± 0.34 abc	2.88 ± 0.10 c			5.11 ± 1.83 ab
				小计 Subtotal			—		—	9.29 ± 2.05 a	3.57 ± 0.64 bc	4.31 ± 0.34 bc	2.88 ± 0.10 c			5.11 ± 1.83 b
倍半萜 Sesquiterpenes
28		δ-榄香烯 δ-Elemene	39.89	1 338 ± 2			13.58 ± 1.42 bc		97.05 ± 22.88 a	—	12.32 ± 1.95 bc	23.44 ± 3.47 b	19.68 ± 0.14 bc			5.79 ± 0.73 c
29		α-荜澄茄油烯 α-Cubebene	40.67	1 351 ± 2			—		9.29 ± 1.20 a	—	1.75 ± 0.25 b	2.60 ± 0.30 b	2.11 ± 0.17 b			—
30		古巴烯 Copaene	42.31	1 376 ± 2			8.92 ± 1.06 b		41.53 ± 4.66 a	—	7.16 ± 0.90 b	6.91 ± 0.66 b	9.33 ± 0.45 b			—
31		β-荜澄茄油烯 β-Cubebene	43.25	1 389 ± 2			6.67 ± 0.78 bc		19.45 ± 2.08 a	—	5.44 ± 0.81 c	5.45 ± 0.38 c	7.53 ± 0.47 b			—
32		β-榄香烯 β-Elemene	43.44	1 391 ± 2			5.72 ± 0.65 bc		35.64 ± 6.75 a	—	5.11 ± 1.01 bc	8.65 ± 0.74 b	7.19 ± 0.35 b			1.57 ± 0.19 c
33		倍半侧柏烯 Sesquithujene	44.36	1 402 ± 10			—		6.75 ± 1.03	—	—	—	—			—
34		石竹烯 Caryophyllene	45.00	1 419 ± 3			35.42 ± 4.88 b		30.54 ± 2.44 b	—	32.39 ± 4.90 b	52.14 ± 3.88 a	48.79 ± 1.87 a			—
35		γ-榄香烯 γ-Elemene	45.76	1 434 ± 4			—		—	—	1.01 ± 0.22 b	1.75 ± 0.24 a	1.63 ± 0.13 a			—
36		α-愈创木烯 α-Guaiene	46.00	1 439 ± 2			—		—	—	—	1.31 ± 0.06	—			—
37		蛇麻烯 Humulene	47.12	1 454 ± 3			7.45 ± 0.76 cd		32.54 ± 3.22 a	—	6.47 ± 1.03 d	10.70 ± 1.00 b	9.52 ± 0.43 bc			1.16 ± 0.13 e
38		反式-β-法尼烯trans-β-Farnesene	47.58	1 457 ± 2			61.87 ± 6.89 d		435.22 ± 34.15 a	17.07 ± 2.02 e	75.80 ± 13.27 d	57.16 ± 7.93 d	122.37 ± 3.46 c			200.53 ± 18.96 b
39		吉马烯D Germacrene D	48.83	1 481 ± 3			29.49 ± 3.52 c		265.47 ± 18.99 a	10.98 ± 1.38 d	27.13 ± 3.81 c	44.64 ± 5.03 b	55.88 ± 1.86 b			11.17 ± 0.99 d
40		双环吉马烯 Bicycloger- macrene	49.77	1 495 ± 4			231.47 ± 24.64 c		1 202.15 ± 102.13 a	6.25 ± 0.95 d	200.65 ± 39.34 c	339.61 ± 36.37 b	250.80 ± 9.07 c			—
41		α-衣兰油烯 α-Muurolene	49.85	1 499 ± 3			—		—	—	4.95 ± 1.16	—	—			—
42		α-芹子烯 α-Selinene	50.30	1 505 ± 3			10.55 ± 0.52 d		75.78 ± 5.65 a	—	—	21.23 ± 3.02 b	16.73 ± 0.85 c			4.79 ± 0.10 e
43		δ-愈创木烯δ-Guaiene	50.01	1 505 ± 3			—		—	—	10.40 ± 1.49	—	—			—
44		α-法尼烯 α-Farnesene	50.41	1 508 ± 2			—		—	117.40 ± 8.32	—	—	—			—
45		α-阿拉斯加烯 α-Alaskene	51.02	1 515 ± N/A			—		—	—	—	13.28 ± 2.43 a	10.74 ± 0.01 b			—
46		β-姜黄烯 β-Curcumene	51.28	1 514 ± 3			3.56 ± 0.39 b		38.47 ± 3.36 a	—	—	—	—			—
47		δ-杜松烯 δ-Cadinene	51.48	1 524 ± 2			15.95 ± 1.40 c		124.57 ± 11.79 a	—	23.73 ± 1.25 bc	25.93 ± 3.34 b	31.21 ± 1.73 b			—
48		吉马烯B Germacrene B	53.28	1 557 ± 3			25.15 ± 2.00 d		66.84 ± 6.45 a	2.83 ± 0.16 f	26.84 ± 4.11 d	54.32 ± 3.90 b	48.02 ± 1.60 c			15.35 ± 1.16 e
				小计 Subtotal			455.83 ± 46.80 c		2 481.29 ± 223.09 a	154.53 ± 21.20 d	441.15 ± 72.35 c	669.12 ± 66.73 b	641.53 ± 19.46 b			240.38 ± 22.00 d
倍半萜醇 Sesquiterpene alcohols
49		橙花叔醇 Nerolidol	52.97	1 564 ± 4			—		—	2.36 ± 0.96	—	—	—			—
50		反式-橙花叔醇 trans-Nerolidol	53.71	1 564 ± 2			—		32.72 ± 5.18 a	—	—	—	—			2.48 ± 0.14 b
51		反式倍半桧烯水合物 trans-Sesquisa- binene hydrate	55.19	1 581 ± 2			—		—	—	—	—	—			1.88 ± 0.17
52		吉马烯D-4-醇 Germacrene D- 4-ol	54.28	1 574 ± 2			34.57 ± 3.57 c		150.23 ± 16.09 a	—	33.01 ± 6.83 c	56.26 ± 4.89 b	41.95 ± 1.35 c			—
53		韦得醇 Widdrol	56.89	1 610 ± 10			—		—	—	—	—	2.56 ± 0.06			—
54		β-桉叶油醇 β-Eudesmol	58.55	1 649 ± 2			—		—	—	—	3.60 ± 0.44 a	3.25 ± 0.20 b			—
				小计 Subtotal			34.57 ± 3.57 c		182.95 ± 21.21 a	2.36 ± 0.96 d	33.01 ± 6.83 c	59.86 ± 4.98 b	47.76 ± 1.17 bc			4.35 ± 0.31 d
倍半萜醛 Sesquiterpene aldehydes
55		β-甜橙醛 β-Sinensal	61.09	1 695 ± 5			—		—	15.10 ± 3.21	—	—	—			—
56		α-甜橙醛 α-Sinensal	64.10	1 752 ± 4			—		—	140.57 ± 18.04	—	—	—			—
				小计 Subtotal			—		—	155.66 ± 21.11	—	—	—			—
醛 Aldehydes
57		3-己烯醛 3-Hexenal	6.13	810 ± 8			40.97 ± 8.58 b		66.82 ± 9.88 a	34.41 ± 1.90 bcd	25.34 ± 5.54 d	27.99 ± 1.52 cd	25.62 ± 1.64 d			37.56 ± 5.04 bc
58		壬醛 Nonanal	24.04	1 104 ± 2			—		—	—	—	—	—			11.57 ± 2.40
59		癸醛 Decanal	31.07	1 206 ± 2			—		145.98 ± 18.58 a	29.32 ± 4.61 b	4.00 ± 0.28 c	4.18 ± 0.63 c	7.78 ± 0.57 c			43.18 ± 9.83 b
60		十一醛 Undecanal	37.89	1 307 ± 2			—		—	3.08 ± 0.27	—	—	—			—
61		月桂醛 Dodecanal	44.37	1 409 ± 4			—		21.46 ± 3.07 a	10.54 ± 1.50 b	1.24 ± 0.21 c	1.58 ± 0.23 c	—			—
62		十四醛 Tetradecanal	56.79	1 613 ± 2			—		14.09 ± 1.10	—	—	—	—			—
63		十六醛 Hexadecanal	67.27	1 817 ± 6			—		17.43 ± 0.65	—	—	—	—			—
				小计 Subtotal			40.97 ± 8.58 c		265.79 ± 19.49 a	77.34 ± 5.38 b	30.58 ± 5.89 c	33.75 ± 1.89 c	33.41 ± 2.12 c			92.30 ± 7.18 b
64	2-甲基辛酸甲酯 Methyl 2-methyloctanoate		28.08	1 156 ± 2			—	—	2.60 ± 0.30 a	—	—			—	2.71 ± 0.07 a
65	N-甲基邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯 Methyl N-methylan- thranilate		44.24	1 408 ± 4			—	—	—	—	—			—	177.15 ± 24.31
				小计 Subtotal			—	—	2.60 ± 0.30 b	—	—			—	179.86 ± 24.36 a
				总计 Total			22 680.50 ± 4 962.57 b	46 612.43 ± 1 990.96 a	16 765.44 ± 2 385.35 c	15 205.48 ± 2 783.00 c	19 729.15 ± 4 049.08 bc			23 022.78 ± 1 228.28 b	15 439.07 ± 3 167.78 c

挥发性物质 Volatiles	气味描述 Aroma descriptor	嗅觉阈值/（μg · g^-1） Olfactory threshold	相对气味活性值 Relative odor activity value（ROAV）
挥发性物质 Volatiles	气味描述 Aroma descriptor	嗅觉阈值/（μg · g^-1） Olfactory threshold	日本香柚 Japanese Yuzu	资阳香橙 Ziyang Xiang- cheng	巴中香橙 Bazhong Xiang- cheng	慈利香橙 Cili Xiang- cheng	黄皮酸橙 Huangpi Sour Orange	城固香橙 Chenggu Xiang- cheng	蟹橙 Xie- cheng
单萜 Monoterpenes
α-蒎烯 α-Pinene	松节油、樟脑 Turpentine，camphor	0.014	2.452	3.453	4.353	2.516	1.762	1.390	4.186
水合桧烯 Sabinene	松节油 Turpentine	0.98	0.005	0.009	—	0.006	0.004	0.003	0.008
β-蒎烯 β-Pinene	树脂、松节油 Resin，turpentine	0.14	0.120	0.148	0.346	0.139	0.096	0.072	0.227
β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	油脂、膏香 Oil，balsam	0.0012	35.386	39.239	29.053	37.728	23.255	17.785	53.501
α-水芹烯α-Phellandrene	薄荷、甜香 Mint，sweet	0.04	0.424	1.036	0.165	0.446	0.283	0.197	0.534
α-松油烯 α-Terpinene	草药、苦味 Herbal，bitter	0.08	0.063	0.076	0.089	0.081	0.055	0.043	0.124
d-柠檬烯 d-Limonene	柠檬、甜香 Lemon，sweet	0.034	82.242	100.000	47.971	68.344	39.586	31.546	100.000
反式-β-罗勒烯trans-β-Ocimene	草本、木香 Herb，woody	0.034	0.286	0.493	0.193	0.154	0.197	0.113	0.517
γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene	草药 Herbal	1	0.539	0.721	0.497	0.295	0.197	0.147	0.332
萜品油烯 Terpinolene	柑橘、果香 Citrus，fruity	0.2	0.093	0.165	0.127	0.074	0.050	0.035	0.141
单萜醛 Monoterpene aldehydes
香茅醛 Citronellal	柑橘、花香 Citrus，floral	0.006	—	—	0.043	—	—	—	0.061
薄荷醛 Perillal	薄荷、青草 Mint，grassy	0.03	—	—	0.023	—	—	—	0.089
单萜醇 Monoterpene alcohols
芳樟醇 Linalool	玫瑰、桂花 Rose，osmanthus	0.00022	100.000	93.735	100.000	100.000	100.000	100.000	14.531
4-萜烯醇 Terpinen-4-ol	葡萄汁 Must	1.2	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.001	0.001	0.000	0.002
α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	松木、丁香 Pine，lilac	1.2	0.002	0.009	0.007	0.003	0.002	0.002	0.009
单萜酚 Monoterpene phenols
香芹酚 Carvacrol	香料、樟脑 Spice，camphor	2.29	—	—	—	0.002	0.002	0.001	0.009
单萜酯 Monoterpene esters
乙酸香芹酯 Carvyl acetate	留兰香、薄荷 Spearmint，mint	0.0015	—	—	0.127	—	—	—	—
乙酸香叶酯 Geranyl acetate	花香、薰衣草 Floral，lavender	0.15	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.007
反式-柠檬烯氧化物 trans-Limonene oxide	青草 Grassy	0.25	—	—	0.004	0.003	0.002	0.001	0.006
倍半萜 Sesqui-terpenes
石竹烯Caryophyllene	丁香、木质 Clove，woody	0.064	0.088	0.048	—	0.097	0.073	0.046	—
蛇麻烯Humulene	木质 Woody	0.16	0.007	0.020	—	0.008	0.006	0.004	0.002
反式-β-法尼烯 trans-β-Farnesene	木质 Woody	0.087	0.113	0.502	0.031	0.167	0.059	0.084	0.625
倍半萜醇 Sesquiterpene alcohols
反式-橙花叔醇trans-Nerolidol	木质、花香 Woody，floral	0.25	—	0.013	—	—	—	—	0.003
倍半萜醛Sesquiterpene aldehydes
α-甜橙醛 α-Sinensal	柑橘、橙香 Citrus，orange	0.22	—	—	0.100	—	—	—	—
醛Aldehydes
壬醛 Nonanal	玫瑰、橙皮 Rose，orange peel	0.0011	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.852
癸醛 Decanal	橙皮、肥皂味 Orange peel，soap	0.003	—	4.885	1.537	0.256	0.124	0.155	3.903
十一醛 Undecanal	油脂、肥皂味Oil，soap	0.012 5	—	—	0.039	—	—	—	—
月桂醛 Dodecanal	花香、百合Floral，lily	0.01	—	0.215	0.166	0.024	0.014	—	—
十四醛 Tetradecanal	柑橘皮 Citrus peel	0.11	—	0.013	—	—	—	—	—
酯Esters
N-甲基邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯 Methyl N-methy- lanthranilate	花香、橙花 Floral，neroli	0.349	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.138

七种香橙种质挥发性物质比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Seven Citrus junos Germplasms

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七种香橙种质挥发性物质比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Seven Citrus junos Germplasms

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