壳寡糖叶面喷施调节马铃薯次生代谢促进块茎膨大

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0211

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）‘陇薯7号’为材料，在块茎膨大期叶面喷施10 g · L^-1壳寡糖（chitosan oligosaccharides，COS），并结合代谢组学分析探究其对块茎生长及代谢的影响。结果表明，壳寡糖处理显著提高植株株高和茎粗，并增加微型薯单粒质量、直径及百粒重。代谢组学分析鉴定出129种差异代谢物（32种上调，97种下调），其中萜类、酚类、黄酮类和氨基酸类化合物变化显著，负离子模式下差异代谢物主要富集于卟啉代谢、氨基酸代谢（如谷氨酸、天冬氨酸）及二萜生物合成等通路。相关性分析显示，上调代谢物甘草素Q、L-谷氨酸等与块茎直径、茎粗及株高呈正相关。综上，壳寡糖可能通过调控关键次生代谢通路促进马铃薯块茎膨大及营养物质积累。

关键词: 马铃薯, 壳寡糖, 块茎膨大, 代谢组学

Abstract:

‘Longshu 7’were used as the material，10 g · L^-1 chitosan oligosaccharides（COS）were sprayed on the foliar surface of potato plants during the bulking stage and a metabolomics analysis were combined to investigate its effects on tuber growth and metabolism. The results showed that COS treatment significantly increased plant heightand stem diameter，as well as the tuber weight，tuber diameter，and hundred-seed weight of minitubers. Metabolomics analysis under negative ion mode identified 129 differential metabolites（up-regulated of 32，and down-regulated of 97），of which terpenoids，phenolics，flavonoids，and amino acid compounds showed significant changes. The differential metabolites were mainly enriched in porphyrin metabolism，amino acid metabolism（e.g.，glutamic acid and aspartic acid），and diterpenoid biosynthesis pathways. Correlation analysis showed that up-regulated metabolites including gancaonin Q and L-glutamic acid，were positively correlated with tuber diameter，stem diameter，and plant height. In conclusion，COS promotes potato tuber enlargement and nutrient accumulation，potentially through the regulation of key plant secondary metabolic pathways.

Key words: potato, chito oligosaccharides, tuber enlargement, metabonomics

王朋青, 陈富, 朱艳, 项芯悦, 吴晓闻, 樊继开, 宋元明, 李涵如, 李永才. 壳寡糖叶面喷施调节马铃薯次生代谢促进块茎膨大[J]. 园艺学报, 2026, 53(6): 1722-1736.

WANG Pengqing, CHEN Fu, ZHU Yan, XIANG Xinyue, WU Xiaowen, FAN Jikai, SONG Yuanming, LI Hanru, LI Yongcai. Foliar Spraying of COS Regulate Secondary Metabolism and Promoted Tubers in Potato[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(6): 1722-1736.

图/表 8

图1 壳寡糖处理对马铃薯块茎株高和茎粗的影响 * 表示同一时间下处理与对照间差异显著（P < 0.05）。下同

Fig. 1 Effect of chitosan oligosaccharides treatment on plant height and stem diameter of potato plants * indicating significant differences between treatments and the control at the same time（P < 0.05）. The same below

图2 壳寡糖处理对微型薯单粒质量、直径与百粒重的影响

Fig. 2 Effects of chitosan oligosaccharides treatment on the weight，diameter and 100-seeds weight of minitubers

图3 代谢产物的正交偏最小二乘判别分析（A）和置换检验（B）分析

Fig. 3 Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis（A）and displacement test analysis（B）of metabolites

图4 代谢产物火山图（A）和差异代谢物的聚类热图（B）

Fig. 4 The volcano diagram of metabolites（A）and the heat map cluster analysis of differential metabolites（B）

图5 萜类化合物（A）、黄酮类化合物（B）和酚类化合物（C）热图

Fig. 5 The heatmap of terpenoids（A），flavonoids（B），and phenols（C）

图6 氨基酸类化合物（A）和酯类化合物（B）热图

Fig. 6 The heatmap of amino acids（A）and esters（B）

图7 差异代谢物KEGG通路分析（A）和代谢产物种类分析通路中注释到差异代谢物最多的top20条目信息（B）

Fig. 7 KEGG pathway analysis（A）and species analysis of the top 20 items annotated with the largeat number of differential metabolites（B）

图8 差异代谢物与生理指标的Spearman相关性分析红色表示正相关，蓝色表示负相关。* 表示组间差异显著（P < 0.05）

Fig. 8 Spearman correlation analysis between differential metabolites and physiological indicators Red indicates positive correlation，while blue indicates negative correlation. * indicates significant difference between groups at the 0.05 level

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