关键词: 李, 野生樱桃李, 表型性状, 矿质元素, 挥发性化合物, 遗传多样性

Abstract: Ripe fruit of wild myrobalan plum obtained from 47 seedlings at Daxigou, Huocheng County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomic Region of China were studied by Morphological trait, Soluble solids content, Mineral element, Volatile component. The purpose of the study was to acquire basic data for the conservation and utilization of the species. The results indicated that considerable genetic variations in these aspects: vertical length, Transverse length, Shape index, Fruit weight, Soluble solids content. Among them, fruit weight, the variation coefficient of which was the highest(9.13%). As investigated, the shape of the fruit was mainly rotundity, and the color of the fruit were red, black, yellow, mauve. Variation coefficient of mineral elements(Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn), which revealed wider variation range and rich genetic diversity. Among them, Fe, the content and the variation coefficient of which was the highest(2.12 mg·100g-1 and 26.99％), it has large potential for futher selection. Ripe fruit of 12 wild myrobalan plum seedlings were analyzed using head space-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed considerable genetic variations in these aspects: The total content of volatile components, the classes and contents of each compounds classes, the segregation ratio, and content of main components. There were 83 compounds in total belonging to 6 classes detected in 12 wild myrobalan plum seedlings, including esters, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, heterocycle and Hydrocarbons. Among them, Formic acid, hexyl ester, the content of which was the highest(4.33 μg·g-1),was important character impact odors.

Key words: plum, wild myrobalan plum, phenotypic traits, Mineral element, volatile components, genetic diversity