Abstract: On the basic of CaAPX1（GenBank accession ID：KP635267） sequence of Camellia azalea，a pair of qPCR primer was designed and synthesized. Fluorescent quantitative Real-time PCR analysis indicated that the expression levels of CaAPX1 in leaves of Camellia azalea were both upregulated under 4 ℃ and 200 mg ? L-1 NaCl treatment，reaching peaks at 8 h and 12 h treatment respectively，which indicated that CaAPX1 could be expressed in camellia plants after separately exposed to cold and salt stresses. It was also found that CaAPX1 gene was expressed in the 49 camellia cultivars，but the expression levels were different. Furthermore，on the basis of comprehensive evaluation，49 camellia cultivars were evaluated for their potential of double resistance through the field investigation and CaAPX1 relative expression，the first category（typeⅠ）with strong cold-salt resistance including four camellias；the second category（typeⅡ）to moderate cold-salt resistance including eleven camellias；while the third category （type Ⅲ）with weaker cold-salt resistance including thirty four camellias.

Key words: Camellia japonica, cold resistance, salt tolerance, double resistances, expression analysis, comprehensive evaluation