Identification and Expression Analysis of AeBAM Gene Family in Actinidia eriantha

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0310

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 683-696.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0310

• Genetic & Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Biology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Identification and Expression Analysis of AeBAM Gene Family in Actinidia eriantha

CHEN Yushan¹^,², GAO Huan¹^,², WU Junkang¹^,², WANG Limei¹^,², HUANG Chunhui¹^,², XU Xiaobiao¹^,²^,^**(), LIAO Guanglian¹^,²^,^**()

¹ College of Agronomy，Jiangxi Agricultural University，Nanchang 330045，China
² Kiwifruit Research Institute，Jiangxi Agricultural University，Nanchang 330045，China

Received:2025-07-02 Revised:2025-09-28 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-03-20
Contact: XU Xiaobiao, LIAO Guanglian

Abstract

Abstract:

To elucidate the characteristics of the β-amylase（BAM）gene family in Actinidia eriantha，AeBAM family members were identified based on high-quality reference genome of A. eriantha‘Ganlü 1’（PRJNA839193），and their physicochemical properties and evolutionary relationships were analyzed. In addition，transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses were performed to determine the expression profiles of AeBAM genes in different tissues and at the late fruit development（starch degradation stage）. A total of seventeen AeBAM genes were identified in A. eriantha，encoding proteins ranging from 189 to 751 amino acids，with theoretical isoelectric points of 5.24-10.01 and molecular weights of 21 149.85-84 142.08 Da. Phylogenetic analysis across many species classified BAM into five subgroups，with subgroups I and V containing the majority members. Collinearity analysis revealed 10 pairs of duplicated gene pairs and 5 pairs of tandemly duplicated genes pairs within the family. All members showed K_a/K_s ratios less than 1，indicating they were purifying selection during evolution. Promoter analysis indicated that AeBAM genes contained numerous cis-acting elements related to light responsiveness，stress adaptation，and hormonal regulation. Transcriptome analysis showed that AeBAM genes exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns，among which AeBAM5，AeBAM13 and AeBAM16 were highly expressed in fruits，and their expression levels significant increased after bagging. qRT-PCR validation revealed that the expression levels of AeBAM5 and AeBAM13 increased significantly during the starch degradation stage and were negatively correlated with starch degradation，suggesting that they may be key members of the AeBAM gene family regulating fruit starch degradation.

Key words: Actinidia eriantha, β-amylase, starch, expression analysis

CHEN Yushan, GAO Huan, WU Junkang, WANG Limei, HUANG Chunhui, XU Xiaobiao, LIAO Guanglian. Identification and Expression Analysis of AeBAM Gene Family in Actinidia eriantha[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(3): 683-696.

Figures/Tables 9

References 33

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基因 Gene	上游引物序列（5′-3′） Forward primer sequences	下游引物序列（5′-3′） Revers primer sequences	产物大小/bp Product
AeBAM1	GAATGGCTACAAGAGGCT	TATGTCGGGATTGCTACG	157
AeBAM2	GGAGGAAGGCTATGTGGG	TCCGTGTAGGCAAGGTCA	283
AeBAM3	TTTGTGCCCACTTTATCC	CAACCTCTTGTAGCCATT	384
AeBAM4	TACGCTATCCCTCTTATCC	ATTTCTGCCGCTTTCTTC	109
AeBAM5	TTTCCTTGGGTTGTGATT	GTCTTTCTTTCCGATTGC	281
AeBAM6	AGGGATGTTGCTTCTTCA	GGTTCATCTGCTGCTCATT	266
AeBAM7	CCCGATGGCACTACCTAT	GCACCCTGGAACCAACAT	298
AeBAM8	GATTCACTGGCACTACGGG	GGGCATCCTGAGGCTGTT	173
AeBAM9	GCCGATTGATGGAGTAAG	GATGCGTGGAAGCAGAGC	264
AeBAM10	GGCAAGGTGGTGTCAGTC	CATCCGATTTCCAGTTTT	103
AeBAM11	AGAAGGGAAGCCTCAGTG	GTTAGTTCAGCAGGGTGT	297
AeBAM12	TCAAGGATTGGCTGTGGC	GATGACGGCTGTTGATGC	141
AeBAM13	AGTGCGGAGGAAATGTTGG	TCTAAGCACTGGTAACGAAT	158
AeBAM14	GTGCGGAGGAAATGTTGG	AAGGATAGGTATTCGGCATT	129
AeBAM15	AGTGCGGAGGAAATGTTGG	GCCAAGGATAGGTATTCGGG	133
AeBAM16	TGGAACAATGATTACGGACAA	GTAGTGCCAATGAATCCCTG	150
AeBAM17	ATCTGATTCCAGGGTGCC	CATTCATTGTTCGTGGCTTG	89

基因 Gene	上游引物序列（5′-3′） Forward primer sequences	下游引物序列（5′-3′） Revers primer sequences	产物大小/bp Product
AeBAM1	GAATGGCTACAAGAGGCT	TATGTCGGGATTGCTACG	157
AeBAM2	GGAGGAAGGCTATGTGGG	TCCGTGTAGGCAAGGTCA	283
AeBAM3	TTTGTGCCCACTTTATCC	CAACCTCTTGTAGCCATT	384
AeBAM4	TACGCTATCCCTCTTATCC	ATTTCTGCCGCTTTCTTC	109
AeBAM5	TTTCCTTGGGTTGTGATT	GTCTTTCTTTCCGATTGC	281
AeBAM6	AGGGATGTTGCTTCTTCA	GGTTCATCTGCTGCTCATT	266
AeBAM7	CCCGATGGCACTACCTAT	GCACCCTGGAACCAACAT	298
AeBAM8	GATTCACTGGCACTACGGG	GGGCATCCTGAGGCTGTT	173
AeBAM9	GCCGATTGATGGAGTAAG	GATGCGTGGAAGCAGAGC	264
AeBAM10	GGCAAGGTGGTGTCAGTC	CATCCGATTTCCAGTTTT	103
AeBAM11	AGAAGGGAAGCCTCAGTG	GTTAGTTCAGCAGGGTGT	297
AeBAM12	TCAAGGATTGGCTGTGGC	GATGACGGCTGTTGATGC	141
AeBAM13	AGTGCGGAGGAAATGTTGG	TCTAAGCACTGGTAACGAAT	158
AeBAM14	GTGCGGAGGAAATGTTGG	AAGGATAGGTATTCGGCATT	129
AeBAM15	AGTGCGGAGGAAATGTTGG	GCCAAGGATAGGTATTCGGG	133
AeBAM16	TGGAACAATGATTACGGACAA	GTAGTGCCAATGAATCCCTG	150
AeBAM17	ATCTGATTCCAGGGTGCC	CATTCATTGTTCGTGGCTTG	89

基因名 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	氨基酸数 No. of amino acid	分子量/Da Molecular weight	等电点 pI	稳定系数 Instability index	脂溶指数 Aliphatic index	亲水性 Hydrop- athicity	已报道同源基因 Reported homologous genes
AeBAM1	Chr02G799	751	84 142.08	5.82	34.45	77.75	-0.35	/
AeBAM2	Chr02G1164	568	63 467.87	5.57	40.59	68.89	-0.45	/
AeBAM3	Chr06G622	700	78 501.26	5.24	38.18	73.40	-0.46	/
AeBAM4	Chr06G623	556	63 133.23	5.65	37.67	74.69	-0.39	/
AeBAM5	Chr11G331	480	54 004.19	8.29	33.44	67.25	-0.53	AdBAM3L（Acc28966）； AcBAM5（Actinidia10870.t1）
AeBAM6	Chr11G561	541	60 915.04	6.65	37.90	67.80	-0.31	/
AeBAM7	Chr11G638	666	74 694.92	5.89	39.40	70.33	-0.45	/
AeBAM8	Chr13G233	564	62 786.18	5.90	45.97	70.27	-0.42	/
AeBAM9	Chr16G812	532	58 600.29	6.18	28.35	81.73	-0.26	AcBAM13（Actinidia00051.t1）
AeBAM10	Chr16G1012	189	21 149.85	10.01	44.29	111.43	0.17	/
AeBAM11	Chr19G603	523	59 697.34	8.93	51.50	80.38	-0.30	/
AeBAM12	Chr20G1070	645	72 789.04	6.20	41.02	71.21	-0.48	/
AeBAM13	Chr22G622	547	61 739.99	8.62	38.39	66.54	-0.53	AdBAM3.1（Acc15874）
AeBAM14	Chr23G1204	501	56 841.28	8.24	37.43	67.19	-0.58	/
AeBAM15	Chr23G1205	301	34 345.80	8.96	40.58	82.23	-0.34	/
AeBAM16	Chr23G1206	501	56 428.79	8.00	37.67	66.99	-0.56	/
AeBAM17	Chr25G384	546	61 462.78	8.58	36.62	70.57	-0.51	AdBAM3（Acc16695）

基因名 Gene name	基因ID Gene ID	氨基酸数 No. of amino acid	分子量/Da Molecular weight	等电点 pI	稳定系数 Instability index	脂溶指数 Aliphatic index	亲水性 Hydrop- athicity	已报道同源基因 Reported homologous genes
AeBAM1	Chr02G799	751	84 142.08	5.82	34.45	77.75	-0.35	/
AeBAM2	Chr02G1164	568	63 467.87	5.57	40.59	68.89	-0.45	/
AeBAM3	Chr06G622	700	78 501.26	5.24	38.18	73.40	-0.46	/
AeBAM4	Chr06G623	556	63 133.23	5.65	37.67	74.69	-0.39	/
AeBAM5	Chr11G331	480	54 004.19	8.29	33.44	67.25	-0.53	AdBAM3L（Acc28966）； AcBAM5（Actinidia10870.t1）
AeBAM6	Chr11G561	541	60 915.04	6.65	37.90	67.80	-0.31	/
AeBAM7	Chr11G638	666	74 694.92	5.89	39.40	70.33	-0.45	/
AeBAM8	Chr13G233	564	62 786.18	5.90	45.97	70.27	-0.42	/
AeBAM9	Chr16G812	532	58 600.29	6.18	28.35	81.73	-0.26	AcBAM13（Actinidia00051.t1）
AeBAM10	Chr16G1012	189	21 149.85	10.01	44.29	111.43	0.17	/
AeBAM11	Chr19G603	523	59 697.34	8.93	51.50	80.38	-0.30	/
AeBAM12	Chr20G1070	645	72 789.04	6.20	41.02	71.21	-0.48	/
AeBAM13	Chr22G622	547	61 739.99	8.62	38.39	66.54	-0.53	AdBAM3.1（Acc15874）
AeBAM14	Chr23G1204	501	56 841.28	8.24	37.43	67.19	-0.58	/
AeBAM15	Chr23G1205	301	34 345.80	8.96	40.58	82.23	-0.34	/
AeBAM16	Chr23G1206	501	56 428.79	8.00	37.67	66.99	-0.56	/
AeBAM17	Chr25G384	546	61 462.78	8.58	36.62	70.57	-0.51	AdBAM3（Acc16695）

Identification and Expression Analysis of AeBAM Gene Family in Actinidia eriantha

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