Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Combined with Bacillus megaterium on Melon Fusarium Wilt and the Growth and Yield of Melon

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-1033

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 845-856.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-1033

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Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Combined with Bacillus megaterium on Melon Fusarium Wilt and the Growth and Yield of Melon

LIU Yanan¹, WEN Haibin¹, HAN Ying¹, DONG Jia¹, GUO Yanjie³, MAO Xiaoxi³, LI Qingmei¹, ZHAO Hongbo²^,^**(), LU Xiujun¹^,^**()

¹ College of Plant Protection，Hebei Agricultural University，Baoding，Hebei 071000，China
² Langfang Agriculture and Rural Bureau，Langfang，Hebei 065000，China
³ College of Resources and Environment Science，Hebei Agricultural University，Baoding，Hebei 071000，China

Received:2025-07-28 Revised:2025-12-10 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-03-20
Contact: ZHAO Hongbo, LU Xiujun

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effects of Trichoderma harzianum（TH）in combination with Bacillus megaterium（BM）on the control of melon Fusarium wilt and yield. Pot and field experiments were established to explore the effects of TH + BM on Fusarium wilt incidence，melon plant growth and yield，and the dominant genera abundance in melon soils. Meanwhile，the number of Fusarium gene copies was analyzed through qPCR. The results showed that TH and BM were compatible. Compared with the control，the incidence rate and disease index of melon wilt treated with TH + BM were decreased by 75.00% and 85.19% in the pot experiment，respectively（P < 0.05）. The field experiment showed that the heights and stem diameters of melon plants were increased by 4.88% and 4.73% after planted 50 d respectively（P < 0.05）. The single fruit weight increased 6.33% within TH + BM treatment compared to the control. At fungal genus level，compared to the control，TH + BM treatment significantly decreased the relative abundances of F. and Mortierella（P < 0.05），while increased the relative abundance of Microascus and Beauveria（P < 0.05）. At bacterial genus level，compared to the control，TH + BM treatment increased the relative abundances of Bacillus，Pseudomonas，Oerskovia，and Hyphomicrobium（P < 0.05）. The correlation analysis showed that the relative abundance of F. was significantly positively correlated with the F. wilt incidence of melon，and significantly negatively correlated with single fruit weight. When melon planted 90 d，the number of FOM copies within TH，BM，and TH + BM treatments were 5.63 × 10⁴，1.01 × 10⁵，4.82 × 10⁴ copies · g^-1，accounting for 16.09%，28.86%，and 13.77% of the control（3.50 × 10⁵ copies · g^-1），significant different from the control，respectively（P < 0.05）. In summary，T. harzianum in combination with B. megaterium improved the structure of microbial community in melon continuously cropping soils，reduce the incidence of melon Fusarium wilt，and increased melon yield.

Key words: melon, biological control, soil microorganisms, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus megaterium, Fusarium wilt

LIU Yanan, WEN Haibin, HAN Ying, DONG Jia, GUO Yanjie, MAO Xiaoxi, LI Qingmei, ZHAO Hongbo, LU Xiujun. Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Combined with Bacillus megaterium on Melon Fusarium Wilt and the Growth and Yield of Melon[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(3): 845-856.

Figures/Tables 10

References 22

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级别 Grade	症状描述 Symptoms description
0级 Grade 0	全株无受害状；No symptoms on the entire plant
1级 Grade 1	植株1/4以下叶面表现萎蔫症状 Wilting symptoms on less than 1/4 of the plant's leaf area
2级 Grade 2	植株1/4 ~ 1/2叶面表现萎蔫症状 Wilting symptoms on 1/4 to 1/2 of the plant's leaf area
3级 Grade 3	植株1/2以上叶面表现萎蔫症状 Wilting symptoms on more than 1/2 of the plant's leaf area
4级 Grade 4	全株萎蔫枯死 Complete plant wilting and death

级别 Grade	症状描述 Symptoms description
0级 Grade 0	全株无受害状；No symptoms on the entire plant
1级 Grade 1	植株1/4以下叶面表现萎蔫症状 Wilting symptoms on less than 1/4 of the plant's leaf area
2级 Grade 2	植株1/4 ~ 1/2叶面表现萎蔫症状 Wilting symptoms on 1/4 to 1/2 of the plant's leaf area
3级 Grade 3	植株1/2以上叶面表现萎蔫症状 Wilting symptoms on more than 1/2 of the plant's leaf area
4级 Grade 4	全株萎蔫枯死 Complete plant wilting and death

处理 Treatment	发病率/% Disease incidence	防效/% Control efficiency	病情指数 Disease index	防治效果/% Control efficiency
对照 Control	66.67 ± 14.43 a	—	56.25 ± 6.25 a	—
TH	33.33 ± 14.43 a	50.00 ± 21.65 a	12.50 ± 0.00 b	77.78 ± 0.00 ab
BM	33.33 ± 14.43 a	50.00 ± 21.65 a	20.83 ± 7.22 b	62.96 ± 12.83 b
TH + BM	16.67 ± 14.43 b	75.00 ± 21.65 a	8.33 ± 7.22 c	85.19 ± 12.83 a

处理 Treatment	发病率/% Disease incidence	防效/% Control efficiency	病情指数 Disease index	防治效果/% Control efficiency
对照 Control	66.67 ± 14.43 a	—	56.25 ± 6.25 a	—
TH	33.33 ± 14.43 a	50.00 ± 21.65 a	12.50 ± 0.00 b	77.78 ± 0.00 ab
BM	33.33 ± 14.43 a	50.00 ± 21.65 a	20.83 ± 7.22 b	62.96 ± 12.83 b
TH + BM	16.67 ± 14.43 b	75.00 ± 21.65 a	8.33 ± 7.22 c	85.19 ± 12.83 a

处理 Treatment	发病率/% Disease incidence	防治效果/% Control efficiency
对照 Control	4.86 ± 0.60 a	—
TH	0 b	100.00 ± 0.00 a
BM	0.69 ± 0.60 b	85.71 ± 12.37 a
TH + BM	0 b	100.00 ± 0.00 a

Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Combined with Bacillus megaterium on Melon Fusarium Wilt and the Growth and Yield of Melon

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处理 Treatment	尖孢镰刀菌属 Fusarium	被孢霉属 Mortierella	微囊菌属 Microascus	白僵菌属 Beauveria
对照 Control	0.24 ± 0.01 a	8.55 ± 1.75 a	0.02 ± 0.01 b	0 b
TH	0.09 ± 0.00 b	7.89 ± 0.35 ab	0.03 ± 0.02 b	0 b
BM	0.17 ± 0.02 a	9.11 ± 0.14 a	0.04 ± 0.01 ab	0.01 ± 0.01 a
TH + BM	0.05 ± 0.01 c	6.20 ± 0.28 b	0.06 ± 0.01 a	0.01 ± 0.01 a

处理 Treatment	芽孢杆菌属 Bacillus	假单胞菌属 Pseudomonas	厄氏菌属 Oerskovia	生丝微菌属 Hyphomicrobium
对照 Control	7.33 ± 0.50 b	0.92 ± 0.06 b	0.42 ± 0.05 b	0.10 ± 0.02 b
TH	7.14 ± 0.99 b	0.97 ± 0.14 b	0.81 ± 0.08 a	0.11 ± 0.03 b
BM	7.52 ± 1.49 b	0.96 ± 0.12 b	0.58 ± 0.22 b	0.15 ± 0.01 a
TH + BM	9.24 ± 1.24 a	1.34 ± 0.15 a	0.97 ± 0.31 a	0.15 ± 0.01 a

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