Analysis of Antagonistic Activity of Bacillus subtilis J6-1 Against Monilinia fructicola

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0954

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 229-243.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0954

• Plant Protection • Previous Articles Next Articles

Analysis of Antagonistic Activity of Bacillus subtilis J6-1 Against Monilinia fructicola

LI Xiaoqian¹^,², WANG Zhuoni¹, SHI Bingke¹, WANG Li¹, ZHOU Beibei¹, TU Hongtao¹^,², YUAN Hongbo¹^,²^,^*(), HOU Hui¹^,²^,^*()

¹ Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Zhengzhou 450009， China
² Zhongyuan Research Center， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Xinxiang， Henan 453004， China

Received:2025-04-15 Revised:2025-09-26 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-26
Contact: YUAN Hongbo, HOU Hui

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to effectively control peach brown rot caused by Monilinia fructicola，the antagonistic bacteria Bacillus subtilis J6-1 was screened by plate confrontation method，and the prevention effect and antagonistic mechanism were analyzed. The results showed that strain J6-1 exhibited an inhibition rate of 74% against M. fructicola and displayed broad-spectrum antifungal activity. The strain J6-1 could produce hydrolases such as protease，cellulase，and glucanase，and its supernatant could destroy the cell membrane of the mycelium and induce the expression of pathogenesis-related genes（PpPR1）in peach fruit. Treatment with 2%，4%，6% and 8% of J6-1 supernatant resulted in mycelial growth inhibition rates of 64.3%，70.2%，79.75% and 85.43%，respectively. The inhibition ability enhanced gradually with the increase of the concentration，and 2% J6-1 supernatant could cause the mycelia of M. fructicola to become thinner and digested，the protoplasts exuded，and cell membrane integrity loss. The top 10 differentially abundant metabolites of J6-1 crude extract，primarily consisting of amino acids and their derivatives. In vivo assays，the inhibition rates of strain J6-1 suspension，supernatant and crude extract on the mycelial growth of M. fructicola were 73.81%，82.48% and 92.66% at 3 days post inoculation，respectively. These findings indicate that B. subtilis J6-1 has good control effect on peach brown rot.

Key words: peach, peach brown rot, Bacillus subtilis, biological control, inhibition effect, pathogenesis-related genes

LI Xiaoqian, WANG Zhuoni, SHI Bingke, WANG Li, ZHOU Beibei, TU Hongtao, YUAN Hongbo, HOU Hui. Analysis of Antagonistic Activity of Bacillus subtilis J6-1 Against Monilinia fructicola[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(1): 229-243.

Figures/Tables 12

Table 1 Primer information

基因 Gene	引物 Primer	引物序列（5'-3'） Primer sequence	片段大小/bp Size
PpTEF2	PpTEF2-F	GGTGTGACGATGAAGAGTGATG	129
	PpTEF2-R	TGAAGGAGAGGGAAGGTGAAAG	129
PpPR1	PpPR1-F	TCTAACACTTGTGCCGATGAC	126
	PpPR1-R	ATAGTTGCACCCGATGAAGG	126

Fig.1 Inhibitory effect of 4 strains of Bacillus on Monilinia fructicola

Fig. 2 Determination of broad-spectrum antibacterial activity of Bacillus subtilis J6-1 In each small picture，the left side is the control and the right side is J6-1 treatment

Fig. 3 Effect of strain J6-1 on mycelial structure of Monilinia fructicola

Fig. 4 Production of hydrolases by strain J6-1

Fig. 5 Suppression of strain J6-1 supernatant on Monilinia fructicola Different lowercase letters denote statistical differences（P < 0.05）based on Duncan’s test. The same below

Fig. 6 Effect of strain J6-1 supernatant on hyphae of Monilinia fructicola

Fig. 7 Effect of strain J6-1 supernatant on the cell membrane permeability of Monilinia fructicola

Fig. 8 Inhibition of strain J6-1 extracts on Monilinia fructicola * indicate a significant difference at the P < 0.05 level based on Student’s t-test. The same below

Table. 2 Screening results of differential metabolites in strain J6-1 crude extract（top 10）

物质 Compounds	分子式 Formula	相对含量Relative abundance		差异倍数 Fold Change (FC)	log₂FC
物质 Compounds	分子式 Formula	J6-1	对照 Control	差异倍数 Fold Change (FC)	log₂FC
甲硫氨酰-异亮氨酸 Met-Ile	C₁₁H₂₂N₂O₃S	87 275.06	28.00	3 116.97	11.61
蛇麻酮Lupulone	C₂₆H₃₈O₄	957 861.62	828.62	1 155.97	10.17
己二酸二丁酯Dibutyl adipate	C₁₄H₂₆O₄	34 715.93	33.75	1 028.62	10.01
组氨酸-异亮氨酸 His-Ile	C₁₂H₂₀N₄O₃	595 331.19	639.28	931.25	9.86
多根乌头碱Carmicheline	C₂₂H₃₅NO₄	73 407.65	88.60	828.53	9.69
脯氨酰-色氨酸-色氨酸 Pro-Trp-Trp	C₂₇H₂₉N₅O₄	1 976 227.49	2 493.55	792.54	9.63
L-苯丙氨醇L-Phenylalaninol	C₉H₁₃NO	60 921.22	91.80	663.63	9.37
L-异亮氨酸-L-精氨酸-L-赖氨酸 Ile-Arg-Lys	C₁₈H₃₇N₇O₄	99 512.73	173.92	572.18	9.16
马鲁比因Marrubiin	C₂₀H₂₈O₄	36 648.90	78.58	466.39	8.87
脯氨酰-精氨酰-缬氨酸 Pro-Arg-Val	C₁₆H₃₀N₆O₄	100 728.10	221.28	455.21	8.83

Fig. 9 Effect of strain J6-1 on the prevention of peach brown rot

Fig. 10 qRT-PCR assay for peach related genes induced by strain J6-1

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Analysis of Antagonistic Activity of Bacillus subtilis J6-1 Against Monilinia fructicola

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