Principal Component Analysis and Genetic Relationship Research on Cultivars of Schlumbergera truncata Based on Morphological Characteristics for DUS Testing

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0788

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (6): 1321-1331.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0788

• Genetic & Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Biology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Principal Component Analysis and Genetic Relationship Research on Cultivars of Schlumbergera truncata Based on Morphological Characteristics for DUS Testing

ZHAO Tianrong^*(), LING Jiangang, REN Xiliang

Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Ningbo，Zhejiang 315040，China

Received:2024-02-24 Revised:2024-05-20 Online:2024-12-18 Published:2024-06-22
Contact: ZHAO Tianrong

Abstract

Abstract:

Sixteen morphological characteristics，often used for DUS（Distinctness，Uniformity and Stability）testing，of 58 cultivars of Schlumbergera truncata were recorded for statistical analysis in order to reveal the variation of each characteristic and the principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed by using the DPS software. The results showed that the maximum coefficient of variation of receptacle color was 62.74%，and the minimum coefficient of variation of inner perianth width was 10.35%. According to the cumulative contribution rate of variance 86.8%，10 principal components were extracted，and the characters leafy stem width，leafy stem length，the beginning of flowering，leafy stem type of margin notch，leafy stem depth of margin notch，flower length，inner perianth segments width，inner perianth segments color of marginal zone，flower width，receptacle color and pistil length above tube were screened out by the scores of each trait in principal component. Based on the results of cluster analysis，58 cultivars were divided into three groups according to the differences of 16 characteristics，and were further subdivided into six groups. Nine of the 10 cultivars clustered into class C had type of margin notch with obtuse serrated or dense serrated type，which indicated that the cultivars clustered into class C had genes of Schlumbergera bridgesii，so it is far away from class A and class B. The results showed that there was a wide range of polymorphisms among S. truncata cultivars in the DUS-test. The distance between classes could accurately reflect the relationship between cultivars.

Key words: Schlumbergera truncata, DUS testing, morphological characteristics, genetic relationship

ZHAO Tianrong, LING Jiangang, REN Xiliang. Principal Component Analysis and Genetic Relationship Research on Cultivars of Schlumbergera truncata Based on Morphological Characteristics for DUS Testing[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(6): 1321-1331.

Figures/Tables 7

References 20

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编号 Code	品种名 Cultivar	来源 Source	编号 Code	品种名 Cultivar	来源 Source
1	贵妃醉酒Guifei Zuijiu	自育Self-breeding	30	R31	引入Introduction
2	凯西利亚Cecilie	引入Introduction	31	快乐舞者Jully Dancer	引入Introduction
3	紫嫣Ziyan	自育Self-breeding	32	奥尔加Thor-Olga	引入Introduction
4	紫月Ziyue	自育Self-breeding	33	加勒比Thor-Caribbean	引入Introduction
5	紫蝶Zidie	自育Self-breeding	34	索菲Thor-Sophie	引入Introduction
6	英雄Thor-Hiro	引入Introduction	35	海滨舞者Beach Dancer	引入Introduction
7	小叶凝香Xiaoye Ningxiang	自育Self-breeding	36	俄罗斯舞者Russian Dancer	引入Introduction
8	弗亚Freya	引入Introduction	37	骑士Thor-Ritt	引入Introduction
9	飞燕Feiyan	自育Self-breeding	38	波尔卡舞者Polka Dancer	引入Introduction
10	如梦Rumeng	自育Self-breeding	39	胭脂Thor-Carmen	引入Introduction
11	爱莎贝拉Isabella	引入Introduction	40	夕阳舞者Sunset Dancer	引入Introduction
12	彤云Tongyun	自育Self-breeding	41	光炫舞者Limelight Dancer	引入Introduction
13	缤纷十月Binfen Shiyue	自育Self-breeding	42	白玛丽Thor-Malissa	引入Introduction
14	超级肯尼亚Chaoji Kenniya	引入Introduction	43	卡罗琳Thor-Caroylin	引入Introduction
15	朝霞Zhaoxia	自育Self-breeding	44	杰明Jasmin	引入Introduction
16	爱密丽Thor-Emily	引入Introduction	45	R4	自育Self-breeding
17	橙香Chengxiang	自育Self-breeding	46	R7	引入Introduction
18	奥里瓦Olivia	引入Introduction	47	R10	引入Introduction
19	俏佳人Qiaojiaren	自育Self-breeding	48	R14	引入Introduction
20	紫梦Zimeng	自育Self-breeding	49	圣诞快乐Merry Christmas	引入Introduction
21	爱丽莎Eliza	引入Introduction	50	艾达Ida	引入Introduction
22	鸿运Hongyun	自育Self-breeding	51	艾玛Thor-Emma	引入Introduction
23	720	引入Introduction	52	莎伦Sharon	引入Introduction
24	R1	引入Introduction	53	伊莱特Eliot	引入Introduction
25	R3	引入Introduction	54	1501	引入Introduction
26	R8	引入Introduction	55	1503	引入Introduction
27	R9	引入Introduction	56	1511	引入Introduction
28	R16	引入Introduction	57	R21	引入Introduction
29	R17	引入Introduction	58	R30	引入Introduction

编号 Code	品种名 Cultivar	来源 Source	编号 Code	品种名 Cultivar	来源 Source
1	贵妃醉酒Guifei Zuijiu	自育Self-breeding	30	R31	引入Introduction
2	凯西利亚Cecilie	引入Introduction	31	快乐舞者Jully Dancer	引入Introduction
3	紫嫣Ziyan	自育Self-breeding	32	奥尔加Thor-Olga	引入Introduction
4	紫月Ziyue	自育Self-breeding	33	加勒比Thor-Caribbean	引入Introduction
5	紫蝶Zidie	自育Self-breeding	34	索菲Thor-Sophie	引入Introduction
6	英雄Thor-Hiro	引入Introduction	35	海滨舞者Beach Dancer	引入Introduction
7	小叶凝香Xiaoye Ningxiang	自育Self-breeding	36	俄罗斯舞者Russian Dancer	引入Introduction
8	弗亚Freya	引入Introduction	37	骑士Thor-Ritt	引入Introduction
9	飞燕Feiyan	自育Self-breeding	38	波尔卡舞者Polka Dancer	引入Introduction
10	如梦Rumeng	自育Self-breeding	39	胭脂Thor-Carmen	引入Introduction
11	爱莎贝拉Isabella	引入Introduction	40	夕阳舞者Sunset Dancer	引入Introduction
12	彤云Tongyun	自育Self-breeding	41	光炫舞者Limelight Dancer	引入Introduction
13	缤纷十月Binfen Shiyue	自育Self-breeding	42	白玛丽Thor-Malissa	引入Introduction
14	超级肯尼亚Chaoji Kenniya	引入Introduction	43	卡罗琳Thor-Caroylin	引入Introduction
15	朝霞Zhaoxia	自育Self-breeding	44	杰明Jasmin	引入Introduction
16	爱密丽Thor-Emily	引入Introduction	45	R4	自育Self-breeding
17	橙香Chengxiang	自育Self-breeding	46	R7	引入Introduction
18	奥里瓦Olivia	引入Introduction	47	R10	引入Introduction
19	俏佳人Qiaojiaren	自育Self-breeding	48	R14	引入Introduction
20	紫梦Zimeng	自育Self-breeding	49	圣诞快乐Merry Christmas	引入Introduction
21	爱丽莎Eliza	引入Introduction	50	艾达Ida	引入Introduction
22	鸿运Hongyun	自育Self-breeding	51	艾玛Thor-Emma	引入Introduction
23	720	引入Introduction	52	莎伦Sharon	引入Introduction
24	R1	引入Introduction	53	伊莱特Eliot	引入Introduction
25	R3	引入Introduction	54	1501	引入Introduction
26	R8	引入Introduction	55	1503	引入Introduction
27	R9	引入Introduction	56	1511	引入Introduction
28	R16	引入Introduction	57	R21	引入Introduction
29	R17	引入Introduction	58	R30	引入Introduction

花器官 Floral organ	代号 Code	性状 Characteristic	性状表现及其分级 Type of individual characteristics and grade
叶状茎 Leafy stem	X1	长度 Length	极短（1）~ 极长（9） Extremely short（1）-extremely long（9）
	X2	宽度 Width	极窄（1）~ 极宽（9） Extremely narrow（1）-extremely wide（9）
	X3	绿色程度 Degree of green	极浅（1）~ 极深（5） Extremely shallow（1）-extremely deep（5）
	X4	边缘缺刻的类型 Type of margin notch	锐锯齿（1），钝锯齿（2），密钝锯齿（3） Sharp serrate（1），obtuse serrate（2），dense obtuse serrate（3）
	X5	边缘缺刻的深度 Depth of margin notch	极浅（1）~ 极深（5） Extremely shallow（1）-extremely deep（5）
花蕾 Bud	X6	开花前期花蕾顶尖形状 The apex shape of a bud before flowering	锐尖（1），尖（2），钝圆（3） Sharp（1），tip（2），blunt circle（3）
花 Flower	X7	宽度 Width	极窄（1）~ 极宽（9） Extremely narrow（1）-extremely wide（9）
	X8	长度 Length	极短（1）~ 极长（9） Extremely short（1）-extremely long（9）
内轮花被片 Inner perianth	X9	宽度 Width	极窄（1）~ 极宽（5） Extremely narrow（1）-extremely wide（5）
segments	X10	边缘区的大小 Size of marginal zone	无或极小（1）~ 极大（5） None or minimal（1）-maximal（5）
	X11	边缘区的颜色 Color of marginal zone	白（1），黄（2），黄橙（3），橙（4），橙红（5），红（6），红紫（7），紫粉（8），粉（9），红粉（10） White（1），yellow（2），yellow orange（3），orange（4），orange red（5），red（6），red purple（7），purple pink（8），pink（9），red pink（10）
	X12	先端形状 Apex shaped	锐尖（1），尖（2），钝尖（3），圆（4） Sharp（1），tip（2），obtuse（3），round（4）
雄蕊 Stamens	X13	花筒以上部分长度 Length above tube	极短（1）~ 极长（5） Extremely short（1）-extremely long（5）
雌蕊 Pistil	X14	花筒以上部分长度 Length above tube	极短（1）~ 极长（5） Extremely short（1）-extremely long（5）
花托 Receptacle	X15	颜色 Color	绿色（1），泛红绿色（2），泛绿红色（3），红色（4），泛红紫色（5） Green（1），reddish-green（2），green and red（3），red（4），reddish-purple （5）
花 Flower	X16	始花期 The beginning of flowering	极早（1）~ 极晚（9） Extremely early（1）-extremely late（9）

花器官 Floral organ	代号 Code	性状 Characteristic	性状表现及其分级 Type of individual characteristics and grade
叶状茎 Leafy stem	X1	长度 Length	极短（1）~ 极长（9） Extremely short（1）-extremely long（9）
	X2	宽度 Width	极窄（1）~ 极宽（9） Extremely narrow（1）-extremely wide（9）
	X3	绿色程度 Degree of green	极浅（1）~ 极深（5） Extremely shallow（1）-extremely deep（5）
	X4	边缘缺刻的类型 Type of margin notch	锐锯齿（1），钝锯齿（2），密钝锯齿（3） Sharp serrate（1），obtuse serrate（2），dense obtuse serrate（3）
	X5	边缘缺刻的深度 Depth of margin notch	极浅（1）~ 极深（5） Extremely shallow（1）-extremely deep（5）
花蕾 Bud	X6	开花前期花蕾顶尖形状 The apex shape of a bud before flowering	锐尖（1），尖（2），钝圆（3） Sharp（1），tip（2），blunt circle（3）
花 Flower	X7	宽度 Width	极窄（1）~ 极宽（9） Extremely narrow（1）-extremely wide（9）
	X8	长度 Length	极短（1）~ 极长（9） Extremely short（1）-extremely long（9）
内轮花被片 Inner perianth	X9	宽度 Width	极窄（1）~ 极宽（5） Extremely narrow（1）-extremely wide（5）
segments	X10	边缘区的大小 Size of marginal zone	无或极小（1）~ 极大（5） None or minimal（1）-maximal（5）
	X11	边缘区的颜色 Color of marginal zone	白（1），黄（2），黄橙（3），橙（4），橙红（5），红（6），红紫（7），紫粉（8），粉（9），红粉（10） White（1），yellow（2），yellow orange（3），orange（4），orange red（5），red（6），red purple（7），purple pink（8），pink（9），red pink（10）
	X12	先端形状 Apex shaped	锐尖（1），尖（2），钝尖（3），圆（4） Sharp（1），tip（2），obtuse（3），round（4）
雄蕊 Stamens	X13	花筒以上部分长度 Length above tube	极短（1）~ 极长（5） Extremely short（1）-extremely long（5）
雌蕊 Pistil	X14	花筒以上部分长度 Length above tube	极短（1）~ 极长（5） Extremely short（1）-extremely long（5）
花托 Receptacle	X15	颜色 Color	绿色（1），泛红绿色（2），泛绿红色（3），红色（4），泛红紫色（5） Green（1），reddish-green（2），green and red（3），red（4），reddish-purple （5）
花 Flower	X16	始花期 The beginning of flowering	极早（1）~ 极晚（9） Extremely early（1）-extremely late（9）

性状 Characteristic	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	平均值 Average	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数/% Coefficient of variation
X1	6	3	4.05	0.8056	19.89
X2	7	2	4.77	1.3270	27.81
X3	4	2	3.38	0.6468	19.13
X4	2	1	1.21	0.4148	34.28
X5	4	1	2.79	0.8329	29.85
X6	3	1	1.84	0.4725	25.68
X7	7	2	4.47	1.0428	23.32
X8	6	2	4.57	1.0220	22.36
X9	4	2	3.06	0.3167	10.35
X10	9	3	6.21	1.7440	28.08
X11	10	1	6.50	2.9448	45.30
X12	3	2	2.08	0.2823	13.57
X13	4	2	3.23	0.6270	19.41
X14	4	2	3.28	0.5786	17.64
X15	5	1	2.09	1.3112	62.74
X16	7	3	5.79	1.0972	18.95

Principal Component Analysis and Genetic Relationship Research on Cultivars of Schlumbergera truncata Based on Morphological Characteristics for DUS Testing

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主成分 Principal component	特征根 Characteristic root	贡献率/% Contribution percent	累计贡献率/% Cumulative contribution percent
1	2.8903	18.0642	18.0642
2	2.1155	13.2219	31.2861
3	1.6118	10.0739	41.3600
4	1.5342	9.5888	50.9488
5	1.2696	7.9348	58.8836
6	1.1049	6.9055	65.7891
7	0.9541	5.9630	71.7521
8	0.8600	5.3749	77.1270
9	0.8380	5.2377	82.3647
10	0.7067	4.4170	86.7817

性状 Characteristic	主成分Principal component
性状 Characteristic	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
X1	0.2026	-0.1838	0.3715	0.3047	-0.2251	0.2582	-0.4301	0.0780	-0.2052	0.1301
X2	0.4043	-0.2169	0.2034	0.2181	0.0626	-0.1852	-0.1245	0.1234	-0.1946	0.0745
X3	0.1094	-0.0523	-0.5096	-0.1267	-0.0787	0.1326	-0.3900	0.4812	0.1921	0.0977
X4	-0.1201	0.3946	0.3663	0.2096	0.2882	0.0660	0.0515	0.3728	0.1253	0.1108
X5	0.3231	-0.4103	0.0272	-0.0864	-0.1240	0.0186	0.1141	-0.0882	0.1425	0.4049
X6	0.2246	0.2946	0.2700	-0.4160	0.1596	-0.1528	-0.0190	0.2904	0.0336	0.0487
X7	-0.1455	-0.2068	0.0149	0.2370	0.1994	0.5278	0.4517	0.3103	-0.2617	0.0143
X8	0.4095	0.0542	0.0287	0.0850	0.1488	-0.3307	0.1621	-0.0025	-0.3009	-0.2519
X9	0.3037	0.0943	0.0706	-0.1241	0.1651	0.4783	-0.1532	-0.4066	0.0546	-0.4984
X10	-0.0868	-0.4452	0.0358	-0.2562	0.2968	0.1498	-0.1179	0.2184	0.1044	-0.3224
X11	-0.0300	0.3512	0.0711	-0.0674	-0.5755	0.3218	-0.0008	-0.0281	-0.1528	0.0382
X12	0.2157	0.0446	0.1825	-0.5856	0.0093	0.2357	0.1432	0.0638	-0.0923	0.2492
X13	0.2065	-0.0994	0.2217	0.1516	-0.3056	0.0014	0.3769	0.0989	0.7087	-0.1967
X14	0.3040	0.1144	-0.3903	0.0685	0.1788	0.1511	0.3444	-0.1753	-0.0589	0.3042
X15	0.3004	0.1535	-0.2987	0.0954	-0.2570	-0.0149	0.1199	0.3912	-0.1670	-0.3798
X16	0.2300	0.2845	-0.1295	0.3007	0.3396	0.1796	-0.2610	-0.0909	0.3280	0.1854

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