紫斑牡丹花色表型数量分类研究

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0804

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以190个紫斑牡丹品种为材料,利用色差仪连续两年在盛花期测量花色参数,将所测的CIELab表色空间的L^*、a^*、b^*值转化成蒙塞尔颜色系统的H（Hue）、V（Value）、C（Chroma）值,然后根据L^*、a^*、b^*值系统聚类分析,结合H、V、C值,比对ISCC-NBS色名表示法对每种花色进行定性描述。结果表明：通过L^*、a^*、b^*值聚类分析对紫斑牡丹花色分类,可分为白色、粉色、红色、紫红色和黑红色等5个色系,以及1个可以直观判断的复色系,共6个色系,比按ISCC-NBS色名法分类的7个色系更能准确反映真实情况。本研究首次建立了紫斑牡丹品种花色分类体系,获得了5个色系的数量分类范围和每个品种的花色表型测量值,实现了对不同色系品种花色的定量描述,为紫斑牡丹的花色分类、鉴定以及花色育种积累了重要试验数据。

关键词: 紫斑牡丹, 花色表型, 数量分类, 聚类分析

Abstract:

In 190 Paeonia rockii（flare tree peony）cultivars,the colorimeter was used to measure the flower color parameters in the full bloom period for two consecutive years,and the measured L^*,a^*,and b^* values were converted into H（Hue）,V（Value）and C（Chroma）values of the Munsell Color System. Then,according to the systematic clustering analysis of L^*,a^*,and b^* values combined with the ISCC-NBS Method,each petal sample’s color was described qualitatively. The result showed：the color classification by cluster analysis on the L^*,a^*,and b^* values can more accurately reflected the true color of flare tree peony than that by the ISCC-NBS Method,so that the flower colors can be classified into six color systems,including five colors like white,pink,red,purplish red and black red,and one blended color that can be identified directly by eyes. In such the newly-established color classification system of flare tree peony,the quantitative classification range of five color systems and the measurement value on the flower of each cultivar were obtained to realize the quantitative description of distinct color systems. These results supply important experimental data for the classification, identification and breeding of flare tree peony.

Key words: Paeonia rockii, flower color phenotype, quantitative classification, cluster analysis

中图分类号:

S685.11

郭鑫, 成仿云, 钟原, 成信云, 陶熙文. 紫斑牡丹花色表型数量分类研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(1): 86-99.

GUO Xin, CHENG Fangyun, ZHONG Yuan, CHENG Xinyun, TAO Xiwen. The Quantitative Classification of Flower Color Phenotype in Paeonia rockii（Flare Tree Peony）[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(1): 86-99.

图/表 8

参考文献 41

[1]	Bai Xin-xiang. 2007. Phenotype analysis of flower coloration of Chrysanthemum  morifolium Ramat[Ph. D. Dissertation]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University. (in Chinese)
	白新祥. 2007. 菊花花色形成的表型分析[博士论文]. 北京: 北京林业大学.
[2]	Bai Xin-xiang, Hu Ke, Dai Si-lan, Wang Liang-sheng. 2006. Components of flower pigments in the petals of different color Chrysanthemum  morifolium Ramat. cultivars. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 28 (5):84-89. (in Chinese)
	白新祥, 胡可, 戴思兰, 王亮生. 2006. 不同花色菊花品种花色素成分的初步分析. 北京林业大学学报, 28 (5):84-89.
[3]	Cai Chang-fu. 2015. High-density genetic linkage map construction and QTLs analyses for phenotypic traits in tree peony[Ph. D. Dissertation]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University. (in Chinese)
	蔡长福. 2015. 牡丹高密度遗传图谱构建及重要性状QTL分析[博士论文]. 北京: 北京林业大学.
[4]	Cao Xi-jun, Cheng Fang-yun. 2009. Primary introducing report on advanced generation hybrids of tree peonies. Advances in Ornamental Horticulture of China:75-78. (in Chinese)
	曹羲君, 成仿云. 2009. 牡丹高代杂种引种初报. 中国观赏园艺研究进展:75-78.
[5]	Cheng F Y. 2007. Advances in the breeding of tree peonies and a cultivar system for the cultivar group. International Journal of Plant Breeding, 1 (2):89-104.
[6]	Cheng F Y, Yu X N. 2008. Flare tree peonies(Paeonia rockii hybrids)and the origin of the cultivar group. Acta Horticulturae,(766):375-381.
[7]	Cheng Fang-yun, Li Jia-jue, Chen De-zhong. 2005. Chinese flare mudan. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House:96-154. (in Chinese)
	成仿云, 李嘉珏, 陈德忠. 2005. 中国紫斑牡丹. 北京: 中国林业出版社:96-154.
[8]	Cheng Fang-yun, Li Jia-jue, Yu ling. 1998. Exportation of Chinese tree peonies(mudan)and their developments in other countries Ⅱ:wild species. Journal of Northwest Normal University (Natural Science), 34 (3):103-108. (in Chinese)
	成仿云, 李嘉珏, 于玲. 1998. 中国牡丹的输出及其在国外的发展Ⅱ:野生牡丹. 西北师范大学学报(自然科学版), 34 (3):103-108.
[9]	Davis J W. 2008. Handbook of univariate and multivariate data analysis and interpretation with SPSS. The American Statistician,62 (3):268.
[10]	Ding Su-qin, Sun Yi, Li Xi, Tang Dong-qin, Shi Yi-min. 2019. Study on the numerical classification of flower color phenotype in Freesia hybrida. Northern Horticulture,(4):85-91. (in Chinese)
	丁苏芹, 孙忆, 李玺, 唐东芹, 史益敏. 2019. 小苍兰品种花色表型数量分类研究. 北方园艺,(4):85-91.
[11]	Gonnet J F. 2003. Origin of the color of Cv. Rhapsody in blue rose and some other so-called“Blue”roses. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51 (17):4990-4994. doi: 10.1021/jf0343276 URL
[12]	Guo X, Cheng F Y, Zhong Y. 2020. Genetic diversity of Paeonia rockii(flare tree peony)germplasm accessions revealed by phenotypic traits,EST-SSR markers and chloroplast DNA sequences. Forests, 11 (6):672. doi: 10.3390/f11060672 URL
[13]	Han Jiang-nan, Fan Jin-ling, Gong Wei-dong, Zhu Wen-xue, Ma Hai-le, Cheng Yuan-bin. 2010. Cluster analysis on the determination flower colors of central plains tree peony. Northern Horticulture,(3):75-79. (in Chinese)
	韩江南, 樊金玲, 巩卫东, 朱文学, 马海乐, 程源斌. 2010. 中原牡丹品种基于花色测定的聚类分析. 北方园艺,(3):75-79.
[14]	Hong D Y, Pan K Y, Yu H. 1998. Taxonomy of the Paeonia delavayi Complex(Paeoniaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 85 (4):554-564. doi: 10.2307/2992016 URL
[15]	Hong Yan, Bai Xin-xiang, Sun Wei, Jia Feng-wei, Dai Si-lan. 2012. The numerical classification of chrysanthemum flower color phenotype. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 39 (7):1330-1340. (in Chinese)
	洪艳, 白新祥, 孙卫, 贾锋炜, 戴思兰. 2012. 菊花品种花色表型数量分类研究. 园艺学报, 39 (7):1330-1340.
[16]	Hong Yan, Wu Yuwei, Song Xiang, Li Mengling, Dai Silan. 2021. Molecular mechanism of light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in horticultural crops. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 48 (10):1983-2000. (in Chinese)
	洪艳, 武宇薇, 宋想, 李梦灵, 戴思兰. 2021. 光照调控园艺作物花青素苷生物合成的分子机制. 园艺学报, 48 (10):1983-2000.
[17]	Hosoki T, Hamada M, Kando T, Moriwaki R, Inaba K. 1991. Comparative study of anthocyanins in tree peony flowers. Journal of Horticultural Society, 60 (2):395-403.
[18]	Li Jia-jue. 1999. Chinese tree peony. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House:239-242. (in Chinese)
	李嘉珏. 1999. 中国牡丹与芍药. 北京: 中国林业出版社:239-242.
[19]	Li Jia-jue. 2006. Chinese tree peony. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House:20-38. (in Chinese)
	李嘉珏. 2006. 中国牡丹品种图志. 北京: 中国林业出版社:20-38.
[20]	Liu Yu-ying, Cheng Fang-yun. 2009. The classification research of color type in Zhongyuan peony. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 36(Supplement):2063. (in Chinese)
	刘玉英, 成仿云. 2009. 中原牡丹花色类型及其分类研究. 园艺学报, 36 (增刊):2063.
[21]	Lou Qian, Liu Bing, Hu Bichun, Hou Ting, Liu Yali. 2021. Research progress on the color development of blue flowers of monocots. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 48 (10):2018-2030.
	娄倩, 刘冰, 胡碧春, 侯婷, 刘雅莉. 2021. 单子叶植物蓝色花呈色机理研究进展. 园艺学报, 48 (10):2018-2030.
[22]	Luo Hao, Cheng Fangyun, Guo Xin, Tao Xiwen, Wang Xu. 2020. Evaluation and selection of cut-flower cultivars based on grey relational grade analysis in flare tree peony(Paeonia rockii). Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 47 (11):2169-2180. (in Chinese)
	罗浩, 成仿云, 郭鑫, 陶熙文, 王旭. 2020. 基于灰色关联度分析法评价筛选紫斑牡丹切花品种. 园艺学报, 47 (11):2169-2180.
[23]	McGuire R G. 1992. Reporting of objective color measurements. HortScience, 27 (12):1254-1255. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.27.12.1254 URL
[24]	Qin Kui-jie, Li Jia-jue. 1990. Studies on the flower type classification of tree peony and peony cultivars. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 12 (1):18-26.
	秦魁杰, 李嘉珏. 1990. 牡丹、芍药品种花型分类研究. 北京林业大学学报, 12 (1):18-26.
[25]	Sun Wei, Li Chong-hui, Wang Liang-sheng, Dai Si-lan. 2010. Analysis on measuremental position of ligulate floret color of chrysanthemum. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 37 (5):777-784. (in Chinese)
	孙卫, 李崇晖, 王亮生, 戴思兰. 2010. 菊花舌状花花色测定部位的探讨. 园艺学报, 37 (5):777-784.
[26]	Tanaka Y, Katsumoto Y, Brugliera F, Mason J. 2005. Genetic engineering in floriculture. Plant Cell Tissue & Organ Culture, 80 (1):1-24.
[27]	Torskangerpoll K, Nørbæk R, Nodland E, Øvstedal D O, Andersen Ø M. 2005. Anthocyanin content of Tulipa species and cultivars and its impact on tepal colours. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 33 (5):499-510. doi: 10.1016/j.bse.2004.12.001 URL
[28]	Tucher A O, Maciarello M J, Tucker S S. 1991. A survey of color charts for biological descriptions. Taxon, 40 (2):201-214. doi: 10.2307/1222974 URL
[29]	Voss D H. 1992. Relating colorimeter measurement of plant color to the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart. HortScience, 27:1256-1260. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.27.12.1256 URL
[30]	Wang L S, Hashimoto F, Shiraishi A, Aoki N, Li J J, Sakata Y. 2004. Chemical taxonomy of the xibei tree peony from china by floral pigmentation. Journal of Plant Research, 117 (1):47-55. doi: 10.1007/s10265-003-0130-6 URL
[31]	Wang L S, Shiraishi A, Hashimoto F, Aoki N, Sakata Y. 2001. Analysis of petal anthocyanins to investigate flower coloration of Zhongyuan(Chinese)and Daikon Island(Japanese)tree peony cultivars. Journal of Plant Research, 114 (1):33-43. doi: 10.1007/PL00013966 URL
[32]	Wang Lian-ying. 1997. Chinese tree peony. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House:52-202. (in Chinese)
	王莲英. 1997. 中国牡丹品种图志. 北京: 中国林业出版社:52-202.
[33]	Wang Lian-ying, Yuan Tao. 2015. Sequel of chinese tree peony. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House:140-154. (in Chinese)
	王莲英, 袁涛. 2015. 中国牡丹品种图志(续志). 北京:中国林业出版社: 140-154.
[34]	Wang Yu-jiao, Gao Lan, Yang Yong, Yu Xiao-nan. 2018. Numerical classification of peony cultivars based on flower color phenotype. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 40 (7):96-103. (in Chinese)
	王玉蛟, 高岚, 杨勇, 于晓南. 2018. 基于花色表型的芍药品种数量分类研究. 北京林业大学学报, 40 (7):96-103.
[35]	Wen Jiaxin, Wang Chaolin, Feng Hui, Li Shanshan, Wang Liangsheng, Wu Ronghua, Zhao Shiwei. 2021. Research progress on flower color of rose. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 48 (10):2044-2056. (in Chinese)
	温佳辛, 王超林, 冯慧, 李珊珊, 王亮生, 武荣花, 赵世伟. 2021. 月季花色研究进展. 园艺学报, 48 (10):2044-2056.
[36]	Wu Jing, Cheng Fang-yun, Zhong Yuan. 2016. The numerical classification of flower color phenotype in flare tree peony. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 43 (5):947-956. (in Chinese)
	吴静, 成仿云, 钟原. 2016. 紫斑牡丹花色表型数量分类研究. 园艺学报, 43 (5):947-956.
[37]	Xia Ting, Geng Xing-min, Luo Feng-xia. 2013. Components of flower pigments in the petals of wild Lilium in China. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 41 (5):109-113. (in Chinese)
	夏婷, 耿兴敏, 罗凤霞. 2013. 不同花色野生百合色素成分分析. 东北林业大学学报, 41 (5):109-113.
[38]	Yu Heng, Yang Nian-ci. 1962. Evolution and formation of chinese tree peony varieties. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 1 (2):176-186. (in Chinese)
	喻衡, 杨念慈. 1962. 中国牡丹品种的演化和形成. 园艺学报, 1 (2):176-186.
[39]	Zhang Wang-xiang, Jiang Zhi-hua, Qiu Jing, Wei Hong-liang, Cao Fu-liang. 2013. Studies on sequence dynamic distribution pattern of flower color parameters of ornamental crabapple. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 40 (3):505-514. (in Chinese)
	张往祥, 江志华, 裘靓, 魏宏亮, 曹福亮. 2013. 观赏海棠花色时序动态分布格局研究. 园艺学报, 40 (3):505-514.
[40]	Zhang Xiao-xiao, Song Chao, Zhang Yan-long, Niu Li-xin, Zhang Qing-yu, Xie Li-xing. 2017. Phenotypic diversity of Paeonia rockii populations in Qinling and Ziwuling Mountain areas. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 44 (1):139-150. (in Chinese)
	张晓骁, 宋超, 张延龙, 牛立新, 张庆雨, 谢力行. 2017. 秦岭与子午岭地区紫斑牡丹居群表型多样性研究. 园艺学报, 44 (1):139-150.
[41]	Zhong Chunmei, Wang Xiaojing. 2021. Advance in research on regulation of flower pigmentation in Gerbera hybrida. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 48 (10):2031-2043. (in Chinese)
	钟春梅, 王小菁. 2021. 非洲菊花色形成调控研究进展. 园艺学报, 48 (10):2031-2043.

色系 Color group	序号 No.	颜色名称 Color name	品种数量 Cultivar number
黄白色Yellowish white	1	灰偏黄Yellowish gray	2
黄白色Yellowish white	2	白偏黄Yellowish white	12
黄绿色Yellowish green	3	淡绿偏黄Pale yellowish green	41
浅粉色Light pink	4	粉偏棕Brownish pink	4
	5	灰粉偏黄Grayish yellowish pink	2
	6	浅粉Light pink	2
	7	淡粉偏黄Pale yellowish pink	5
粉色Pink	8	灰粉Grayish pink	5
红色Red	9	暗粉偏紫Dark purplish pink	1
	10	浅紫偏红Light reddish purple	3
	11	强紫偏红Strong reddish purple	31
	12	深粉偏紫Deep purplish pink	1
	13	鲜红偏紫Vivid purplish red	1
紫色Purple	14	灰粉偏紫Grayish purplish pink	3
紫色Purple	15	浅灰红偏紫Light grayish purplish red	1
紫色Purple	16	浅粉偏紫Light purplish pink	2
	17	中粉偏紫Moderate purplish pink	9
	18	中红偏紫Moderate purplish red	2
	19	中紫Moderate purple	1
	20	暗红偏紫Dark purplish red	2
	21	强粉偏紫Strong purplish pink	6
深红色Deep red	22	暗红Dark red	6
	23	强红偏紫Strong purplish red	10
	24	极暗红Very dark red	3
	25	极深红偏紫Very deep purplish red	3
	26	极深红Very deep red	1
	27	深红偏紫Deep purplish red	28
	28	深红Deep red	4
	29	深紫偏红Deep reddish purple	5

色系 Color group	序号 No.	颜色名称 Color name	品种数量 Cultivar number
黄白色Yellowish white	1	灰偏黄Yellowish gray	2
黄白色Yellowish white	2	白偏黄Yellowish white	12
黄绿色Yellowish green	3	淡绿偏黄Pale yellowish green	41
浅粉色Light pink	4	粉偏棕Brownish pink	4
	5	灰粉偏黄Grayish yellowish pink	2
	6	浅粉Light pink	2
	7	淡粉偏黄Pale yellowish pink	5
粉色Pink	8	灰粉Grayish pink	5
红色Red	9	暗粉偏紫Dark purplish pink	1
	10	浅紫偏红Light reddish purple	3
	11	强紫偏红Strong reddish purple	31
	12	深粉偏紫Deep purplish pink	1
	13	鲜红偏紫Vivid purplish red	1
紫色Purple	14	灰粉偏紫Grayish purplish pink	3
紫色Purple	15	浅灰红偏紫Light grayish purplish red	1
紫色Purple	16	浅粉偏紫Light purplish pink	2
	17	中粉偏紫Moderate purplish pink	9
	18	中红偏紫Moderate purplish red	2
	19	中紫Moderate purple	1
	20	暗红偏紫Dark purplish red	2
	21	强粉偏紫Strong purplish pink	6
深红色Deep red	22	暗红Dark red	6
	23	强红偏紫Strong purplish red	10
	24	极暗红Very dark red	3
	25	极深红偏紫Very deep purplish red	3
	26	极深红Very deep red	1
	27	深红偏紫Deep purplish red	28
	28	深红Deep red	4
	29	深紫偏红Deep reddish purple	5

色系 Color group	数量 Number	百分比/% Percentage	L^*	a^*	b^*	C^*
白色White	73	37.24	73.414 ~ 91.617	-7.739 ~ 12.813	4.040 ~ 18.706	8.132 ~ 20.244
粉色Pink	25	12.76	52.900 ~ 71.710	14.978 ~ 33.903	-14.149 ~ 3.663	15.284 ~ 36.631
红色Red	17	8.67	41.100 ~ 60.313	34.483 ~ 44.957	-17.193 ~ 3.743	35.020 ~ 46.056
紫红色Purplish red	73	37.24	23.523 ~ 43.672	33.189 ~ 51.000	-18.450 ~ 7.590	11.531 ~ 51.958
黑红色Dark red	8	4.08	18.627 ~ 24.570	17.283 ~ 29.940	0.051 ~ 2.940	17.532 ~ 29.947

色系 Color group	数量 Number	百分比/% Percentage	L^*	a^*	b^*	C^*
白色White	73	37.24	73.414 ~ 91.617	-7.739 ~ 12.813	4.040 ~ 18.706	8.132 ~ 20.244
粉色Pink	25	12.76	52.900 ~ 71.710	14.978 ~ 33.903	-14.149 ~ 3.663	15.284 ~ 36.631
红色Red	17	8.67	41.100 ~ 60.313	34.483 ~ 44.957	-17.193 ~ 3.743	35.020 ~ 46.056
紫红色Purplish red	73	37.24	23.523 ~ 43.672	33.189 ~ 51.000	-18.450 ~ 7.590	11.531 ~ 51.958
黑红色Dark red	8	4.08	18.627 ~ 24.570	17.283 ~ 29.940	0.051 ~ 2.940	17.532 ~ 29.947