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园艺学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (7): 1707-1717.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0778

• 遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南省澳洲坚果种质资源农艺性状及脂肪酸组成分析

朱艺1, 杨虹霞2, 郑伟康1, 唐少平2, 柴利军1,*(), 杨帆2,*(), 马兆成3,*()   

  1. 1 华中农业大学园艺林学学院,果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室,武汉 430070
    2 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南瑞丽 678600
    3 武汉大学公共卫生学院,武汉 430071
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-20 修回日期:2025-03-06 出版日期:2025-07-23 发布日期:2025-07-23
  • 通讯作者:
  • 基金资助:
    云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202204AC100001-A01); 湖北省中药材产业技术体系项目(2023HBSTX4-07); 湖北省中医药管理局重点项目(ZY023Z021)

Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Fatty Acid Composition of Macadamia Germplasm Resources in Yunnan Province

ZHU Yi1, YANG Hongxia2, ZHENG Weikang1, TANG Shaoping2, CHAI Lijun1,*(), YANG Fan2,*(), MA Zhaocheng3,*()   

  1. 1 National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops,College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China
    2 Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Economic Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Research,Ruili,Yunnan 678600,China
    3 School of Public Health,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China
  • Received:2025-01-20 Revised:2025-03-06 Published:2025-07-23 Online:2025-07-23
  • Contact:

摘要: 以云南省32个澳洲坚果(Macadamia spp.)种质为研究对象,分析其农艺性状和油中脂肪酸组成和含量的差异,以及农艺性状、脂肪酸含量和组成之间的相关性。结果表明,果仁质量最大的种质为昌宁1号(3.83 g),出种率最大的为广西1号(57.10%)、出仁率最大的为红花(38.42%),提油率最高的为695(66.97%)。青皮果越圆,出种率越高,青皮层所占比重与出仁率存在负相关。澳洲坚果油中检测出9种脂肪酸,70.97%为单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA),ω-7单不饱和脂肪酸(棕榈油酸)在H2种质中含量最高(20.47%)。

关键词: 澳洲坚果, 种质, 脂肪酸, 农艺性状, 果实

Abstract:

This study analyzed the correlation between agronomic traits,fatty acid content and composition of 32 macadamia germplasms in Yunnan Province. The results showed that the variety with the largest kernel weight was Changning 1(3.83 g),the variety with the largest nut recovery was Guangxi 1(57.10%),the cultivar with the largest kernel recovery was Honghua(38.42%),and the variety with the highest oil extraction rate was 695(66.97%);the rounded the macadamia fruits were,the higher the nut recovery was,and there was a negative correlation between the weight of the green skinned layer and kernel recovery. Nine fatty acids were detected in Macadamia oil,70.97% of which were monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA),and ω-7 fatty acid(palmitoleic acid)was the most abundant in H2 varieties(20.47%).

Key words: macadamia, germplasm, fatty acid, agronomic traits, fruit