不同栽培地芍药品种资源遗传多样性的SSR分析比较

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-1220

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

依据33对SSR荧光引物的扩增结果，从遗传变异和遗传距离角度对中国4个主要栽培区的386个观赏芍药品种的遗传多样性进行评价。结果显示：（1）中国观赏芍药品种资源具有较高遗传多样性，所用SSR引物的多态信息含量（PIC）值介于0.62 ~ 0.84，平均观测杂合度（H_o）和期望杂合度（H_e）为0.73、0.78，香农信息指数（I）介于1.35 ~ 2.08。（2）各栽培地芍药品种的遗传多样性从高到低依次为山东菏泽、河南洛阳、江苏扬州和甘肃临洮。（3）方差分析显示变异主要来自栽培地内个体间，不同栽培地品种遗传分化系数（F_ST）为0.031，基因流（N_m）为7.795。（4）各栽培地品种间的遗传距离介于0.032 ~ 0.123，遗传一致性介于0.884 ~ 0.969；主坐标分析和聚类结果显示品种遗传分化情况与栽培地不完全相关。研究表明，中国观赏芍药品种遗传信息丰富，但4个栽培地间遗传分化小，各栽培地间的基因交流强。

关键词: 芍药品种群, 遗传分化, 栽培来源, 聚类

Abstract:

Genetic diversity of 386 ornamental herbaceous peonies from four cultivation areas were estimated based on genetic variation and genetic distance by amplification of 33 pairs of SSR fluorescent primers. The results showed that (1) There was rich genetic diversity in Chinese ornamental herbaceous peonies. The polymorphism information content（PIC）of primers was 0.62-0.84，average observation heterozygosity（H_o）and expected heterozygosity（H_e）was 0.73 and 0.78，respectively，and Shannon information index（I）was 1.35-2.08. (2) The genetic diversity of varieties from various cultivation areas in descending order was Heze，Luoyang，Yangzhou and Lintao. (3) AMOVA analysis indicated the variance mainly came from within cultivation areas, genetic differentiation coefficient（F_ST）among cultivation areas was 0.031，and the gene flow（N_m）was 7.795. (4) Genetic distances among the varieties in each cultivated areas ranged from 0.032 to 0.123，and the genetic consistency ranged from 0.884 to 0.969. The results of principal coordinate analysis and clustering revealed that genetic differentiation was not related to the cultivated areas. It can be concluded that there was abundant genetic information in Chinese ornamental herbaceous peonies. Cultivars from four cultivation areas did not show obvious genetic differentiation，but existed frequent exchanges.

Key words: Paeonia lactiflora group, genetic differentiation, cultivation source, clustering

中图分类号:

S682.12

万映伶, 金亦佳, 刘爱青, 朱梦婷, 刘燕. 不同栽培地芍药品种资源遗传多样性的SSR分析比较[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(4): 875-884.

WAN Yingling, JIN Yijia, LIU Aiqing, ZHU Mengting, LIU Yan. Genetic Diversity of Chinese Herbaceous Peony Resources from Various Cultivation Areas Based on SSR Markers[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(4): 875-884.

图/表 7

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位点 Locus	重复基序 Repeat motif	产物大小/bp Size range	等位基因数 Number of observed alleles （N_a）	有效等位基因数 Number of effective alleles （N_e）	香农信息指数 Shannon information index （I）	观测杂合度 Observation heterozygosity （H_o）	期望杂合度 Expected heterozy- gosity（H_e）	固定系数 Fixed index （F）	多态信息含量 Polymorphism information content （PIC）
T852	(AT)8	158 ~ 367	26	3.99	1.82	0.40	0.75	0.46	0.72
S024	(AAT)16	161 ~ 201	23	4.32	1.92	0.72	0.77	0.07	0.74
TA704	(TC)17	237 ~ 277	22	4.62	1.95	0.51	0.78	0.35	0.76
TA564	(TA)8	172 ~ 201	21	5.00	1.97	0.77	0.80	0.04	0.78
S025	(ATT)7	268 ~ 350	19	5.36	2.01	0.68	0.81	0.17	0.79
TA038	(CT)9	259 ~ 299	19	5.20	2.05	0.23	0.81	0.72	0.79
TA133	(AT)8	258 ~ 286	17	4.46	1.88	0.56	0.78	0.28	0.75
T300	(AT)10	218 ~ 238	17	3.20	1.62	0.55	0.69	0.20	0.66
T125	(TC)9	128 ~ 170	15	4.79	1.78	0.86	0.79	-0.08	0.76
T356	(AG)9	247 ~ 269	15	4.18	1.70	0.34	0.76	0.56	0.72
TA700	(AG)9	278 ~ 312	15	4.99	1.90	0.81	0.80	-0.01	0.77
T205	(TC)9	275 ~ 301	14	5.80	2.04	0.83	0.83	0.00	0.81
TA028	(AC)6	101 ~ 123	14	3.54	1.63	0.74	0.72	-0.03	0.69
TA134	(GA)16	142 ~ 224	14	4.60	1.92	0.90	0.78	-0.16	0.76
S237	(CTG)8	193 ~ 219	14	4.53	1.78	0.84	0.78	-0.08	0.75
T160	(CT)10	205 ~ 227	13	6.91	2.08	0.82	0.86	0.04	0.84
TA464	(TC)8	200 ~ 214	13	6.23	1.95	0.80	0.84	0.05	0.82
F106	(TATG)5	200 ~ 290	13	5.31	1.84	0.76	0.81	0.06	0.79
SA010	(AAT)5	264 ~ 294	13	3.91	1.66	0.73	0.74	0.01	0.71
TA673	(CA)18	190 ~ 288	12	3.64	1.54	0.90	0.72	-0.24	0.68
T241	(GA)15	127 ~ 157	12	5.75	1.95	0.90	0.83	-0.08	0.81
TA074	(CT)8	260 ~ 306	12	4.22	1.73	0.89	0.76	-0.17	0.73
TA082	(AG)6	242 ~ 280	11	5.03	1.74	0.72	0.80	0.10	0.77
TA610	(TC)8	257 ~ 291	11	4.42	1.67	0.79	0.77	-0.02	0.74
TA086	(AG)10	393 ~ 419	10	3.04	1.39	0.63	0.67	0.05	0.62
T317	(CT)10	157 ~ 183	10	5.94	1.89	0.92	0.83	-0.11	0.81
T237	(CT)10	95 ~ 109	10	4.24	1.65	0.73	0.76	0.04	0.73
T040	(GA)7	228 ~ 246	9	4.53	1.66	0.71	0.78	0.09	0.75
T179	(AT)7	235 ~ 269	9	3.88	1.46	0.68	0.74	0.09	0.70
T863	(AG)10	140 ~ 160	9	4.37	1.70	0.82	0.77	-0.06	0.74
S853	(TTG)5	158 ~ 186	9	5.15	1.76	0.83	0.81	-0.03	0.78
T304	(GA)10	147 ~ 163	8	4.45	1.67	0.87	0.78	-0.12	0.74
T163	(TA)8	146 ~ 160	7	2.99	1.35	0.70	0.67	-0.05	0.62
均值Mean			13.82	4.62	1.78	0.73	0.78	0.06	0.75
标准误SE			0.80	0.16	0.03	0.03	0.01	0.04	0.01

位点 Locus	重复基序 Repeat motif	产物大小/bp Size range	等位基因数 Number of observed alleles （N_a）	有效等位基因数 Number of effective alleles （N_e）	香农信息指数 Shannon information index （I）	观测杂合度 Observation heterozygosity （H_o）	期望杂合度 Expected heterozy- gosity（H_e）	固定系数 Fixed index （F）	多态信息含量 Polymorphism information content （PIC）
T852	(AT)8	158 ~ 367	26	3.99	1.82	0.40	0.75	0.46	0.72
S024	(AAT)16	161 ~ 201	23	4.32	1.92	0.72	0.77	0.07	0.74
TA704	(TC)17	237 ~ 277	22	4.62	1.95	0.51	0.78	0.35	0.76
TA564	(TA)8	172 ~ 201	21	5.00	1.97	0.77	0.80	0.04	0.78
S025	(ATT)7	268 ~ 350	19	5.36	2.01	0.68	0.81	0.17	0.79
TA038	(CT)9	259 ~ 299	19	5.20	2.05	0.23	0.81	0.72	0.79
TA133	(AT)8	258 ~ 286	17	4.46	1.88	0.56	0.78	0.28	0.75
T300	(AT)10	218 ~ 238	17	3.20	1.62	0.55	0.69	0.20	0.66
T125	(TC)9	128 ~ 170	15	4.79	1.78	0.86	0.79	-0.08	0.76
T356	(AG)9	247 ~ 269	15	4.18	1.70	0.34	0.76	0.56	0.72
TA700	(AG)9	278 ~ 312	15	4.99	1.90	0.81	0.80	-0.01	0.77
T205	(TC)9	275 ~ 301	14	5.80	2.04	0.83	0.83	0.00	0.81
TA028	(AC)6	101 ~ 123	14	3.54	1.63	0.74	0.72	-0.03	0.69
TA134	(GA)16	142 ~ 224	14	4.60	1.92	0.90	0.78	-0.16	0.76
S237	(CTG)8	193 ~ 219	14	4.53	1.78	0.84	0.78	-0.08	0.75
T160	(CT)10	205 ~ 227	13	6.91	2.08	0.82	0.86	0.04	0.84
TA464	(TC)8	200 ~ 214	13	6.23	1.95	0.80	0.84	0.05	0.82
F106	(TATG)5	200 ~ 290	13	5.31	1.84	0.76	0.81	0.06	0.79
SA010	(AAT)5	264 ~ 294	13	3.91	1.66	0.73	0.74	0.01	0.71
TA673	(CA)18	190 ~ 288	12	3.64	1.54	0.90	0.72	-0.24	0.68
T241	(GA)15	127 ~ 157	12	5.75	1.95	0.90	0.83	-0.08	0.81
TA074	(CT)8	260 ~ 306	12	4.22	1.73	0.89	0.76	-0.17	0.73
TA082	(AG)6	242 ~ 280	11	5.03	1.74	0.72	0.80	0.10	0.77
TA610	(TC)8	257 ~ 291	11	4.42	1.67	0.79	0.77	-0.02	0.74
TA086	(AG)10	393 ~ 419	10	3.04	1.39	0.63	0.67	0.05	0.62
T317	(CT)10	157 ~ 183	10	5.94	1.89	0.92	0.83	-0.11	0.81
T237	(CT)10	95 ~ 109	10	4.24	1.65	0.73	0.76	0.04	0.73
T040	(GA)7	228 ~ 246	9	4.53	1.66	0.71	0.78	0.09	0.75
T179	(AT)7	235 ~ 269	9	3.88	1.46	0.68	0.74	0.09	0.70
T863	(AG)10	140 ~ 160	9	4.37	1.70	0.82	0.77	-0.06	0.74
S853	(TTG)5	158 ~ 186	9	5.15	1.76	0.83	0.81	-0.03	0.78
T304	(GA)10	147 ~ 163	8	4.45	1.67	0.87	0.78	-0.12	0.74
T163	(TA)8	146 ~ 160	7	2.99	1.35	0.70	0.67	-0.05	0.62
均值Mean			13.82	4.62	1.78	0.73	0.78	0.06	0.75
标准误SE			0.80	0.16	0.03	0.03	0.01	0.04	0.01

抽样 Sampling	样本数 Numbers of sampling （N）	等位基因数 Number of observed alleles （N_a）	有效等位基因数 Number of effective alleles （N_e）	香农信息指数 Shannon information index （I）	观测杂合度 Observation heterozygosity （H_o）	期望杂合度 Expected heterozygosity（H_e）
第1次1st	29.75 ± 0.04	6.91 ± 0.15	3.98 ± 0.10	1.53 ± 0.02	0.71 ± 0.02	0.73 ± 0.01
第2次2nd	29.75 ± 0.04	7.30 ± 0.15	4.04 ± 0.09	1.57 ± 0.02	0.72 ± 0.02	0.73 ± 0.01
第3次3rd	29.75 ± 0.04	7.32 ± 0.15	4.12 ± 0.10	1.58 ± 0.02	0.71 ± 0.02	0.74 ± 0.01
全部Total	96.49 ± 4.27	9.13 ± 0.26	4.18 ± 0.10	1.62 ± 0.02	0.72 ± 0.02	0.74 ± 0.01

抽样 Sampling	样本数 Numbers of sampling （N）	等位基因数 Number of observed alleles （N_a）	有效等位基因数 Number of effective alleles （N_e）	香农信息指数 Shannon information index （I）	观测杂合度 Observation heterozygosity （H_o）	期望杂合度 Expected heterozygosity（H_e）
第1次1st	29.75 ± 0.04	6.91 ± 0.15	3.98 ± 0.10	1.53 ± 0.02	0.71 ± 0.02	0.73 ± 0.01
第2次2nd	29.75 ± 0.04	7.30 ± 0.15	4.04 ± 0.09	1.57 ± 0.02	0.72 ± 0.02	0.73 ± 0.01
第3次3rd	29.75 ± 0.04	7.32 ± 0.15	4.12 ± 0.10	1.58 ± 0.02	0.71 ± 0.02	0.74 ± 0.01
全部Total	96.49 ± 4.27	9.13 ± 0.26	4.18 ± 0.10	1.62 ± 0.02	0.72 ± 0.02	0.74 ± 0.01

栽培地 Culture place	样本数 Numbers of sampling （N）	等位基因数 Number of observed alleles （N_a）	有效等位基因数 Number of effective alleles （N_e）	观测杂合度 Observation heterozygosity （H_o）	期望杂合度 Expected heterozygosity （H_e）	香农信息指数 Shannon information index（I）	遗传分化系数 Genetic differentiation index（F_ST）	基因流 Gene flow （N_m）
菏泽Heze	165	10.79	4.57	0.75	0.77	1.74
洛阳Luoyang	93	9.67	4.35	0.74	0.76	1.68
扬州Yangzhou	97	9.48	4.14	0.68	0.74	1.62
临洮Lintao	29	6.61	3.66	0.69	0.69	1.45
全部Total							0.031	7.795