原儿茶醛—氧化锌—壳聚糖杂化涂膜的制备及其对油蟠桃的保鲜效果

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0887

园艺学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 2959-2968.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0887

原儿茶醛—氧化锌—壳聚糖杂化涂膜的制备及其对油蟠桃的保鲜效果

李娜¹, 曹金锋³^,^*(), 翟美珠²^,^*(), 李莹⁴, 晋书建⁵, 李玥⁶

¹ 元氏县轩鑫农业生态园有限公司，石家庄 050061
² 河北工程技术学院，石家庄 050061
³ 北京林业大学，北京 100083
⁴ 河北省林业和草原科学研究院，石家庄 050061
⁵ 康保县自然资源和规划局，河北张家口 076650
⁶ 河北省科技创新服务中心，石家庄 050061

收稿日期:2025-07-23 修回日期:2025-09-25 出版日期:2025-11-26 发布日期:2025-11-26
通讯作者:
^* E-mail：122472647@qq.com；
zhaimeizhu2024@126.com
基金资助:
河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZC2023146); 河北省重点研发计划项目(21321201D)

Preparation of Protocatechuic Aldehyde Zinc Oxide Chitosan Hybrid Coating and Its Preservation Effect on Flat-Nectarine

LI Na¹, CAO Jinfeng³^,^*(), ZHAI Meizhu²^,^*(), LI Ying⁴, JIN Shujian⁵, LI Yue⁶

¹ Yuanshi Xuanxin Agricultural Ecological Park Co, Ltd， Shijiazhuang 050061， China
² Hebei University of Engineering and Technology， Shijiazhuang 050061， China
³ Beijing Forestry University， Beijing 100083， China
⁴ Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences， Shijiazhuang 050061， China
⁵ Kangbao County Natural Resources and Planning Bureau， Zhangjiakou， Hebei 076650， China
⁶ The Science and Technology Innovation Service Center of Hebei Province， Shijiazhuang 050061， China

Received:2025-07-23 Revised:2025-09-25 Published:2025-11-26 Online:2025-11-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以壳聚糖（chitosan，CS）为成膜基质，与交联剂原儿茶醛（protocatechualdehyde，PCA）和无机填料纳米氧化锌（ZnO）复合，制备不同组分的原儿茶醛—氧化锌—壳聚糖杂化涂膜用于油蟠桃保鲜。对杂化涂膜的机械性能、气体阻隔能力、抗氧化和抗菌性能和贮藏过程中油桃果实的失重率、硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、丙二醛含量等指标进行测试。结果表明，随着PCA含量增加，交联度的提高，涂膜内部致密度提高，力学性能和气体阻隔能力显著改善；儿茶醛和氧化锌的添加还可以显著提高涂膜的抗菌和抗氧化性能。原儿茶醛—氧化锌—壳聚糖杂化涂膜能够显著延缓油桃采后腐烂变质，维持果实品质，储藏12 d后果实腐烂率减少70%，硬度可达3.8 kg · cm^-2，可溶性固形物、可滴定酸消耗量与未经涂膜处理相比分别提高68%和136%，丙二醛含量下降41%。

关键词: 油蟠桃, 采后, 壳聚糖, 原儿茶醛, 氧化锌, 保鲜涂膜剂, 品质

Abstract:

Using chitosan（CS）as the film-forming matrix，a hybrid coating composed of protocatechualdehyde（PCA）as a cross-linking agent and inorganic filler nano-zinc oxide（ZnO）was prepared with varying compositions for the preservation of flat-nectarines. The mechanical properties，gas barrier capacity，antioxidant and antibacterial performance of the hybrid coating，as well as the weight loss rate，hardness，soluble solids，titratable acid，and malondialdehyde content of the stored flat-nectarines，were tested. The results showed that as the PCA content increased，the cross-linking degree improved，leading to enhanced internal density，significantly better mechanical properties，and improved gas barrier capacity. The addition of protocatechualdehyde and zinc oxide also significantly enhanced the antibacterial and antioxidant performance of the coating. The protocatechualdehyde-zinc oxide-chitosan hybrid coating effectively delayed postharvest decay and maintained fruit quality，reducing the fruit decay rate by 70% after 12 days of storage. The hardness reached 3.8 kg · cm^-2，while the soluble solids and titratable acid consumption increased by 68% and 136% respectively compared to untreated fruits，and the malondialdehyde content decreased by 41%.

Key words: flat-nectarine, postharvest, chitosan, protocatechuic aldehyde, zinc oxide, preservation coating agent, quality

李娜, 曹金锋, 翟美珠, 李莹, 晋书建, 李玥. 原儿茶醛—氧化锌—壳聚糖杂化涂膜的制备及其对油蟠桃的保鲜效果[J]. 园艺学报, 2025, 52(11): 2959-2968.

LI Na, CAO Jinfeng, ZHAI Meizhu, LI Ying, JIN Shujian, LI Yue. Preparation of Protocatechuic Aldehyde Zinc Oxide Chitosan Hybrid Coating and Its Preservation Effect on Flat-Nectarine[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(11): 2959-2968.

图/表 7

表1 不同涂膜各组分含量

Table 1 Content parameters of each component of the coating film

涂膜名称 Coating name	壳聚糖/% Chitosan（CS）	纳米氧化锌/% ZnO	原儿茶醛/% Protocatechualdehyde（PCA）
对照Control	0	0	0
CS	3.0	—	—
CS-ZnO	3.0	0.2	—
CS-PCA-ZnO-1	3.0	0.2	0.05
CS-PCA-ZnO-2	3.0	0.4	0.10
CS-PCA-ZnO-3	3.0	0.6	0.15

图1 原儿茶醛—氧化锌—壳聚糖杂化涂膜的结构示意图（A）和不同涂膜的微观结构（B）

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hybrid coating of protocatechuic aldehyde zinc oxide chitosan（A）and microstructure of different coatings（B）

图2 涂膜的力学性能（A）和气体阻隔能力（B）不同字母表示各处理间差异显著（P < 0.05）。下同

Fig. 2 Mechanical property（A）and gas barrier capacity（B） of coating materials Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments（P < 0.05）. The same below.

图3 涂膜的抑菌性能（A）和抗氧化性能（B）

Fig. 3 Antibacterial properties（A）and ntioxidant activity（B）of the coating materials

图4 不同涂膜处理对油蟠桃果实失重率（A）和腐烂率（B）的影响

Fig. 4 The effect of different coating treatments on the weight loss rate（A）and decay rate（B）of flat-nectarine fruit

图5 不同涂膜处理对油蟠桃果实硬度（A）和可溶性固形物（B）的影响

Fig. 5 The effect of different coating treatments on the hardness（A）and the content of soluble solids（B）of flat-nectarine fruit

图6 不同涂膜处理对油蟠桃果实可滴定酸（A）和丙二醛（B）含量的影响

Fig. 6 The effect of different coating treatments on the titratable acid（A）and malondialdehyde（B）content of flat-nectarine fruit

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原儿茶醛—氧化锌—壳聚糖杂化涂膜的制备及其对油蟠桃的保鲜效果

Preparation of Protocatechuic Aldehyde Zinc Oxide Chitosan Hybrid Coating and Its Preservation Effect on Flat-Nectarine

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原儿茶醛—氧化锌—壳聚糖杂化涂膜的制备及其对油蟠桃的保鲜效果

Preparation of Protocatechuic Aldehyde Zinc Oxide Chitosan Hybrid Coating and Its Preservation Effect on Flat-Nectarine

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