Resistance Identification of Cowpea and Preliminary Study on Defense Mechanism Against Aphid

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0627

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (7): 1926-1934.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0627

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Resistance Identification of Cowpea and Preliminary Study on Defense Mechanism Against Aphid

CHEN Yiting¹^,², LIANG Xiao³^,⁴, LIU Ying³^,⁴, WU Chunling³^,⁴, LOU Yonggen¹^,², and CHEN Qing³^,⁴^,^*()

¹ Institute of Insect Sciences，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058，China
² Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University，Sanya，Hainan 572025，China
³ Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Control of Tropical Crops Diseases and Insect Pests，Environment and Plant Protection Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences，Haikou 571101，China
⁴ Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions，Sanya Research Academy of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science，Sanya，Hainan 572000，China

Received:2025-01-21 Revised:2025-04-16 Online:2025-07-23 Published:2025-07-23
Contact: and CHEN Qing

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to evaluate and selecte the aphid-resistant cowpea cultivars and elucidates the resistance mechanism. Five cowpea cultivars that preserved in the lab were subjected to greenhouse identification by using aphid damage index method. The results showed that‘Texuan Zhangtangwang’and‘Yingkou Cowpea’were identified as resistant cultivars，and‘Dabaipi’was identified as moderate resistant cultivars，in addition，‘Zhichi Cowpea’and‘Pink Cowpea’was identified as highly susceptible cultivars. Furthermore，while selecting Texuan Zhangtangwang（R）and Zhichi Cowpea（S）as the tested materials，by comparing the development and reproduction indicators of Aphis craccivora on two different cultivars of cowpeas and the parameters of their population life tables，it was found that the aphid-resistant cultivars‘Texuan Zhangtangwang’could significantly inhibit the growth and population growth of the A.craccivora. Enzyme-linked immunoassay（ELISA）was used to compare the influence on the contents of phenylpropane-related secondary substances and activities of synthetases on resistant and susceptible cowpea cultivars while being infested by A. craccivora. The results showed that the contents of total flavone and lignin and the enzyme activities of PAL and C4H in aphid-resistant cultivar were significantly higher than those in aphid-sensitive cultivar. From the perspective of host-pest interaction，this study elucidates the mechanism of anti-aphid defense reaction of aphid-resistant cultivars by activating phenylpropane metabolic pathway，thereby reducing the fitness of A. craccivora population.

Key words: Vigna unguiculata, Aphis craccivora, resistance, identification, mechanism

CHEN Yiting, LIANG Xiao, LIU Ying, WU Chunling, LOU Yonggen, and CHEN Qing. Resistance Identification of Cowpea and Preliminary Study on Defense Mechanism Against Aphid[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(7): 1926-1934.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1 The developmental durations of Aphis craccivora feeding on aphid-resistant and aphid-susceptible cowpea cultivars Data indicate mean value ± SE；“*”and“**”indicate significant difference（α = 0.05），extremely significant difference（α = 0.01）respectively. The same below

Table 1 Life table parameters of Aphis craccivora after feeding on aphid-resistant and aphid-susceptible cowpea cultivars

豇豆品种 Cowpea culvtiar	净增值率R₀ Net reproduction rate	平均世代周期T/d Mean generation time	内禀增长率r_m/d^-1 Intrinsic rate of increase	周限增长率λ/d^-1 Finite rate of increase	种群加倍时间Dt/d Population doublingtime
特选张唐王（R） Texuan Zhangtangwang	73.30 ± 0.94	12.06 ± 0.09	0.36 ± 0.003	1.43 ± 0.004	1.95 ± 0.014
咫尺豇豆（S） Zhichi Cowpea	103.27 ± 1.45**	12.41 ± 0.11	0.37 ± 0.003**	1.45 ± 0.004**	1.86 ± 0.015**

Fig. 2 Changes of total flavonoid and lignin content in aphid-resistant and aphid-susceptible cowpea cultivars fed by Aphis craccivora

Fig. 3 Changes of phenylpropane key enzyme activity in aphid-resistant and aphid-susceptible cowpea cultivars fed by Aphis craccivora

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Resistance Identification of Cowpea and Preliminary Study on Defense Mechanism Against Aphid

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