Application of Plant Growth Regulators in Tomato Production and Their Effects on Fruit Quality

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0150

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 313-330.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0150

• Reviews • Previous Articles

Application of Plant Growth Regulators in Tomato Production and Their Effects on Fruit Quality

FAN Yongsheng¹, REN Yi², LIU Sichao³, FENG Fudong⁴, NIE Lanchun¹, WANG Xinxin¹^,²^,^*()

¹ College of Horticulture， Hebei Agricultural University，Baoding， Hebei 071001， China
² National Research Center of Agricultural Engineering Technology in Northern Mountainous Areas， Hebei Agricultural University，Baoding， Hebei 071001， China
³ Vegetable Technology Promotion Station of Chengde City， Chengde， Hebei 067000， China
⁴ Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Mancheng District， Baoding， Hebei 072150， China

Received:2025-04-13 Revised:2025-09-12 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-26
Contact: WANG Xinxin

Abstract

Abstract:

With the development of socio-economy and the modern planting technology，at present，China’s tomato production has reached the highest planting scale in history. However，while pursuing high yield，the problem of the decrease of tomato quality is increasingly highlighted Plant growth regulators are widely used in tomato planting because of their characteristics of high efficiency，low toxicity and low cost. In recent years，plant growth regulators have been widely in all stages of tomato planting；however，some growers use them in an irregular or even abusive way in order to pursue economic benefits，which seriously affects the tomato quality. Therefore，in this article，the applications of plant growth regulators in tomatoes and their underlying mechanisms were comprehensively reviewed. Moreover，it discussed the effects of these regulators on tomato quality under both normal and stress conditions，aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for the scientific and rational application of plant growth regulators.

Key words: plant growth regulators, tomato, yield, quality, environmental stress

FAN Yongsheng, REN Yi, LIU Sichao, FENG Fudong, NIE Lanchun, WANG Xinxin. Application of Plant Growth Regulators in Tomato Production and Their Effects on Fruit Quality[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(1): 313-330.

Figures/Tables 3

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分类 Classification	代表性种类 Representative types	最佳浓度 Optimal concentration	应用时期 Application period	使用方法 Application methods	主要用途 Main application	参考文献 References
生长促进剂 Growth promoter	氯吡脲 Forchlorfenuron，KT-30	0.015 mg · L^-1	幼苗期 Seedling stage	冲施 Fertigation	促进番茄的生长和干物质的积累 Promote the growth of tomatoes and the accumulation of dry matter	任士伟等,2024
	复硝酚钠 Sodium nitrophenolate	1.8%复硝酚钠水剂稀释2 000 ~ 2 400倍	花蕾期、幼果期 Flower bud stage，young fruit stage	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	保花保果，提高产量35.1% ~ 37.1% Protect the flowers and fruits，increasing the yield by 35.1% to 37.1%	薛珠政等,2015
	萘乙酸Naphthalene acetic Acid，NAA	10 ~ 25 mg · kg^-1	初花期 Early flowering period	喷施 Spray application	促进果实成熟，平均坐果率11.5% ~ 42.3%，平均单果质量增加3% ~ 9.7%，增产率5.3% ~ 13.9% Promote fruit maturation，with an average fruit setting rate of 11.5% to 42.3%，an average single fruit weight increase of 3% to 9.7%，and a yield increase of 5.3% to 13.9%	夏春宝等,2018
	赤霉素Gibberellic acid，GA	100 µmol · L^-1	种子 Seed	浸种 Soaking seeds	促进种子萌发，幼苗发育 Promote seed germination and seedling development	戴陶宇等,2022
	6-苄氨基嘌呤6-Benzylamino- purine，6-BA	600 mg · L^-1	生长期Growing period	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	促进番茄幼苗发育，增加侧枝数量 Promote the development of tomato seedlings and increase the number of side branches	Ahmad et al.,2024
生长促进剂 Growth promoter	油菜素内酯Brassinolide，BR	0.01 µmol · L^-1	种子期 Seed stage	浸种 Soaking seeds	提高盐胁迫下种子萌发 Enhancing seed germination under salt stress	杨文文等,2022
	独脚金内酯Strigolactone，SL	-	幼苗期 Seedling stage	喷施 Spray application	抑制顶端优势，调控侧枝生长 Inhibit apical dominance and regulate lateral branch growth	孙倩,2020
	2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸2,4-D	20 mg · kg^-1	花期 Flowering period	蘸施 Dipping application	促进番茄生长、坐果率提升40% Promote tomato growth and increase the fruit setting rate by 40%	马建华,2010
	乙烯利Ethephon，CEPA	40%乙烯利水剂稀释800 ~ 900倍液	幼果期 Young fruit stage	喷施 Spray application	加速成熟，提高产量16.5% ~ 17.1% Accelerate ripening and increase yield by 16.5% to 17.1%	李维根和明旸,2018
	水杨酸Salicylic acid，SA	不超过0.58 mmol · L^-1	幼苗期 Seedling stage	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	促进番茄幼苗生长发育，根系干质量增加1.3%、根冠比增加1.9% Promote the growth and development of tomato seedlings，with an increase of 1.3% in root dry weight and 1.9% in root-to-shoot ratio	罗静静等,2021
	胺鲜酯Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate，DA-6	13.3 mg · kg^-1	苗期、花蕾期 Seedling stage，bud stage	喷施 Spray application	增加产量8.8%，平均果实直径增加1.6%，平均单果质量增加7.6% Increase in production by 8.8%，average fruit diameter increased by 1.6%，average single fruit weight increased by 7.6%	刘忠德,2007
	噻苯隆Thidiazuron，TDZ	2 mg · L^-1	花期 Flowering period	喷施 Spray application	提升产量25%，同时显著提高可溶性糖、维生素C、番茄红素含量。TDZ残留量很低 Increase production by 25%，while significantly raising the levels of soluble sugar，vitamin C，and lycopene. The residue of TDZ is very low	兰珊珊等,2019
生长延缓剂 Growth retardant	矮壮素Chlormequat chloride，CCC	300 mg · L^-1	苗期 Seedling stage	喷施 Spray application	抑制节间生长，降低株高，增强光合作用，提升可溶性固形物22.5%，有利于干物质积累 Suppressing internode growth，reducing plant height，enhancing photosynthesis，increasing soluble solid content by 22.5%，and promoting dry matter accumulation	马亚男等,2023
生长延缓剂 Growth retardant	多效唑Paclobutrazol，PP₃₃₃	200 mg · L^-1	种子 Seed	浸种 Soaking seeds	抑制营养生长、促进花芽分化，提高光合速率，增强抗逆性 Inhibit vegetative growth，promote flower bud differentiation，increase photosynthetic rate，and enhance stress resistance	李华锋等,2023
生长抑制剂 Growth inhibitor	脱落酸Abscisic acid，ABA	100 µmol · L^-1	幼果期 Young fruit stage	喷施 Spray application	增加果实质量，抑制果实纵向生长，促进还原糖积累，抑制类胡萝卜素积累 Increase fruit quality，inhibit longitudinal growth of fruit，promote the accumulation of reducing sugars，and inhibit the accumulation of carotenoids	刘浩然和汪俏梅,2020
生长抑制剂 Growth inhibitor	马来酰肼Maleic hydrazide，MH	3 000 mg · L^-1	幼苗期 Seedling stage	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	抑制番茄顶芽和侧芽生长 Inhibit the growth of tomato apical and lateral buds	李扬丹,2018
其他 Others	褪黑素 Melatonin，MT	100 ~ 200 µmol · L^-1	果实膨大期 Fruit enlargement stage	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	提升可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质等的含量，降低可滴定酸、维生素C、氨基酸的水平 Increase the content of soluble sugars，soluble proteins，etc.，while reducing the levels of titratable acidity，vitamin C，and amino acids	赵海亮等,2021
其他 Others	茉莉酸甲酯 Methyl jasmonate，MeJA	100 µmol · L^-1	果实绿熟期 Fruit ripening period	喷施 Spray application	改善果实醛类、醇类、酮类、酯类、烃类等挥发性风味品质 Improve the volatile flavor quality of aldehydes，alcohols，ketones，esters，hydrocarbons，etc	马海云等,2024

分类 Classification	代表性种类 Representative types	最佳浓度 Optimal concentration	应用时期 Application period	使用方法 Application methods	主要用途 Main application	参考文献 References
生长促进剂 Growth promoter	氯吡脲 Forchlorfenuron，KT-30	0.015 mg · L^-1	幼苗期 Seedling stage	冲施 Fertigation	促进番茄的生长和干物质的积累 Promote the growth of tomatoes and the accumulation of dry matter	任士伟等,2024
	复硝酚钠 Sodium nitrophenolate	1.8%复硝酚钠水剂稀释2 000 ~ 2 400倍	花蕾期、幼果期 Flower bud stage，young fruit stage	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	保花保果，提高产量35.1% ~ 37.1% Protect the flowers and fruits，increasing the yield by 35.1% to 37.1%	薛珠政等,2015
	萘乙酸Naphthalene acetic Acid，NAA	10 ~ 25 mg · kg^-1	初花期 Early flowering period	喷施 Spray application	促进果实成熟，平均坐果率11.5% ~ 42.3%，平均单果质量增加3% ~ 9.7%，增产率5.3% ~ 13.9% Promote fruit maturation，with an average fruit setting rate of 11.5% to 42.3%，an average single fruit weight increase of 3% to 9.7%，and a yield increase of 5.3% to 13.9%	夏春宝等,2018
	赤霉素Gibberellic acid，GA	100 µmol · L^-1	种子 Seed	浸种 Soaking seeds	促进种子萌发，幼苗发育 Promote seed germination and seedling development	戴陶宇等,2022
	6-苄氨基嘌呤6-Benzylamino- purine，6-BA	600 mg · L^-1	生长期Growing period	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	促进番茄幼苗发育，增加侧枝数量 Promote the development of tomato seedlings and increase the number of side branches	Ahmad et al.,2024
生长促进剂 Growth promoter	油菜素内酯Brassinolide，BR	0.01 µmol · L^-1	种子期 Seed stage	浸种 Soaking seeds	提高盐胁迫下种子萌发 Enhancing seed germination under salt stress	杨文文等,2022
	独脚金内酯Strigolactone，SL	-	幼苗期 Seedling stage	喷施 Spray application	抑制顶端优势，调控侧枝生长 Inhibit apical dominance and regulate lateral branch growth	孙倩,2020
	2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸2,4-D	20 mg · kg^-1	花期 Flowering period	蘸施 Dipping application	促进番茄生长、坐果率提升40% Promote tomato growth and increase the fruit setting rate by 40%	马建华,2010
	乙烯利Ethephon，CEPA	40%乙烯利水剂稀释800 ~ 900倍液	幼果期 Young fruit stage	喷施 Spray application	加速成熟，提高产量16.5% ~ 17.1% Accelerate ripening and increase yield by 16.5% to 17.1%	李维根和明旸,2018
	水杨酸Salicylic acid，SA	不超过0.58 mmol · L^-1	幼苗期 Seedling stage	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	促进番茄幼苗生长发育，根系干质量增加1.3%、根冠比增加1.9% Promote the growth and development of tomato seedlings，with an increase of 1.3% in root dry weight and 1.9% in root-to-shoot ratio	罗静静等,2021
	胺鲜酯Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate，DA-6	13.3 mg · kg^-1	苗期、花蕾期 Seedling stage，bud stage	喷施 Spray application	增加产量8.8%，平均果实直径增加1.6%，平均单果质量增加7.6% Increase in production by 8.8%，average fruit diameter increased by 1.6%，average single fruit weight increased by 7.6%	刘忠德,2007
	噻苯隆Thidiazuron，TDZ	2 mg · L^-1	花期 Flowering period	喷施 Spray application	提升产量25%，同时显著提高可溶性糖、维生素C、番茄红素含量。TDZ残留量很低 Increase production by 25%，while significantly raising the levels of soluble sugar，vitamin C，and lycopene. The residue of TDZ is very low	兰珊珊等,2019
生长延缓剂 Growth retardant	矮壮素Chlormequat chloride，CCC	300 mg · L^-1	苗期 Seedling stage	喷施 Spray application	抑制节间生长，降低株高，增强光合作用，提升可溶性固形物22.5%，有利于干物质积累 Suppressing internode growth，reducing plant height，enhancing photosynthesis，increasing soluble solid content by 22.5%，and promoting dry matter accumulation	马亚男等,2023
生长延缓剂 Growth retardant	多效唑Paclobutrazol，PP₃₃₃	200 mg · L^-1	种子 Seed	浸种 Soaking seeds	抑制营养生长、促进花芽分化，提高光合速率，增强抗逆性 Inhibit vegetative growth，promote flower bud differentiation，increase photosynthetic rate，and enhance stress resistance	李华锋等,2023
生长抑制剂 Growth inhibitor	脱落酸Abscisic acid，ABA	100 µmol · L^-1	幼果期 Young fruit stage	喷施 Spray application	增加果实质量，抑制果实纵向生长，促进还原糖积累，抑制类胡萝卜素积累 Increase fruit quality，inhibit longitudinal growth of fruit，promote the accumulation of reducing sugars，and inhibit the accumulation of carotenoids	刘浩然和汪俏梅,2020
生长抑制剂 Growth inhibitor	马来酰肼Maleic hydrazide，MH	3 000 mg · L^-1	幼苗期 Seedling stage	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	抑制番茄顶芽和侧芽生长 Inhibit the growth of tomato apical and lateral buds	李扬丹,2018
其他 Others	褪黑素 Melatonin，MT	100 ~ 200 µmol · L^-1	果实膨大期 Fruit enlargement stage	叶面喷施 Leaf spray application	提升可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质等的含量，降低可滴定酸、维生素C、氨基酸的水平 Increase the content of soluble sugars，soluble proteins，etc.，while reducing the levels of titratable acidity，vitamin C，and amino acids	赵海亮等,2021
其他 Others	茉莉酸甲酯 Methyl jasmonate，MeJA	100 µmol · L^-1	果实绿熟期 Fruit ripening period	喷施 Spray application	改善果实醛类、醇类、酮类、酯类、烃类等挥发性风味品质 Improve the volatile flavor quality of aldehydes，alcohols，ketones，esters，hydrocarbons，etc	马海云等,2024

植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator	重金属 Heavy metal	效果 Effect	参考文献 Reference
褪黑素Melatonin （MT）	镍Ni	MT可恢复生长属性、提高光合效率、增强矿物稳态、减少氧化损伤，有效缓解镍诱导的植物毒性。在番茄幼苗中，其能提升次生代谢物含量，后者参与重金属螯合、抑制ROS形成，减轻镍对生长的抑制，提高幼苗耐受性 MT can restore growth attributes，improve photosynthetic efficiency，enhance mineral homeostasis，and reduce oxidative damage，effectively alleviating nickel-induced plant toxicity. In tomato seedlings，it can increase the content of secondary metabolites，which are involved in heavy metal chelation， inhibit the formation of ROS，mitigate nickel's inhibitory effects on growth，and improve seedling resilience	Jahan et al.,2020
	铬Cr	Cr胁迫下，番茄植株形态、生理与生化特性下降，光合色素显著减少，活性氧（ROS）积累 Under Cr stress，the morphological physiological，and biochemical characteristics of tomato plants decline，chlorophyll pigments significantly reduce，and reactive oxygen species（ROS）accumulate	Raja et al.,2023
	铝Al	铝胁迫致使番茄生理代谢改变，体内铝大量积累，生长发育受限，各器官DNA不同程度受损。外施150 μmol · L^-1MT，能提升番茄抗氧化酶活性、光合能力和根系活力，缓解根茎叶DNA损伤，降低体内铝含量，激活生理响应以抵御铝胁迫 Aluminum stress causes physiological and metabolic changes in tomatoes，leading to a significant accumulation of aluminum in the body，restricted growth and development， and varying degrees of DNA damage in different organs. Externally applying 150 μmol · L^-1 MT can enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity，photosynthetic capacity，and root vitality of tomatoes，alleviate DNA damage in roots，stems，and leaves，reduce aluminum levels in the body，and activate physiological responses to withstand aluminum stress.	张建新等,2023
MT + MeJA	铬Cr	MeJA启动与MT应用显著缓解Cr对番茄的不良影响。氧化应激参数显著降低，有效减轻氧化损伤。MeJA和MT处理使氮代谢、抗氧化系统功能增强，次级化合物积累增加，或有助于减轻Cr诱导的氧化损伤，显示二者对Cr胁迫下番茄生长的有益交互作用 MeJA activation and MT application significantly alleviate the adverse effects of Cr on tomatoes. Oxidative stress parameters are significantly reduced，effectively mitigating oxidative damage. Treatment with MeJA and MT enhances nitrogen metabolism and the functionality of the antioxidant system，increases the accumulation of secondary compounds，and may help reduce Cr-induced oxidative damage，demonstrating a beneficial interaction of both on tomato growth under Cr stress.	Qin et al.,2024
MT + S	镧La	MT和S具有很强的调节作用和协同作用，通过增加光合作用和生长，减轻La毒性的不利影响 MT and S have a strong regulatory and synergistic effect， alleviating the adverse effects of La toxicity by enhancing photosynthesis and growth.	Siddiqui et al.,2019
MT + NO	铝Al	MT增强了受Al污染的番茄根部抗氧化酶活性，通过降低内部ROS水平，保护细胞膜和光合色素免受Al毒性影响。MT处理提高了Al污染下植物叶片和根系中植物螯合素、谷胱甘肽和NO含量，巯基化合物与NO增加，借助促进Al在根中的固定机制，减少Al向叶片转运 MT enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes in tomato roots contaminated with Al by reducing internal ROS levels，protecting the cell membranes and photosynthetic pigments from Al toxicity. MT treatment increased the levels of plant chelators， glutathione， and NO in the leaves and roots of plants under Al pollution， with an increase in thiol compounds and NO， helping to reduce the transport of Al to the leaves through the mechanism of promoting the fixation of Al in the roots.	Ghorbani et al.,2023b
MT + NO	镉Cd	外源MT或NO促进了Cd胁迫下幼苗的生长，以100 μmol · L^-1MT或NO的生物学效应最大。MT介导的NO通过调节抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（AsA-GSH）循环和活性氧代谢来增强Cd耐受性 Exogenous MT or NO promoted the growth of seedlings under Cd stress，with the biological effects being maximized at 100 μmol · L^-1 MT or NO. MT-mediated NO enhances Cd tolerance by regulating the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle and reactive oxygen species metabolism	Xu et al.,2023
水杨酸 Salicylic acid	镉Cd	低浓度Cd（1 mg · L^-1）胁迫对番茄生长抑制不明显，高浓度Cd（5 mg · L^-1）则显著抑制。100 μmol · L^-1 SA可显著缓解高浓度Cd对番茄的毒害，提升幼苗生物量。Cd胁迫诱导番茄根系活性氧积累，且随浓度升高而增加；SA预处理同样诱导根系活性氧积累，增强番茄对氧化胁迫的抗性。	王小红等,2019
水杨酸 Salicylic acid	镉Cd	Low concentration Cd（1 mg · L^-1）stress has little effect on the growth of tomatoes，while high concentration Cd（5 mg · L^-1）significantly inhibits growth. 100 μmol · L^-1 SA can significantly alleviate the toxicity of high concentration Cd to tomatoes and increase seedling biomass. Cd stress induces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species（ROS）in tomato roots，and this accumulation increases with higher concentrations；SA pretreatment also induces the accumulation of ROS in the roots，enhancing the tomato's resistance to oxidative stress.
尤卡辛 Yucasin	铝Al	可以缓解铝胁迫导致的根生长抑制 Can alleviate root growth inhibition caused by aluminum stress	蔡家辉等,2024
尤卡辛 Yucasin	镉Cd	Cd干扰番茄根系生长素稳态、引发ROS积累与细胞死亡，抑制根系生长。Yucasin降低根系对镉的吸收与积累，减少ROS积累和细胞死亡，减轻番茄幼苗毒性，还缓解了Cd胁迫导致的光合色素含量下降。因此，Yucasin有望增强植物对镉污染土壤的适应性，减少作物中Cd²⁺积累，保障农业生产和粮食安全 Cd interferes with the homeostasis of growth regulators in tomato roots，triggering ROS accumulation and cell death，thereby inhibiting root growth. Yucasin reduces the absorption and accumulation of cadmium in the roots，decreases ROS accumulation and cell death，alleviates the toxicity in tomato seedlings，and also mitigates the decline in photosynthetic pigment content caused by Cd stress. Therefore，Yucasin is expected to enhance the adaptability of plants to Cd-contaminated soil，reduce Cd accumulation in crops，and ensure agricultural production and food security.	Liu et al.,2024
茉莉酸甲酯 Methyl jasmonate	镉Cd	MeJA的应用导致了Cd的吸收和氧化生物标志物的含量显着下降，抗氧化酶活性，叶片气体交换参数，光合性能和幼苗生长参数的上调 The application of MeJA led to a significant decrease in the absorption of Cd and the content of oxidative biomarkers，while upregulating antioxidant enzyme activity，leaf gas exchange parameters，photosynthetic performance，and seedling growth parameters.	Singh et al.,2024
BR + MT	镉Cd	BR和MT对番茄植株的Cd耐受性有组织特异性调节作用，且BR + Mel组合处理能有效减少Cd积累，减轻其对植物生长的负面影响 BR and MT have tissue-specific regulatory effects on the Cd tolerance of tomato plants， and the combined treatment of BR and Mel can effectively reduce Cd accumulation and mitigate its negative impact on plant growth	Huang et al.,2024

植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator	重金属 Heavy metal	效果 Effect	参考文献 Reference
褪黑素Melatonin （MT）	镍Ni	MT可恢复生长属性、提高光合效率、增强矿物稳态、减少氧化损伤，有效缓解镍诱导的植物毒性。在番茄幼苗中，其能提升次生代谢物含量，后者参与重金属螯合、抑制ROS形成，减轻镍对生长的抑制，提高幼苗耐受性 MT can restore growth attributes，improve photosynthetic efficiency，enhance mineral homeostasis，and reduce oxidative damage，effectively alleviating nickel-induced plant toxicity. In tomato seedlings，it can increase the content of secondary metabolites，which are involved in heavy metal chelation， inhibit the formation of ROS，mitigate nickel's inhibitory effects on growth，and improve seedling resilience	Jahan et al.,2020
	铬Cr	Cr胁迫下，番茄植株形态、生理与生化特性下降，光合色素显著减少，活性氧（ROS）积累 Under Cr stress，the morphological physiological，and biochemical characteristics of tomato plants decline，chlorophyll pigments significantly reduce，and reactive oxygen species（ROS）accumulate	Raja et al.,2023
	铝Al	铝胁迫致使番茄生理代谢改变，体内铝大量积累，生长发育受限，各器官DNA不同程度受损。外施150 μmol · L^-1MT，能提升番茄抗氧化酶活性、光合能力和根系活力，缓解根茎叶DNA损伤，降低体内铝含量，激活生理响应以抵御铝胁迫 Aluminum stress causes physiological and metabolic changes in tomatoes，leading to a significant accumulation of aluminum in the body，restricted growth and development， and varying degrees of DNA damage in different organs. Externally applying 150 μmol · L^-1 MT can enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity，photosynthetic capacity，and root vitality of tomatoes，alleviate DNA damage in roots，stems，and leaves，reduce aluminum levels in the body，and activate physiological responses to withstand aluminum stress.	张建新等,2023
MT + MeJA	铬Cr	MeJA启动与MT应用显著缓解Cr对番茄的不良影响。氧化应激参数显著降低，有效减轻氧化损伤。MeJA和MT处理使氮代谢、抗氧化系统功能增强，次级化合物积累增加，或有助于减轻Cr诱导的氧化损伤，显示二者对Cr胁迫下番茄生长的有益交互作用 MeJA activation and MT application significantly alleviate the adverse effects of Cr on tomatoes. Oxidative stress parameters are significantly reduced，effectively mitigating oxidative damage. Treatment with MeJA and MT enhances nitrogen metabolism and the functionality of the antioxidant system，increases the accumulation of secondary compounds，and may help reduce Cr-induced oxidative damage，demonstrating a beneficial interaction of both on tomato growth under Cr stress.	Qin et al.,2024
MT + S	镧La	MT和S具有很强的调节作用和协同作用，通过增加光合作用和生长，减轻La毒性的不利影响 MT and S have a strong regulatory and synergistic effect， alleviating the adverse effects of La toxicity by enhancing photosynthesis and growth.	Siddiqui et al.,2019
MT + NO	铝Al	MT增强了受Al污染的番茄根部抗氧化酶活性，通过降低内部ROS水平，保护细胞膜和光合色素免受Al毒性影响。MT处理提高了Al污染下植物叶片和根系中植物螯合素、谷胱甘肽和NO含量，巯基化合物与NO增加，借助促进Al在根中的固定机制，减少Al向叶片转运 MT enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes in tomato roots contaminated with Al by reducing internal ROS levels，protecting the cell membranes and photosynthetic pigments from Al toxicity. MT treatment increased the levels of plant chelators， glutathione， and NO in the leaves and roots of plants under Al pollution， with an increase in thiol compounds and NO， helping to reduce the transport of Al to the leaves through the mechanism of promoting the fixation of Al in the roots.	Ghorbani et al.,2023b
MT + NO	镉Cd	外源MT或NO促进了Cd胁迫下幼苗的生长，以100 μmol · L^-1MT或NO的生物学效应最大。MT介导的NO通过调节抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（AsA-GSH）循环和活性氧代谢来增强Cd耐受性 Exogenous MT or NO promoted the growth of seedlings under Cd stress，with the biological effects being maximized at 100 μmol · L^-1 MT or NO. MT-mediated NO enhances Cd tolerance by regulating the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle and reactive oxygen species metabolism	Xu et al.,2023
水杨酸 Salicylic acid	镉Cd	低浓度Cd（1 mg · L^-1）胁迫对番茄生长抑制不明显，高浓度Cd（5 mg · L^-1）则显著抑制。100 μmol · L^-1 SA可显著缓解高浓度Cd对番茄的毒害，提升幼苗生物量。Cd胁迫诱导番茄根系活性氧积累，且随浓度升高而增加；SA预处理同样诱导根系活性氧积累，增强番茄对氧化胁迫的抗性。	王小红等,2019
水杨酸 Salicylic acid	镉Cd	Low concentration Cd（1 mg · L^-1）stress has little effect on the growth of tomatoes，while high concentration Cd（5 mg · L^-1）significantly inhibits growth. 100 μmol · L^-1 SA can significantly alleviate the toxicity of high concentration Cd to tomatoes and increase seedling biomass. Cd stress induces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species（ROS）in tomato roots，and this accumulation increases with higher concentrations；SA pretreatment also induces the accumulation of ROS in the roots，enhancing the tomato's resistance to oxidative stress.
尤卡辛 Yucasin	铝Al	可以缓解铝胁迫导致的根生长抑制 Can alleviate root growth inhibition caused by aluminum stress	蔡家辉等,2024
尤卡辛 Yucasin	镉Cd	Cd干扰番茄根系生长素稳态、引发ROS积累与细胞死亡，抑制根系生长。Yucasin降低根系对镉的吸收与积累，减少ROS积累和细胞死亡，减轻番茄幼苗毒性，还缓解了Cd胁迫导致的光合色素含量下降。因此，Yucasin有望增强植物对镉污染土壤的适应性，减少作物中Cd²⁺积累，保障农业生产和粮食安全 Cd interferes with the homeostasis of growth regulators in tomato roots，triggering ROS accumulation and cell death，thereby inhibiting root growth. Yucasin reduces the absorption and accumulation of cadmium in the roots，decreases ROS accumulation and cell death，alleviates the toxicity in tomato seedlings，and also mitigates the decline in photosynthetic pigment content caused by Cd stress. Therefore，Yucasin is expected to enhance the adaptability of plants to Cd-contaminated soil，reduce Cd accumulation in crops，and ensure agricultural production and food security.	Liu et al.,2024
茉莉酸甲酯 Methyl jasmonate	镉Cd	MeJA的应用导致了Cd的吸收和氧化生物标志物的含量显着下降，抗氧化酶活性，叶片气体交换参数，光合性能和幼苗生长参数的上调 The application of MeJA led to a significant decrease in the absorption of Cd and the content of oxidative biomarkers，while upregulating antioxidant enzyme activity，leaf gas exchange parameters，photosynthetic performance，and seedling growth parameters.	Singh et al.,2024
BR + MT	镉Cd	BR和MT对番茄植株的Cd耐受性有组织特异性调节作用，且BR + Mel组合处理能有效减少Cd积累，减轻其对植物生长的负面影响 BR and MT have tissue-specific regulatory effects on the Cd tolerance of tomato plants， and the combined treatment of BR and Mel can effectively reduce Cd accumulation and mitigate its negative impact on plant growth	Huang et al.,2024

Application of Plant Growth Regulators in Tomato Production and Their Effects on Fruit Quality

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