Preparation of Protocatechuic Aldehyde Zinc Oxide Chitosan Hybrid Coating and Its Preservation Effect on Flat-Nectarine

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0887

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 2959-2968.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0887

• Cultivation · Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Preparation of Protocatechuic Aldehyde Zinc Oxide Chitosan Hybrid Coating and Its Preservation Effect on Flat-Nectarine

LI Na¹, CAO Jinfeng³^,^*(), ZHAI Meizhu²^,^*(), LI Ying⁴, JIN Shujian⁵, and LI Yue⁶

¹ Yuanshi Xuanxin Agricultural Ecological Park Co, Ltd， Shijiazhuang 050061， China
² Hebei University of Engineering and Technology， Shijiazhuang 050061， China
³ Beijing Forestry University， Beijing 100083， China
⁴ Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences， Shijiazhuang 050061， China
⁵ Kangbao County Natural Resources and Planning Bureau， Zhangjiakou， Hebei 076650， China
⁶ The Science and Technology Innovation Service Center of Hebei Province， Shijiazhuang 050061， China

Received:2025-07-23 Revised:2025-09-25 Online:2025-11-26 Published:2025-11-26
Contact: CAO Jinfeng, ZHAI Meizhu

Abstract

Abstract:

Using chitosan（CS）as the film-forming matrix，a hybrid coating composed of protocatechualdehyde（PCA）as a cross-linking agent and inorganic filler nano-zinc oxide（ZnO）was prepared with varying compositions for the preservation of flat-nectarines. The mechanical properties，gas barrier capacity，antioxidant and antibacterial performance of the hybrid coating，as well as the weight loss rate，hardness，soluble solids，titratable acid，and malondialdehyde content of the stored flat-nectarines，were tested. The results showed that as the PCA content increased，the cross-linking degree improved，leading to enhanced internal density，significantly better mechanical properties，and improved gas barrier capacity. The addition of protocatechualdehyde and zinc oxide also significantly enhanced the antibacterial and antioxidant performance of the coating. The protocatechualdehyde-zinc oxide-chitosan hybrid coating effectively delayed postharvest decay and maintained fruit quality，reducing the fruit decay rate by 70% after 12 days of storage. The hardness reached 3.8 kg · cm^-2，while the soluble solids and titratable acid consumption increased by 68% and 136% respectively compared to untreated fruits，and the malondialdehyde content decreased by 41%.

Key words: flat-nectarine, postharvest, chitosan, protocatechuic aldehyde, zinc oxide, preservation coating agent, quality

LI Na, CAO Jinfeng, ZHAI Meizhu, LI Ying, JIN Shujian, and LI Yue. Preparation of Protocatechuic Aldehyde Zinc Oxide Chitosan Hybrid Coating and Its Preservation Effect on Flat-Nectarine[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(11): 2959-2968.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Content parameters of each component of the coating film

涂膜名称 Coating name	壳聚糖/% Chitosan（CS）	纳米氧化锌/% ZnO	原儿茶醛/% Protocatechualdehyde（PCA）
对照Control	0	0	0
CS	3.0	—	—
CS-ZnO	3.0	0.2	—
CS-PCA-ZnO-1	3.0	0.2	0.05
CS-PCA-ZnO-2	3.0	0.4	0.10
CS-PCA-ZnO-3	3.0	0.6	0.15

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hybrid coating of protocatechuic aldehyde zinc oxide chitosan（A）and microstructure of different coatings（B）

Fig. 2 Mechanical property（A）and gas barrier capacity（B） of coating materials Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments（P < 0.05）. The same below.

Fig. 3 Antibacterial properties（A）and ntioxidant activity（B）of the coating materials

Fig. 4 The effect of different coating treatments on the weight loss rate（A）and decay rate（B）of flat-nectarine fruit

Fig. 5 The effect of different coating treatments on the hardness（A）and the content of soluble solids（B）of flat-nectarine fruit

Fig. 6 The effect of different coating treatments on the titratable acid（A）and malondialdehyde（B）content of flat-nectarine fruit

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Preparation of Protocatechuic Aldehyde Zinc Oxide Chitosan Hybrid Coating and Its Preservation Effect on Flat-Nectarine

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