马铃薯‘青薯168’块茎浅层和深层损伤愈伤能力的比较

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0602

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以‘青薯168’为试材，用不锈钢刀片在块茎中部表面切出2 cm见方，0.3 ~ 0.5 mm深（浅层损伤）和3.0 ~ 3.2 mm深（深层损伤）的伤口，之后置于常温（20 ~ 25 ℃，相对湿度70% ~ 80%）黑暗条件下进行愈伤，通过评价质量损失率和发病率、木质素与聚酯软木脂（SPA）积累的变化、苯丙烷代谢途径关键酶活性及产物的积累量，分析浅层和深层损伤对块茎愈伤效果的影响。结果表明，浅层和深层损伤对块茎愈伤期间的质量损失率无显著影响，但浅层损伤块茎的发病率显著低于深层损伤，愈伤14 d时仅为深层损伤的一半。愈伤期间浅层损伤块茎的木质素与SPA沉积速率明显大于深层损伤。愈伤14 d时，浅层损伤的木质化细胞层厚度高出深层损伤107.5%。浅层损伤块茎在愈伤期间表现出较高的苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性，5 h时高出深层损伤34.3%。愈伤前7 d内的木质素和总酚含量也高于深层损伤，愈伤5 d时，分别高出深层损伤24.8%和12.1%。虽然浅层损伤在愈伤初期的类黄酮含量显著高于深层损伤，但在中后期两者之间无显著差异。相关性分析结果表明，愈伤块茎的发病率与木质化细胞层厚度及木质素的积累呈显著负相关，而PAL活性与木质化细胞层厚度、总酚和类黄酮含量呈显著正相关。浅层损伤比深层损伤块茎具备更好的愈伤能力及更高的苯丙烷代谢活性。

关键词: 马铃薯, 块茎, 损伤, 愈伤, 苯丙烷代谢

Abstract: In order to investigate the influence and difference of shallow and deep wounds on healing ability of potato tubers，the cultivar‘Qingshu 168’was used as material in this study. The epidermal tissues were removed from the tubers with stainless steel blade，with a square of 2 cm，0.3–0.5 mm depth（shallow wounded）and 3.0–3.2 mm depth（deep wounded）. The wounded tubers were healed at ambient temperature（20–25 ℃，relative humidity 70%–80%）in darkness. The influence of shallow and deep wounds on healing effects were compared by weight loss rate and incidence，the changes of the lignin and suberin poly aliphatic（SPA）deposition，the activity of key enzyme and the contents of metabolites of phenylpropanoid pathway. The results showed that no significant difference was observed in weight loss rate between shallow and deep wounded tubers，however，the incidence of shallow wounded tubers was significantly（P < 0.05）lower than the deep wounded，with only a half of the deep-wounded after 14 days of healing. The shallow wounded tubers accumulated more lignin and suberin than the deep wounded during healing. The thickness of lignified cell layers of shallow wounded tubers were 107.5% higher than that of the deep wounded after 14 days of healing. Moreover，a higher phenylalnine ammonialyase（PAL）activity was observed in the shallow wounded tubers during healing，with 34.3% higher than that in the deep wounded after 5 h of healing. Meanwhile，the shallow wounded tubers deposited more lignin and total phenolic during the first 7 days of healing，the content of lignin and total phenolic were 24.8% and 12.1% higher than that in the deep wounded after 5 days of healing. Although a significant difference was observed in flavonoids content between shallow and deep wounded tubers at early stage of healing，there was no obvious difference at mid and late stage of healing. The correlation analysis demonstrated that the incidence of tubers negatively correlated with the thickness of lignified cell layers and lignin content. PAL activity positively correlated with the thickness of lignified cell layers，total phenolic and flavonoids. It is suggested that the shallow wounded tubers possess better healing ability and more phenylpropanoid metabolic activities.

Key words: potato, tuber, wound, wound healing, phenylpropanoid metabolism

中图分类号:

S 632

姜红1,2,*，王毅2,*，王斌2，张静荣2，郑晓渊2，毕阳2,**. 马铃薯‘青薯168’块茎浅层和深层损伤愈伤能力的比较[J]. 园艺学报, 2018, 45(5): 908-918.

JIANG Hong1,2,*，WANG Yi2,*，WANG Bin2，ZHANG Jingrong2，ZHENG Xiaoyuan2，and BI Yang2,**. A Comparison Study of Healing Ability of Shallow and Deep Wounds in Potato Tubers‘Qingshu 168’[J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2018, 45(5): 908-918.

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