豇豆的抗蚜性鉴定及抗蚜防御机制初探

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0627

园艺学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (7): 1926-1934.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0627

豇豆的抗蚜性鉴定及抗蚜防御机制初探

陈奕婷¹^,², 梁晓³^,⁴, 刘迎³^,⁴, 伍春玲³^,⁴, 娄永根¹^,², 陈青³^,⁴^,^*()

¹ 浙江大学昆虫科学研究所，杭州 310058
² 浙江大学海南研究院，海南三亚 572025
³ 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所，农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/海南省热带作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心，海口 571101
⁴ 中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院，海南省南繁生物安全与分子育种重点实验室，海南三亚 572000

收稿日期:2025-01-21 修回日期:2025-04-16 出版日期:2025-07-23 发布日期:2025-07-23
通讯作者:
*E-mail：chqingztq@163.com
基金资助:
三亚市科技创新专项(2022KJCX19); 海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ202107-1); 海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2023XDNY048)

Resistance Identification of Cowpea and Preliminary Study on Defense Mechanism Against Aphid

CHEN Yiting¹^,², LIANG Xiao³^,⁴, LIU Ying³^,⁴, WU Chunling³^,⁴, LOU Yonggen¹^,², and CHEN Qing³^,⁴^,^*()

¹ Institute of Insect Sciences，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058，China
² Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University，Sanya，Hainan 572025，China
³ Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Control of Tropical Crops Diseases and Insect Pests，Environment and Plant Protection Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences，Haikou 571101，China
⁴ Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions，Sanya Research Academy of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science，Sanya，Hainan 572000，China

Received:2025-01-21 Revised:2025-04-16 Published:2025-07-23 Online:2025-07-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为鉴定和选育抗蚜豇豆品种，并阐明其抗性机制，采用虫害指数法对实验室保存的5个豇豆品种进行了室内抗蚜性鉴定。结果表明，‘特选张唐王’和‘辽宁营口长豇豆’为抗性品种，‘大白皮’为中抗品种，‘咫尺豇豆’和‘粉红豆角’为高感品种。以抗蚜品种特选张唐王和高感蚜品种咫尺豇豆为参试材料，通过比较豇豆蚜在两个不同品种豇豆上的发育繁殖指标及种群生命表参数发现，抗蚜品种特选张唐王能够显著抑制豇豆蚜的生长发育及种群增长。酶联免疫分析比较了抗、感蚜品种被豇豆蚜取食前后苯丙烷途径相关次生物质和合成酶的影响差异，结果表明，抗蚜豇豆总黄酮和木质素含量以及PAL、C4H的酶活性在接蚜后均显著高于感蚜豇豆品种。本研究中从寄主—害虫互作的角度初步阐明了抗蚜豇豆品种通过激活苯丙烷代谢途径，降低了豇豆蚜种群适合度的抗蚜防御反应机制。

关键词: 豇豆, 豇豆蚜, 抗性, 鉴定, 机制

Abstract:

This study aims to evaluate and selecte the aphid-resistant cowpea cultivars and elucidates the resistance mechanism. Five cowpea cultivars that preserved in the lab were subjected to greenhouse identification by using aphid damage index method. The results showed that‘Texuan Zhangtangwang’and‘Yingkou Cowpea’were identified as resistant cultivars，and‘Dabaipi’was identified as moderate resistant cultivars，in addition，‘Zhichi Cowpea’and‘Pink Cowpea’was identified as highly susceptible cultivars. Furthermore，while selecting Texuan Zhangtangwang（R）and Zhichi Cowpea（S）as the tested materials，by comparing the development and reproduction indicators of Aphis craccivora on two different cultivars of cowpeas and the parameters of their population life tables，it was found that the aphid-resistant cultivars‘Texuan Zhangtangwang’could significantly inhibit the growth and population growth of the A.craccivora. Enzyme-linked immunoassay（ELISA）was used to compare the influence on the contents of phenylpropane-related secondary substances and activities of synthetases on resistant and susceptible cowpea cultivars while being infested by A. craccivora. The results showed that the contents of total flavone and lignin and the enzyme activities of PAL and C4H in aphid-resistant cultivar were significantly higher than those in aphid-sensitive cultivar. From the perspective of host-pest interaction，this study elucidates the mechanism of anti-aphid defense reaction of aphid-resistant cultivars by activating phenylpropane metabolic pathway，thereby reducing the fitness of A. craccivora population.

Key words: Vigna unguiculata, Aphis craccivora, resistance, identification, mechanism

陈奕婷, 梁晓, 刘迎, 伍春玲, 娄永根, 陈青. 豇豆的抗蚜性鉴定及抗蚜防御机制初探[J]. 园艺学报, 2025, 52(7): 1926-1934.

CHEN Yiting, LIANG Xiao, LIU Ying, WU Chunling, LOU Yonggen, and CHEN Qing. Resistance Identification of Cowpea and Preliminary Study on Defense Mechanism Against Aphid[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(7): 1926-1934.

图/表 4

图1 豇豆蚜取食抗、感豇豆品种的发育历期数据为平均数 ± 标准误，“*”，“**”分别表示显著（α = 0.05）、极显著（α = 0.01）差异。下同

Fig. 1 The developmental durations of Aphis craccivora feeding on aphid-resistant and aphid-susceptible cowpea cultivars Data indicate mean value ± SE；“*”and“**”indicate significant difference（α = 0.05），extremely significant difference（α = 0.01）respectively. The same below

表1 豇豆蚜取食后抗、感豇豆品种的生命表参数

Table 1 Life table parameters of Aphis craccivora after feeding on aphid-resistant and aphid-susceptible cowpea cultivars

豇豆品种 Cowpea culvtiar	净增值率R₀ Net reproduction rate	平均世代周期T/d Mean generation time	内禀增长率r_m/d^-1 Intrinsic rate of increase	周限增长率λ/d^-1 Finite rate of increase	种群加倍时间Dt/d Population doublingtime
特选张唐王（R） Texuan Zhangtangwang	73.30 ± 0.94	12.06 ± 0.09	0.36 ± 0.003	1.43 ± 0.004	1.95 ± 0.014
咫尺豇豆（S） Zhichi Cowpea	103.27 ± 1.45**	12.41 ± 0.11	0.37 ± 0.003**	1.45 ± 0.004**	1.86 ± 0.015**

图2 豇豆蚜取食后抗、感豇豆品种总黄酮和木质素含量的变化

Fig. 2 Changes of total flavonoid and lignin content in aphid-resistant and aphid-susceptible cowpea cultivars fed by Aphis craccivora

图3 豇豆蚜取食后抗、感豇豆品种苯丙烷关键合成酶活性的变化

Fig. 3 Changes of phenylpropane key enzyme activity in aphid-resistant and aphid-susceptible cowpea cultivars fed by Aphis craccivora

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豇豆的抗蚜性鉴定及抗蚜防御机制初探

Resistance Identification of Cowpea and Preliminary Study on Defense Mechanism Against Aphid

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豇豆的抗蚜性鉴定及抗蚜防御机制初探

Resistance Identification of Cowpea and Preliminary Study on Defense Mechanism Against Aphid

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