中国芍药品种资源表型性状多样性分析

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0277

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用遗传变异分析、相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析对167个中国芍药（Paeonia lactiflora）品种的48个表型性状进行多样性分析。结果表明，中国芍药品种资源的质量性状和数量性状表型多样性水平均较高，其中数量性状比质量性状更加多样化。复叶类型、花色、雄蕊瓣化瓣形状和颜色、雌蕊柱头颜色、鳞芽分生能力、花枝长度等性状是衡量芍药品种表型多样性水平的重要参考指标。R型聚类分析将数量性状分为4类，主要反映了生长势和叶部性状、花部性状、开花周期性状和物候期性状。Q型聚类分析将芍药品种资源分为3组，第Ⅰ组品种数量占比37.13%，主要表现为物候期晚；第Ⅱ组品种数量占比32.93%，主要表现为生长势强、花径大；第Ⅲ组品种数量占比29.94%，主要表现为鳞芽分生能力强、花数量多。除单朵花期外，其余数量性状在各组品种资源间均存在不同程度的差异。主成分分析可以将表型变异贡献最大的性状概括为物候期因子、叶片因子、花期因子、花朵因子和生长因子。

关键词: 芍药, 表型性状, 多样性分析, 聚类分析, 主成分分析

Abstract:

Genetic variation analysis，correlation analysis，cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze the diversity of 48 phenotypic traits in 167 Chinese herbaceous peony cultivars. The results showed that both qualitative and quantitative traits of Chinese herbaceous peony cultivar resources had high levels of phenotypic diversity，with quantitative traits being more diverse than qualitative traits. Traits such as compound leaf type，flower color，stamen petal shape and color， gynoecium stigma color，scale bud differentiation ability，and flower branch length are important reference indices for measuring the level of phenotypic diversity in herbaceous peony cultivars. R-type cluster analysis classified quantitative traits into 4 categories，mainly reflecting growth potential and leaf traits，floral traits，flowering cycle traits，and phenological period traits. Q-type cluster analysis classified the herbaceous peony cultivar resources into 3 groups，and the number of cultivars in group Ⅰ accounted for 37.13%，which mainly showed late phenological period. The number of cultivars in group Ⅱ accounted for 32.93%，which mainly showed strong growth potential and large flower diameter. The number of cultivars in group Ⅲ accounted for 29.94%，which was mainly characterized by strong scale bud differentiation ability and large number of flowers. All the quantitative traits，except for the single flowering period，differed to varying degrees among the groups of cultivar resources. Principal component analysis allowed the generalization of the traits with the highest contribution to phenotypic variation into phenological period factor，leaf factor，flowering period factor，flower factor，and growth factor.

Key words: herbaceous peony, phenotypic traits, diversity analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis

钱景扬, 卢莉莉, 李芹, 汤寓涵, 陶俊, 赵大球. 中国芍药品种资源表型性状多样性分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2025, 52(2): 349-364.

QIAN Jingyang, LU Lili, LI Qin, TANG Yuhan, TAO Jun, ZHAO Daqiu. Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits for Chinese Herbaceous Peony Cultivar Resources[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(2): 349-364.

图/表 12

参考文献 39

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序号 No.	品种名 Cultivar name	序号 No.	品种名 Cultivar name	序号 No.	品种名 Cultivar name
1	冰青 Bingqing	57	粉池滴翠 Fenchi Dicui	113	红楼飘香 Honglou Piaoxiang
2	桃丽艳 Taoliyan	58	火炼金丹 Huolian Jindan	114	红玛瑙 Hongmanao
3	赵园粉 Zhaoyuanfen	59	兰田飘香 Lantian Piaoxiang	115	兰重楼 Lanchonglou
4	铜雀春 Tongquechun	60	芙蓉绒花 Furong Ronghua	116	江山如画 Jiangshan Ruhua
5	胭脂点玉 Yanzhi Dianyu	61	紫金莲 Zijinlian	117	兰翠球 Lancuiqiu
6	胭脂红 Yanzhihong	62	贵妃插翠 Guifei Chacui	118	墨紫含金 Mozi Hanjin
7	金带围 Jindaiwei	63	紫凤朝阳 Zifeng Chaoyang	119	鸟巢 Niaochao
8	满堂红 Mantanghong	64	杨妃出浴 Yangfei Chuyu	120	兰玉交辉 Lanyu Jiaohui
9	粉刺金鱼 Fenci Jinyu	65	红绣球 Hongxiuqiu	121	金凤羽 Jinfengyu
10	紫檀生烟 Zitan Shengyan	66	富士粉 Fushifen	122	海棠系金 Haitang Xijin
11	晴雯 Qingwen	67	金光闪烁 Jinguang Shanshuo	123	墨楼金辉 Molou Jinhui
12	桃花飞雪 Taohua Feixue	68	红艳遇霜 Hongyan Yushuang	124	红凤羽 Hongfengyu
13	少女装 Shaonüzhuang	69	粉凌红珠 Fenling Hongzhu	125	粉绫红花 Fenling Honghua
14	紫凤羽 Zifengyu	70	雪原红花 Xueyuan Honghua	126	红线绣玉 Hongxian Xiuyu
15	雪山披霞 Xueshan Pixia	71	金边红格 Jinbian Hongge	127	红盘镶翠 Hongpan Xiangcui
16	星光灿烂Xingguang Canlan	72	玫瑰红 Meiguihong	128	兰玉环翠 Lanyu Huancui
17	高杆红 Gaoganhong	73	凤羽落金池 Fengyu Luojinchi	129	锦红缎 Jinhongduan
18	银线绣红袍 Yinxian Xiuhongpao	74	大红袍 Dahongpao	130	奇花落雨 Qihua Luoyu
19	粉盘藏珠 Fenpan Cangzhu	75	粉魁 Fenkui	131	金簪刺红 Jinzan Cihong
20	墨蕴 Moyun	76	莲台 Liantai	132	银边红阁 Yinbian Hongge
21	兰重梦 Lanchongmeng	77	红富士 Hongfushi	133	艳紫向阳 Yanzi Xiangyang
22	奇花露霜 Qihua Lushaung	78	鸡冠紫 Jiguanzi	134	紫檀镶玉 Zitan Xiangyu
23	红艳争辉Hongyan Zhenghui	79	绚丽多彩 Xuanli Duocai	135	紫绫藏金 Ziling Cangjin
24	粉盘红星 Fenpan Hongxing	80	红茶花 Hongchahua	136	紫芙蓉 Zifurong
25	朱砂点玉 Zhusha Dianyu	81	红袍插金 Hongpao Chajin	137	晚妆粉 Wanzhuangfen
26	佛光珠影 Foguang Zhuying	82	铁杆紫 Tieganzi	138	粉云仙 Fenyunxian
27	粉球 Fenqiu	83	芙蓉金花 Furong Jinhua	139	珊瑚多姿 Shanhu Duozi
28	玲珑玉 Linglongyu	84	万代生色 Wandai Shengse	140	紫兰系金 Zilan Xijin
29	沙金冠顶 Shajin Guanding	85	春晓 Chunxiao	141	月娥娇 Yue’ejiao
30	黄羽球 Huangyuqiu	86	种生粉 Zhongshengfen	142	紫盘托金 Zipan Tuojin
31	大富贵 Dafugui	87	昆山霞光 Kunshan Xiaguang	143	金辉 Jinhui
32	巧玲 Qiaoling	88	丹凤 Danfeng	144	奇丽 Qili
33	曹州红 Caozhouhong	89	黑海波涛 Heihai Botao	145	黄玉簪 Huangyuzan
34	朝阳红 Zhaoyanghong	90	东海朝阳 Donghai Chaoyang	146	桃花系金 Taohua Xijin
35	红艳飞霜 Hongyan Feishuang	91	红峰 Hongfeng	147	西施粉 Xishifen
36	盘托金花 Pantuo Jinhua	92	丽红 Lihong	148	紫兰魁 Zilankui
37	莲台子 Liantaizi	93	玉林红 Yulinhong	149	紫楼 Zilou
38	银须 Yinxu	94	红云迎日 Hongyun Yingri	150	锦上添花 Jinshang Tianhua
39	荷兰红 Helanhong	95	桃花争春 Taohua Zhengchun	151	红绣针 Hongxiuzhen
40	银龙含珠 Yinlong Hanzhu	96	紫光霞佩 Ziguang Xiapei	152	鹤望兰 Hewanglan
41	粉玉楼 Fenyulou	97	碧海蓝天 Bihai Lantian	153	玉楼红星 Yulou Hongxing
42	迟粉 Chifen	98	碧天晴空 Bitian Qingkong	154	红绫簪 Honglingzan
43	水映春兰 Shuiying Chunlan	99	长凤羽 Changfengyu	155	金莲献羽 Jinlian Xianyu
44	似水流年 Sishui Liunian	100	大地露霜 Dadi Lushuang	156	红楼锦菊 Honglou Jinju
45	赛富贵 Saifugui	101	大红楼 Dahonglou	157	紫袍金带 Zipao Jindai
46	双红楼 Shuanghonglou	102	多叶紫 Duoyezi	158	紫托绒花 Zituo Ronghua
47	红盘金球 Hongpan Jinqiu	103	粉池滴脂 Fenchi Dizhi	159	紫红剪绒 Zihong Jianrong
48	粉珠盘 Fenzhupan	104	粉兰楼 Fenlanlou	160	红银针 Hongyinzhen
49	遍地红 Biandihong	105	粉楼 Fenlou	161	永生红 Yongshenghong
50	朱砂判 Zhushapan	106	粉楼含翠 Fenlou Hancui	162	雨润奇花 Yurun Qihua
51	美菊 Meiju	107	粉香楼 Fenxianglou	163	桃李艳妆 Taoli Yanzhuang
52	紫凌锦袍 Ziling Jinpao	108	粉银妆 Fenyinzhuang	164	红绫翠玉 Hongling Cuiyu
53	雪峰 Xuefeng	109	粉玉珑 Fenyulong	165	紫楼显金 Zilou Xianjin
54	圆叶锦球 Yuanye Jinqiu	110	蓝玉藏金 Lanyu Cangjin	166	紫绫金星 Ziling Jinxing
55	蝴蝶戏金花 Hudie Xijinhua	111	粉池金鱼 Fenchi Jinyu	167	紫红争辉 Zihong Zhenghui
56	乌龙集盛 Wulong Jisheng	112	雪山红梅 Xueshan Hongmei

序号 No.	品种名 Cultivar name	序号 No.	品种名 Cultivar name	序号 No.	品种名 Cultivar name
1	冰青 Bingqing	57	粉池滴翠 Fenchi Dicui	113	红楼飘香 Honglou Piaoxiang
2	桃丽艳 Taoliyan	58	火炼金丹 Huolian Jindan	114	红玛瑙 Hongmanao
3	赵园粉 Zhaoyuanfen	59	兰田飘香 Lantian Piaoxiang	115	兰重楼 Lanchonglou
4	铜雀春 Tongquechun	60	芙蓉绒花 Furong Ronghua	116	江山如画 Jiangshan Ruhua
5	胭脂点玉 Yanzhi Dianyu	61	紫金莲 Zijinlian	117	兰翠球 Lancuiqiu
6	胭脂红 Yanzhihong	62	贵妃插翠 Guifei Chacui	118	墨紫含金 Mozi Hanjin
7	金带围 Jindaiwei	63	紫凤朝阳 Zifeng Chaoyang	119	鸟巢 Niaochao
8	满堂红 Mantanghong	64	杨妃出浴 Yangfei Chuyu	120	兰玉交辉 Lanyu Jiaohui
9	粉刺金鱼 Fenci Jinyu	65	红绣球 Hongxiuqiu	121	金凤羽 Jinfengyu
10	紫檀生烟 Zitan Shengyan	66	富士粉 Fushifen	122	海棠系金 Haitang Xijin
11	晴雯 Qingwen	67	金光闪烁 Jinguang Shanshuo	123	墨楼金辉 Molou Jinhui
12	桃花飞雪 Taohua Feixue	68	红艳遇霜 Hongyan Yushuang	124	红凤羽 Hongfengyu
13	少女装 Shaonüzhuang	69	粉凌红珠 Fenling Hongzhu	125	粉绫红花 Fenling Honghua
14	紫凤羽 Zifengyu	70	雪原红花 Xueyuan Honghua	126	红线绣玉 Hongxian Xiuyu
15	雪山披霞 Xueshan Pixia	71	金边红格 Jinbian Hongge	127	红盘镶翠 Hongpan Xiangcui
16	星光灿烂Xingguang Canlan	72	玫瑰红 Meiguihong	128	兰玉环翠 Lanyu Huancui
17	高杆红 Gaoganhong	73	凤羽落金池 Fengyu Luojinchi	129	锦红缎 Jinhongduan
18	银线绣红袍 Yinxian Xiuhongpao	74	大红袍 Dahongpao	130	奇花落雨 Qihua Luoyu
19	粉盘藏珠 Fenpan Cangzhu	75	粉魁 Fenkui	131	金簪刺红 Jinzan Cihong
20	墨蕴 Moyun	76	莲台 Liantai	132	银边红阁 Yinbian Hongge
21	兰重梦 Lanchongmeng	77	红富士 Hongfushi	133	艳紫向阳 Yanzi Xiangyang
22	奇花露霜 Qihua Lushaung	78	鸡冠紫 Jiguanzi	134	紫檀镶玉 Zitan Xiangyu
23	红艳争辉Hongyan Zhenghui	79	绚丽多彩 Xuanli Duocai	135	紫绫藏金 Ziling Cangjin
24	粉盘红星 Fenpan Hongxing	80	红茶花 Hongchahua	136	紫芙蓉 Zifurong
25	朱砂点玉 Zhusha Dianyu	81	红袍插金 Hongpao Chajin	137	晚妆粉 Wanzhuangfen
26	佛光珠影 Foguang Zhuying	82	铁杆紫 Tieganzi	138	粉云仙 Fenyunxian
27	粉球 Fenqiu	83	芙蓉金花 Furong Jinhua	139	珊瑚多姿 Shanhu Duozi
28	玲珑玉 Linglongyu	84	万代生色 Wandai Shengse	140	紫兰系金 Zilan Xijin
29	沙金冠顶 Shajin Guanding	85	春晓 Chunxiao	141	月娥娇 Yue’ejiao
30	黄羽球 Huangyuqiu	86	种生粉 Zhongshengfen	142	紫盘托金 Zipan Tuojin
31	大富贵 Dafugui	87	昆山霞光 Kunshan Xiaguang	143	金辉 Jinhui
32	巧玲 Qiaoling	88	丹凤 Danfeng	144	奇丽 Qili
33	曹州红 Caozhouhong	89	黑海波涛 Heihai Botao	145	黄玉簪 Huangyuzan
34	朝阳红 Zhaoyanghong	90	东海朝阳 Donghai Chaoyang	146	桃花系金 Taohua Xijin
35	红艳飞霜 Hongyan Feishuang	91	红峰 Hongfeng	147	西施粉 Xishifen
36	盘托金花 Pantuo Jinhua	92	丽红 Lihong	148	紫兰魁 Zilankui
37	莲台子 Liantaizi	93	玉林红 Yulinhong	149	紫楼 Zilou
38	银须 Yinxu	94	红云迎日 Hongyun Yingri	150	锦上添花 Jinshang Tianhua
39	荷兰红 Helanhong	95	桃花争春 Taohua Zhengchun	151	红绣针 Hongxiuzhen
40	银龙含珠 Yinlong Hanzhu	96	紫光霞佩 Ziguang Xiapei	152	鹤望兰 Hewanglan
41	粉玉楼 Fenyulou	97	碧海蓝天 Bihai Lantian	153	玉楼红星 Yulou Hongxing
42	迟粉 Chifen	98	碧天晴空 Bitian Qingkong	154	红绫簪 Honglingzan
43	水映春兰 Shuiying Chunlan	99	长凤羽 Changfengyu	155	金莲献羽 Jinlian Xianyu
44	似水流年 Sishui Liunian	100	大地露霜 Dadi Lushuang	156	红楼锦菊 Honglou Jinju
45	赛富贵 Saifugui	101	大红楼 Dahonglou	157	紫袍金带 Zipao Jindai
46	双红楼 Shuanghonglou	102	多叶紫 Duoyezi	158	紫托绒花 Zituo Ronghua
47	红盘金球 Hongpan Jinqiu	103	粉池滴脂 Fenchi Dizhi	159	紫红剪绒 Zihong Jianrong
48	粉珠盘 Fenzhupan	104	粉兰楼 Fenlanlou	160	红银针 Hongyinzhen
49	遍地红 Biandihong	105	粉楼 Fenlou	161	永生红 Yongshenghong
50	朱砂判 Zhushapan	106	粉楼含翠 Fenlou Hancui	162	雨润奇花 Yurun Qihua
51	美菊 Meiju	107	粉香楼 Fenxianglou	163	桃李艳妆 Taoli Yanzhuang
52	紫凌锦袍 Ziling Jinpao	108	粉银妆 Fenyinzhuang	164	红绫翠玉 Hongling Cuiyu
53	雪峰 Xuefeng	109	粉玉珑 Fenyulong	165	紫楼显金 Zilou Xianjin
54	圆叶锦球 Yuanye Jinqiu	110	蓝玉藏金 Lanyu Cangjin	166	紫绫金星 Ziling Jinxing
55	蝴蝶戏金花 Hudie Xijinhua	111	粉池金鱼 Fenchi Jinyu	167	紫红争辉 Zihong Zhenghui
56	乌龙集盛 Wulong Jisheng	112	雪山红梅 Xueshan Hongmei

表型性状 Phenotypic trait	分级标准Grade and standard
表型性状 Phenotypic trait	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
生长特性 Growth characteristic	直立型 Upright	半直立型 Semi-upright	开展型 Developed
复叶类型 Compound leaf type	小型圆叶 Small round leaf	小型长叶 Small long leaf	中型圆叶 Medium round leaf	中型长叶 Medium long leaf	大型圆叶 Large round leaf	大型长叶 Large long leaf
复叶上表面颜色 Color of the upper surface of compound leaves	浅绿色 Light green	中等绿色Medium green	深绿色 Dark green
花姿态 Attitude of flowers	直立 Upright	斜上 Sloping up	下垂 Drooping down
花色 Flower color	白色 White	粉红色 Pink	红色 Red	紫色 Purple	黑紫色 Black purple	复色 Complex color
外花瓣形状 Outer petal shape	椭圆形 Oval	倒卵圆形 Obovoid	阔倒卵圆形 Broadly obovoid	圆形 Round
小叶内卷程度 Degree of leaflet involution	无 None	轻度 Mild	中度 Moderate	重度 Severe
花香 Fragrance of flowers	无 None	弱 Weak	中 Medium	强 Strong
鳞芽颜色 Scale bud color	粉红色 Pink	紫红色 Fuchsia
幼叶下表面花青甙显色程度 Degree of anthocyanoside coloration on the lower surface of juvenile leaves	无 None	弱 Weak	中 Medium	强 Strong	极强 Extremely strong
幼叶正面颜色 Adaxial color of juvenile leaves	浅绿色 Light green	中等绿色 Medium green	深绿色 Dark green	紫红色 Fuchsia
幼叶下表面绒毛 Juvenile leaf undersurface tomentum	无 None	少 Few	中 Medium	密 Dense
复叶叶柄与花枝角度 Angle of compound petiole and flower branch	小 Small	中 Medium	大 Large
花梗颜色Pedicel color	绿色Green	紫红色Fuchsia
小叶叶缘波状程度 Extent of leaflet margin undulation	无 None	轻度 Mild	中度 Moderate	重度 Severe
小叶先端形状 Shape of the leaflet apex	锐尖 Sharp tip	窄渐尖 Narrow tapering tip	宽渐尖 Wide tapering tip	钝尖 Blunt tip
顶小叶基部连合Basal conjunction of leaflet	是 Yes	否 No
外花瓣硬度 Outer petal hardness	软 Soft	中 Medium	硬 Hard
花蕾颜色 Bud color	白色 White	粉红色 Pink	紫色 Purple	紫红色 Fuchsia	复色 Complex color
花萼片瓣化 Sepal petalization	无 No	有 Yes
雄蕊瓣化程度 Degree of stamen petalization	无 None	少 Few	中 Medium	多 Many	全部 All
雄蕊瓣化瓣形状 Stamen petal shape	无 None	针形 Needle-shaped	带形 Banded	窄倒卵圆形 Narrow inverted ovoid	倒卵圆形 Inverted ovoid	混合型 Mixed
雄蕊瓣化瓣相对于外花瓣的颜色 Color of stamen petalization petals relative to outer petals	无 None	相同 Same	不同 Different
雄蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Stamen petal color	无 None	白色 White	黄色 Yellow	粉红色 Pink	红色 Red	紫红色 Fuchsia	紫黑色 Purpleblack
雄蕊花药残留 Stamen anther residue	无 No	有 Yes
雌蕊瓣化程度 Degree of gynoecium petalization	无 None	少 Few	多 Many
雌蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Gynoecium petal color	无 None	白色 White	绿色+红色 Green+Red	红色 Red	红色+白色 Red+White
复叶叶柄颜色 Compound petiole color	绿色 Green	桃红色 Peach	紫红色 Fuchsia	紫色 Purple
雄蕊花丝颜色 Stamen filament color	无 None	黄色 Yellow	红色 Red
雌蕊柱头颜色 Gynoecium stigma color	无 None	白色 White	黄色 Yellow	粉红色 Pink	红色 Red	紫红色 Fuchsia

表型性状 Phenotypic trait	分级标准Grade and standard
表型性状 Phenotypic trait	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
生长特性 Growth characteristic	直立型 Upright	半直立型 Semi-upright	开展型 Developed
复叶类型 Compound leaf type	小型圆叶 Small round leaf	小型长叶 Small long leaf	中型圆叶 Medium round leaf	中型长叶 Medium long leaf	大型圆叶 Large round leaf	大型长叶 Large long leaf
复叶上表面颜色 Color of the upper surface of compound leaves	浅绿色 Light green	中等绿色Medium green	深绿色 Dark green
花姿态 Attitude of flowers	直立 Upright	斜上 Sloping up	下垂 Drooping down
花色 Flower color	白色 White	粉红色 Pink	红色 Red	紫色 Purple	黑紫色 Black purple	复色 Complex color
外花瓣形状 Outer petal shape	椭圆形 Oval	倒卵圆形 Obovoid	阔倒卵圆形 Broadly obovoid	圆形 Round
小叶内卷程度 Degree of leaflet involution	无 None	轻度 Mild	中度 Moderate	重度 Severe
花香 Fragrance of flowers	无 None	弱 Weak	中 Medium	强 Strong
鳞芽颜色 Scale bud color	粉红色 Pink	紫红色 Fuchsia
幼叶下表面花青甙显色程度 Degree of anthocyanoside coloration on the lower surface of juvenile leaves	无 None	弱 Weak	中 Medium	强 Strong	极强 Extremely strong
幼叶正面颜色 Adaxial color of juvenile leaves	浅绿色 Light green	中等绿色 Medium green	深绿色 Dark green	紫红色 Fuchsia
幼叶下表面绒毛 Juvenile leaf undersurface tomentum	无 None	少 Few	中 Medium	密 Dense
复叶叶柄与花枝角度 Angle of compound petiole and flower branch	小 Small	中 Medium	大 Large
花梗颜色Pedicel color	绿色Green	紫红色Fuchsia
小叶叶缘波状程度 Extent of leaflet margin undulation	无 None	轻度 Mild	中度 Moderate	重度 Severe
小叶先端形状 Shape of the leaflet apex	锐尖 Sharp tip	窄渐尖 Narrow tapering tip	宽渐尖 Wide tapering tip	钝尖 Blunt tip
顶小叶基部连合Basal conjunction of leaflet	是 Yes	否 No
外花瓣硬度 Outer petal hardness	软 Soft	中 Medium	硬 Hard
花蕾颜色 Bud color	白色 White	粉红色 Pink	紫色 Purple	紫红色 Fuchsia	复色 Complex color
花萼片瓣化 Sepal petalization	无 No	有 Yes
雄蕊瓣化程度 Degree of stamen petalization	无 None	少 Few	中 Medium	多 Many	全部 All
雄蕊瓣化瓣形状 Stamen petal shape	无 None	针形 Needle-shaped	带形 Banded	窄倒卵圆形 Narrow inverted ovoid	倒卵圆形 Inverted ovoid	混合型 Mixed
雄蕊瓣化瓣相对于外花瓣的颜色 Color of stamen petalization petals relative to outer petals	无 None	相同 Same	不同 Different
雄蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Stamen petal color	无 None	白色 White	黄色 Yellow	粉红色 Pink	红色 Red	紫红色 Fuchsia	紫黑色 Purpleblack
雄蕊花药残留 Stamen anther residue	无 No	有 Yes
雌蕊瓣化程度 Degree of gynoecium petalization	无 None	少 Few	多 Many
雌蕊瓣化瓣颜色 Gynoecium petal color	无 None	白色 White	绿色+红色 Green+Red	红色 Red	红色+白色 Red+White
复叶叶柄颜色 Compound petiole color	绿色 Green	桃红色 Peach	紫红色 Fuchsia	紫色 Purple
雄蕊花丝颜色 Stamen filament color	无 None	黄色 Yellow	红色 Red
雌蕊柱头颜色 Gynoecium stigma color	无 None	白色 White	黄色 Yellow	粉红色 Pink	红色 Red	紫红色 Fuchsia

质量性状 Qualitative trait	频率/% Frequency							遗传多样性指数H′
质量性状 Qualitative trait	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	遗传多样性指数H′
生长特性 Growth characteristic	43.71	20.36	35.93	-	-	-	-	1.054
复叶类型 Compound leaf type	7.19	8.38	32.34	17.37	18.56	16.17	-	1.673
复叶上表面颜色Color of the upper surface of compound leaves	11.38	60.48	28.14	-	-	-	-	0.908
花姿态 Attitude of flowers	44.91	35.93	19.16	-	-	-	-	1.044
花色 Flower color	7.19	22.16	22.75	29.94	2.99	14.97	-	1.610
外花瓣形状 Outer petal shape	8.38	51.50	19.16	20.96	-	-	-	1.194
小叶内卷程度Degree of leaflet involution	13.77	61.68	22.75	1.80	-	-	-	0.980
花香 Fragrance of flowers	40.72	19.16	24.55	15.57	-	-	-	1.317
鳞芽颜色 Scale bud color	18.56	81.44	-	-	-	-	-	0.480
幼叶下表面花青甙显色程度 Degree of anthocyanoside coloration on the lower surface of juvenile leaves	43.11	34.13	8.98	11.38	2.40	-	-	1.283
幼叶正面颜色Adaxial color of juvenile leaves	13.77	27.54	38.92	19.76	-	-	-	1.316
幼叶下表面绒Juvenile leaf undersurface tomentum	43.11	26.35	16.77	13.77	-	-	-	1.287
复叶叶柄与花枝角度Angle of compound petiole and flower branch	15.57	49.70	34.73	-	-	-	-	1.004
花梗颜色 Pedicel color	77.25	22.75	-	-	-	-	-	0.536
小叶叶缘波状程度Extent of leaflet margin undulation	20.36	44.91	29.94	4.79	-	-	-	1.190
小叶先端形状Shape of the leaflet apex	49.10	17.96	16.77	16.17	-	-	-	1.252
顶小叶基部连合Basal conjunction of terminal leaflet	61.68	38.32	-	-	-	-	-	0.666
外花瓣硬度 Outer petal hardness	55.69	37.72	6.59	-	-	-	-	0.873
花蕾颜色 Bud color	5.99	15.57	34.73	43.11	-	-	-	1.219
花萼片瓣化 Sepal petalization	63.47	36.53	-	-	-	-	-	0.656
雄蕊瓣化程度Degree of stamen petalization	0.60	3.59	20.96	34.73	40.12	-	-	1.211
雄蕊瓣化瓣形状Stamen petal shape	0.60	7.78	4.79	19.76	49.70	17.37	-	1.347
雄蕊瓣化瓣相对于外花瓣的颜色 Color of stamen petalization petals relative to outer petals	0.60	82.04	17.37	-	-	-	-	0.497
雄蕊瓣化瓣颜色Stamen petal color	0.60	11.98	1.20	29.94	22.75	29.94	3.59	1.516
雄蕊花药残留Stamen anther residue	90.42	9.58	-	-	-	-	-	0.316
雌蕊瓣化程度Degree of gynoecium petalization	74.25	2.40	23.35	-	-	-	-	0.650
雌蕊瓣化瓣颜色Gynoecium petal color	74.25	9.58	0.60	3.59	11.98	-	-	0.850
复叶叶柄颜色Compound petiole color	22.75	44.91	31.14	1.20	-	-	-	1.113
雄蕊花丝颜色Stamen filament color	40.72	54.49	4.79	-	-	-	-	0.842
雌蕊柱头颜色Gynoecium stigma color	21.56	19.76	2.99	29.94	16.77	8.98	-	1.633