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园艺学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3): 635-646.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-1190

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

避雨栽培对‘赤霞珠’葡萄果表微生物多样性的影响

黄蓉1, 董超1, 姜娇1, 秦义1,2, 刘延琳1,2, 宋育阳1,2,*()   

  1. 1西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院,陕西杨凌 712100
    2西北农林科技大学宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酒试验示范站,宁夏永宁 750104
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-26 修回日期:2023-01-04 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-04-03
  • 通讯作者: *(E-mail:yuyangsong@nwsuaf.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002500);宁夏回族自治区重大研发计划项目(2020BCF01003);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-29)

Investigation of the Effect of Rain-shelter Cultivation on the Microbial Diversity of Berry Surface for‘Cabernet Sauvignon’Grapes

HUANG Rong1, DONG Chao1, JIANG Jiao1, QIN Yi1,2, LIU Yanlin1,2, SONG Yuyang1,2,*()   

  1. 1College of Enology,Northwest A & F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China
    2Ningxia Helan Mountain’s East Foothill Wine Experiment and Demonstration Station,Northwest A & F University,Yongning,Ningxia 750104,China
  • Received:2022-11-26 Revised:2023-01-04 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-04-03
  • Contact: *(E-mail:yuyangsong@nwsuaf.edu.cn

摘要:

以避雨栽培和露天栽培(对照)酿酒葡萄‘赤霞珠’为材料,利用高通量测序技术,研究果实转色期和成熟期果表微生物的多样性以及群落结构。两种模式下果表的主要真菌和细菌分别是子囊菌门(Ascomycota,占比 > 90%以上)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)。避雨栽培减少了炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum)的定殖,降低了诱导果实腐烂且产生毒素的链格孢属(Alternaria)的丰度;且避雨条件更适合于固氮细菌假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和泛菌属(Pantoea)的生长。此外,避雨处理中曲霉属(Aspergillus)和单端孢霉属(Trichothecium)的丰度普遍高于露天对照。NMDS分析与Welch’s t检测表明,避雨栽培引起了转色期的真菌和细菌群落结构的显著差异(胁强系数stress < 0.1且P < 0.05)。避雨栽培一定程度上减少了引起果实腐烂的微生物群的生长,有助于对葡萄健康生长和葡萄酒品质有益的微生物在果实表面定殖。

关键词: 酿酒葡萄, 避雨栽培, 微生物群落, 多样性分析, 高通量测序分析

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the effect of rain-shelter cultivation on the microbial diversity of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes at veraison and ripening stages via high-throughput sequencing. Ascomycota(percentage > 90%) and Proteobacteria were the dominant fungal and bacterial phylum in both rain-shelter and open-field cultivation patterns. Compared with grapes being cultivated in the open-field,rain-shelter reduced the richness of Colletotrichum,therefore decreasing the risk of developing anthracnose on grape berries. In this scenario,a decreased abundance of Alternaria,which was associated with berry rot and secretion of killer toxins,was also seen. Additionally,rain-shelter conditions were more suitable for the development of Pseudomonas and Pantoea,both bacteria are capable of nitrogen-fixing. The abundance of Aspergillus and Trichothecium were commonly higher in the rain-shelter treatment than in the control. NMDS analysis with Welch’s t test suggested that rain-shelter resulted in significant differences in fungal and bacterial community structure at the veraison stage(stress < 0.1;P < 0.05). In summary,rain-shelter enhanced the colonization of microbes that are beneficial to vine growth and grape quality whilst also reducing the richness of microorganisms that could potentially cause diseases affecting grape health.

Key words: wine grape, rain-shelter cultivation, microbial community, diversity analysis, high-throughput sequencing analysis

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